-

al ('l)[o] the; who; which; that

al–9aalam al–9arabiy (9rb) [ax] Arab; the A. world

al–9aalam al–9arabiy (9lm) [n] world; the Arab w.

al–9arabiy al–faSiyH (9rb) [nx?] Arabic; classical/standard A.

al–9arabiy al–faSiyH (fSH) [ax] Classical Arabic; Standard Arabic

al–9aSur (9Sr) [n/] afternoon; in the a./this a.?

al–9iraag (9rg) [n] Iraq

al–9iraaq (9rg) [n] Iraq

al–aaxra ('xr) [nx] hereafter; the h.; afterlife; the a.

al–aHadd ('Hd) [n] Sunday

alam aalaam ('lm) [n] pain; ache; suffering; agony?

al–aRbi9a –aat (rb9) [nx] Wednesday

al–baagiy talaata guruw∫ (bga) [a] over; there's three piastres left o.

al–baHar (bHr) [nx/] Nile; the N. (or)any large river)

al–bitt yaat–a° (yat) [q] which girl?

alf (/alfi) aalaaf; uluwf ('lf) [n] thousand

al–Haba∫a (Hb∫) [nx] Abyssinia; Ethiopia

al–Hadd ('Hd) [nx] Sunday

al–Hamdu li–llaa ('lh) [nx] God; praise be to G. (often used in reply to question like kaif al–Haal)

al–Hamdu li–llaa (Hmd) [n/] praise; p. be to God (often used in reply to question like [kayf al–Haal])

al–Hamdu li–llaa (Hmd) [n/?] praise be to God (reply to [kayf al–Haal], etc.)

al–Hamdu lli–llaa ('lh) [nx] God; praise be to G.(reply to [kayf al–Haal], etc.)

al-Hiluw - (Hla) [n/] custard

alif (/alfi) aalaaf; uluwf ('lf) [n] thousand

al–imaam al–mahdiy ('m;) [nx] mahdi; the Mahdi (C.19 religious leader)

al–imaam al–mahdiy (hda) [nx] mahdi; the Mahdi (C.19 religious leader)

al–itnayn (tna) [n?] both of them

al–itnayn (tna) [nx] Monday

aliyf –aat? ('lf) [a] tame; domesticate; d.d (animal; not of people)

aliyf –aat? ('lf) [a] tame; domesticate; d.d (animal; not of people)

alkuHuwl ('lkH)[n] alcohol (technical)

al–kuwayt (kwt) [nx] Kuwait

aLLa yibaarik fawgak ('lh) [nx] bless; God b. you; God bless you

aLLa yibaarik fawgak (brk) [vj] bless; God b. you; God bless you

aLLa yibaarik fiyk ('lh) [nx] bless; God b. you; God bless you

aLLa yibaarik fiyk (brk) [vj] bless; God b. you; God bless you

aLLaa ('lh) [nx] God (as)interjection, expressing surprise)

aLLaa ya∫fiyk (∫fa) [vt] cure; may God cure you

aLLaa ya∫fiyk (∫fa) [vt] restore, may God restore you to health

aLLaa yibaarik fiyk (brk) [vj] bless; God b. you (reply to greeting, etc.)

aLLaa yisallim–ak ('lh) [nx] God give you well–being (reply to al–Hamd illa 9ala s–salaama)

aLLaa yisallim–ak (slm) [vt] God; G. give you well–being (reply to [al–Hamd illa 9ala s–salaama])

aLLaa yisallimak ('lh) [nx] God preserve? you (replyto [aLLaa yibaarik fiyk])

aLLaa yisallimak ('lh) [nx] God preserveyou (reply to [al–Hamd illa 9ala s–salaama])

aLLaa yisallimak (slm) [vt] preserve; God p. you: [al–Hamd illa 9ala s–salaama]

aLLaa yisallimak (slm) [vt] preserve; God p.? you (reply to [aLLaa yibaarik fiyk]

aLLaa yisallimak ('lh) [vt] thank you" (reply to [salaamt-ak], said to ill person); God preserve you (reply to [salaamt-ak], said to ill person); preserve; God p. you (reply to [salaamt-ak], said to ill person)

aLLaa yisallimak (slm) [vt] thank you" (reply to [salaamt-ak], said to ill person); God preserve you (reply to [salaamt-ak], said to ill person); preserve; God p. you (reply to [salaamt-ak], said to ill person)

al–layla (lyl) [n] today

al–layla (lyl) [n] today

al–ma#rib (#rb) [nx] Morocco; Maghrib; the M.

almaaniy –iyn; almaan ('lmn)[a] German

almaanya ('lmn)[nx] Germany

al–mahdiy (hda) [nx] mahdi; Islamic messiah figure

al–mahdiyya (hda) [nx] mahdism/Mahdist movement/period

al–masiyH (msH) [nx] Christ; the C. (also used of Jesus by Muslims)

al–masiyH (msH) [nx] messiah; the m. (also used of Jesus by Muslims)

al–misa (msa) [n]? evening; in the e.

al–qur'aan (gra) [nx] Quran; the Q.

al–urdun ('rdn)[nx] Jordan

al–urdunn ('rdn)[nx] Jordan

al–usbuw9 aj–jaay (jy)[a] next week

al–usbuw9 al–faat (fwt) [vi?] last week

al–walad ∫amma riyHat abaaTuw (wld) [n] boy; the boy's smelt the smell of his armpit (ironical/mocking); adult; the boy has become an adult (lit: 'the boy's smelt the smell of his armpit') (ironical/mocking)

al–walad yaat–uw° (yat) [q] which boy?

al–wilaayaat al–muttaHida (wHd) [ax] United States (of America)

al–wilaayaat al–muttaHida (wla) [nx] state; United States (of America)

al–xaliyj (xlj) [nx] gulf; the Persian Gulf; Persian; the P. Gulf

al–xaliyj al–9arabiy (9rb) [ax] gulf; the Persian Gulf

al–xaliyj al–9arabiy (xlj) [nx] gulf; the Persian Gulf; Persian; the P. Gulf

al–xamiys (xms) [nx] Thursday

al–xarTuwm (xrT) [nx] Khartoum

al–xurTuwm (xrTm)[nx] Khartoum

al–yaman (ymn) [nx] Yemen

am∫iy Tawwaaliy (Twl) [d] immediately; go i.; straight; go s. away; now; go n.?

amaan ('mn) [n] security; feeling of s.; safety; feeling of s.?

amal aamaal ('ml) [n] expectation?; hope

amal aamaal ('ml) [n] hope; expectation?

amal aamaal ('ml) [n] hope; expectation?

amar yaamur ('mr) [vts]? order; command; instruct

amayrika ('mrk)[nx] America

ambuwba anaabiyb (nb;) [ns] balloon

ambuwba *–aat; anaabiyb (nb;) [n] pipe

ambuwba *–aat; anaabiyb (nb;) [n] pipe

ambuwba *–aat; anaabiyb (nb;) [ns] pipe (for water etc.); conduit; tube?

ambuwba *–aat; anaabiyb (nb;) [ns] tube?; pipe?; conduit?; duct?

amis ('ms) [d/] yesterday (in daytime only?)

amiyn –iyn; umana ('mn) [a] honest

amiyn ! ('mn) [a] loyal?; honest?; reliable?; trustworthy?; upright?

amiyn ! ('mn) [a] reliable; trustworthy

amiyn –iyn; umana ('mn) [a] upright?; reliable?; trustworthy?; loyal?; faithful?

amiyr ? ('mr) [n] prince?

amiyrika ('mrk)[nx] America

amm ('m;) [nf] mother

ammal fiy yi'ammil ('ml) [vjs] expect; hope

amn ('mn) [n] security service(s)

amriyka ('mrk)[nx] America

amriykaaniy amriykaan ('mrk)[ax] American (people only?)

amriykiy –iyn ('mrk)[ax] American

amur umuwr ('mr) [n/] matter; affair; concern; business

amur (bay) awaamir ('mr) [nj/] order (to ; command (to ; instruction (to ; decree?

ana ('na) [w] I; me (as)emphatic)

ana bardaan (brd) [a] cold; I'm c.; chilly; I'm c.; cool; I'm c.?

ana daayi∫ (dy∫) [a] vertigo; I've got vertigo; dizzy; I'm feeling d.

ana gaayl–ak ... (gwl) [a] think; I thought that you ...

ana mazkuwm –iyn (zkm) [a] cold; I've got a c. (in the head)

ana muSaddi9 (Sd9) [a] headache; I've got a h.

ana zakmaan (zkm) [a] cold; I've got a c. (in the head)

anaaniy –iyn ('na) [a] selfish; egoistical

anaaniyya ('na) [a] selfishness; egoism

an–naar (nwr) [nf?] hell/hellfire

an–naas yaat–um° (yat) [q] which people?

an–niyl (nyl) [nx] Nile; the Nile

an–niyl (nyl) [nx] Nile; the N.

an–niyl al–abyaD (byD) [ax] Nile; the White Nile; White; the White Nile

an–niyl al–abyaD (nyl) [nx] Nile; the White Nile; White; the White Nile

an–niyl al–abyaD (byD) [ax] Nile; the White N.; white; the White Nile

an–niyl al–abyaD (nyl) [nx] Nile; the White N.; white; the White Nile

an–niyl al–azrag (zrg) [ax] Nile; the Blue Nile; Blue; the Blue Nile

an–niyl al–azrag (nyl) [nx] Nile; the Blue Nile; Blue; the Blue Nile

an–niyl al–azrag (zrg) [ax] Nile; the Blue N.; blue; the B. Nile

an–niyl al–azrag (nyl) [nx] Nile; the Blue N.; blue; the B. Nile

an–niylayn (nyl) [nlx] Nile; the two N.s; two; the t. Niles (Blue+White)

aqna9 yaqni9 (gn9) [vt]? content; satisfy; convince

aRba9a –aat (rb9) [n] four

arDiyya –aat ('rD) [n] ground (of a room); floor (of a room)

arDiyya –aat ('rD) [n] plot (of land)

ariD araaDiy ('rD) [nf/] earth; land; country?; region?; area?

ariD araaDiy ('rD) [nf/] terrain?; ground; soil

aritiyriy –iyn ('rtr)[ax] Eritrean

aritiyrya ('rtr)[nx] Eritrea

aritriy –iyn ('rtr)[ax] Eritrean

aritriyya ('rtr)[nx] Eritrea

arnab araanib ('rnb)[n] rabbit; buck (i.e. male) r.; buck (i.e. male) rabbit

arnab araanib ('rnb)[n] rabbit?; hare?

arnab araanib ('rnb)[n] rabbit; hare?

asaas –aat ('s;) [n] furniture/item of furniture

aSal ('Sl) [ng] python/p.s (snake)

aSala –aat ('Sl) [ns] python (snake)

aSala –aat ('Sl) [ns] python? (type of snake)

asfanj coll (sfnj)[ng] sponge

asfanja –aat (sfnj)[ns] sponge; single s./piece of s.

asfanja –aat (sfnj)[ns] sponge; piece of s.

aSfar Safra Sufur (Sfr) [a] brown; yellow–b./golden b. (camel)

aSfar Safra Sufur (Sfr) [a] yellow (yellow to yellow-orange colour); orange; yellow to yellow-orange colour

aSfar Safra Sufur (Sfr) [a] yellow; pale?; pallid?; wan?

aSil uSuwl ('Sl) [n/] origin; source?

aSil uSuwl ('Sl) [n/] origin; source?

aSil/aSl– (+ PRONOUN SUFFIXES) ('Sl) [d/] originally

aSiyl –iyn ('Sl) [a] honourable (respects social norms; with connotations of belonging to community); respectable (respects social norms; with connotations of belonging to community); respect; well-r.ed (respects social norms; with connotations of belonging to community); upright (with connotations of belonging to community); honest (with connotations of belonging to community)

aSiyl ? ('Sl) [a] pure?; genuine; original?; authentic

aslam yaslim (slm) [vi] Muslim; bc. a M.; convert to Islam

aslam yaslim (slm) [vt] Muslim; make a M.; convert to Islam

aSlan ('Sl) [d] original; o.ly

aSlan ('Sl) [d] originally

aSliy –iyn ('Sl) [a] original

aSl–uw ('Sl) [d] originally

asmant ('smn)[ng] cement; concrete

asmantiy ('smn)[ng] cement; concrete

asra9 yasri9 (sr9) [vi] fast; go; quick; go q.ly; rapid; go r.ly; speedy; go. s.ly; swift; go s.ly; ; move quickly/fast; go quickly/fast; come quickly/fast

asra9 yasri9 (sr9) [vt] fast; go; quick; go q.ly; rapid; go r.ly; speedy; go. s.ly; swift; go s.ly; fast; go; move quickly/fast; go quickly/fast; come quickly/fast

asra9 yasri9 (sr9) [vim] run?; dash?; quick;be q.; hurry; hasten; rush?

as–sa9uwdiyya (s9d) [nx] Saudi Arabia

as–saa9a mi'axxira ('xr) [a] slow; the watch/clock is slow

as–saa9a migaddima (gdm) [a] fast; the watch/clock is fast

aS-SabaaH (SbH) [n] morning; this m.; in the morning

aS-SabaaH (SbH) [n] morning; this m.; in the morning

aS–SabaaH (SbH) [n] morning; in the m./m.s (once or every morning)

aS–SabaaH (SbH) [n] tomorrow

as–sabit (sbt) [nx/] Saturday

as–sana aj–jaaya (jy)[a] next year

as–sana l–faatat (fwt) [vi?] last year

aS–Sawmaal (Swml)[nx] Somalia (country)

as–sayyid aS–Saadiq al–mahdiy (swd) [n] mister”? (title of respect for Islamic leader?); Mr. Sadiq al–Mahdi

as–sayyid muHammad baabikir (swd) [n] mister; Mr. Mohammed Babikir

as–sayyida taat∫ar (swd) [n] missus; Mrs. Thatcher

as–sikka Hadiyd (sk;) [n] railway; the r.

as–sikka Hadiyd (sk;) [n] railway; the r.

aS–Siyn (Syn) [nx] China (country)

aS–Siyn a∫–∫a9biyya (Syn) [nx] China; People’s [Republic of] C.; people; P.’s republic of China

as–suwdaan (swd) [n] Sudan/the Sudan

aswa (swa) [a] worse; worst

aswa (swa) [a] worse; worst

aswa (swa) [a] worse; worst (comparative of [ka9ab])

aswad coll (swd) [ng] aubergine

aswad sawda suwd (swd) [a] black

aTra∫ Tar∫a Turu∫ (Tr∫) [a] deaf

aTra∫ Tar∫a Turu∫ (Tr∫) [a] deaf

at–talaataº (tlt) [nx] Tuesday

aw ('w)[c] or; else; or e.; otherwise?

awDa uwaD ('wD) [n] room

awDat nawm uwaD nawm ('wD) [n] bedroom; room; bedroom

awDat nawm uwaD nawm (nwm) [n] bedroom; room; bedroom

aWlaad (wld) [np] children (female as well as male c.)

aWlaad –aat (wld) [np] family (i.e. children)

awlaad bittiy (wld) [n] grandson; my g.s (by)daughter); child; my g.ren?

awlaad bittiy (bt;) [nf] grandson; my g.s (by)daughter); child; my grandchildren?

awwal ('wl) [c] first; when first; time; the f. time (when); as soon as?

awwal ('wl) [c] first; when first; time; the first t. (when); immediately (when)

awwal uwla –iyn; awaayil ('wl) [a] first

awwal ∫ahri xamsa ('wl) [a ?] start; at the start of May; beginning; at the beginning of May

awwal ∫ahri xamsa ('wl) [d] start; at the start of May; beginning; at the beginning of May

awwal amis ('ms) [d/] yesterday; the day before y.

awwal amis ('wl) [d] yesterday; the day before y.

awwal an–nahaar ('wl) [a] beginning; at the b. of the day; start; at the s. of the day

awwal maa ('wl) [a] first; when first; time; the f. time (when)

awwal umbaariH ('mbrH [d] yesterday; the day before y.

awwal umbaariH ('wl) [a] yesterday; the day before y.

awwalaaniy ('wl) [a] first (ordinal number)

ax (mainly in borrowings from Standard Arabic) axwaan ('x)[n] friend; close/very good f.

axad yaaxud ('xd) [vt] buy

axad yaaxud ('xd) [vt] take

axad nafas anfaas (nfs) [n] breath; take a b.; breathe (take a breath); take a breath

axayr (lay) (xyr) [aj] better (for); best (for)

axDar labaniy ? (lbn) [a] light blue; blue; light b.

axDar xaDra xuDur (xDr) [a] dark–skinned; brown–skinned (colour of e.g. most Northern Sudanese)

axDar xaDra xuDur (xDr) [a] grey

axDar xaDra° xuDur (xDr) [a] brown (mud–coloured); grey?

axDar zar9iy ? (zr9) [a] green (colour of young crops)

axiSSaa'iy –a (xS;) [n] specialist; expert

axiyr ('xr) [a] last; previous?; latest?

axlaag (xlg) [np] morals

axuw axwaan ('x)[n] brother

axuw axwaan ('x)[n] friend; close/very good f.

axxar yi'axxir ('xr) [vt] hold up?; slow down?; delay; late; make l.

axxar yi'axxir ('xr) [vt] put back (clock/watch); back; put b.(watch/clock)

axxar min/9an yi’axxir ('xr) [vtj] late; make l. for

aydz ('ydz)[n] AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

ayh; *ay ('yh) [q] what

aywa ('ay) [o] yes

ayyad yi'ayyid? ('yd) [vt] support; back; confirm; help?

ayyi +GEN ('y;) [o] any

ayyi ∫iy (∫y)[n] anything

ayyi ∫iy (also [ayyu ∫i] – or perhaps [aYYu ∫i]) ('y;) [o] anything

ayyi baniy aadam ('bn) [n/?] anybody; anyone; everybody; everyone

ayyi baniy aadam ('dm) [nx?] anybody; anyone; everybody; everyone

ayyi baniy aadam ('y;) [o ?] anybody; anyone; everybody; everyone

ayyi Haaja ('y;) [o] anything

ayyi Haaja (Hwj) [n] anything

ayyi Hadd ('y;) [o] anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody

ayyi Hadd (Hd;) [w] anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody

ayyi Hitta (Ht;) [n] anywhere; everywhere

ayyi Hitta ('y;) [o] anywhere; everywhere

ayyi kalaam ('y;) [o] anything (spoken about)

ayyi kalaam (klm) [n] anything (spoken about)

ayyi maHall (Hl;) [n] anywhere; everywhere

ayyi maHall (Hl;) [d]? anywhere; everywhere

ayyi maHall ('y;) [o] anywhere; everywhere

ayyi makaan ('y;) [o] anywhere; everywhere

ayyi makaan (kwn) [d]? anywhere; everywhere

ayyi waaHid ('y;) [o] anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody

ayyi waaHid (wHd) [a] anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody

ayyi waaHid (wHd) [a] whoever

ayyi waaHid ('y;) [o] whoever

ayyi waaHid min al–itnayn ('y;) [o] either one of them

ayyi waaHid min al–itnayn (tna) [n] either one of them

ayyi waaHid min al–itnayn (wHd) [a] either one of them

ayyi wakit ('y;) [o] any; at a. time; anytime; whenever?

ayyi zawl ('y;) [o] anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody

ayyi zawl (zwl) [n] anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody

az9aj yaz9ij (z9j) [vt] disturb; trouble; inconvenience?; molest?; pester?

aza (passive: [in–], [it–]) ya'ziy ('za) [vt] harm; hurt

azaan ('zn) [n] call to prayer; prayer; call to p.

aziyya (= [aza] - ('za) [n] injury?; trouble?; harm?; hurt?; damage?

azma –aat; azamaat ('zm) [n] emergency?; crisis

azma –aat; azamaat ('zm) [n] shortage (of a commodity)?

azrag zarga zurug (zrg) [a] black

azrag zarga zurug (zrg) [a] black–brown (camel); dark; very d. brown (camel)

azrag zarga zurug (zrg) [a] blue

azrag zarga zurug (zrg) [a] brown; very dark b. (camel)

azrag zarga zurug (zrg) [a] dark–coloured

azrag zarga zurug (zrg) [a] dark–skinned (very) (used of Southerners only?)

azrag zarga° (zrg) [a] pure (water; i.e. not juice)

azzaan –iyn ('zn) [n] muezzin

azzaaniy –a; –iyya ('zn) [n] muezzin

az-zawl (zwl) [n] someone (used definitely); somebody (used definitely); one (= someone; used definitely); anybody (used definitely); anyone (used definitely); person (used definitely)

ب
ba∫aayir (b∫r) [np] sign; first s. (of st. good); first sign (of st. good); encouraging signs

ba∫ar (b∫r) [nb] people; human being(s); mankind; man; men

ba∫ar (b∫r) [nb] person; human being; man

ba∫kiyr ba∫aakiyr (b∫kr)[n] towel

ba∫kurak (∫kr) [vtj] thank you (very formal usage)

ba∫uw∫ –iyn (b∫;) [a] affable; cheerful; amiable

ba9ad (b9d) [c] after

ba9ad (b9d) [j/] after

ba9aD (b9D) [w/?] other; each o.; another; one a.; one another; each o.

ba9aD (b9D) [o/] some; certain; number; a n. of

ba9ad bukra (b9d) [j] after; the day a. tomorrow; day; the d. after tom.

ba9ad bukra (b9d) [j] tomorrow; the day after t.

ba9ad bukra (bkr) [j] tomorrow; the day after t.

ba9ad maa (b9d) [j] after

ba9ad maa (ma)[o] after

ba9áD–um ba9aD (b9D) [n/?] another; one a.; each other; other; each o.

ba9ar coll (b9r) [ng/] droppings (camel droppings?); dung

ba9ar coll (b9r) [ng/] droppings; dung

ba9ar (b9r) [ng/] dung; excrement (of animals)

ba9buwS ba9aabiyS (b9bS)[n] trick?

ba9d aD–Duhur (b9d) [j] afternoon; in the a.

ba9d aD–Duhur (b9d) [j] afternoon; in the a.

ba9d aD–Duhur (Dhr) [n/] afternoon; in the a.

ba9d aD–Duhur (Dhr) [n/] afternoon; in the a.

ba9dayn (b9d) [d] later; while; in a w.

ba9dayn (b9d) [d] then; after that; afterwards

ba9di (b9d) [c] after

ba9di bukra (bkr) [d] day; the d. after tomorrow; after; the d. after t.

ba9di bukra (bkr) [j] tomorrow; the day after t.

ba9di maa (b9d) [j] after

ba9di maa (ma)[o] after

ba9iyd –iyn; bu9ada (b9d) [a] distant; far (away); remote; outlying?; long; a long way (away)

ba9ra –aat (b9r) [ns/] dropping; dung–pellet/piece of d.; pellet; dung–p.

ba9uwD coll (b9D) [ng] mosquito/m.s; gnat/g.s

ba9uwDa (b9D) [ng?] mosquito; m.s; gnat; g.s

ba9uwDa –aat (b9D) [ns] mosquito; gnat?

ba9uwDaaya –aat? (b9D) [ns] mosquito; gnat

baa∫ (ba∫) [o] head- (in compounds); chief (in compounds)

baa∫–tamarjiy –iyya (ba∫) [o] nurse (male)

baa∫–tamarjiy –iyya (tmr) [n] nurse (male)

baa9 (lay) yabiy9 (by9) [vt] sell (to )

baab abwaab (bwb) [n] chapter (of book, which does not contain [faSil]s); part (of a book which contains chapters ([faSil]s)); section (of a book which contains chapters ([faSil]s))

baab abwaab (bwb) [n] chapter

baab abwaab; biybaan (bwb) [n] door; gate

baab a∫-∫aari9 (bwb) [n] gate; house g. (onto road); outside gate

baab a∫-∫aari9 (∫r9) [n] gate; house g. (onto road); outside gate

baab al-Haw∫ (bwb) [n] gate of [Haw∫]; door to [Haw∫]

baab al-Haw∫ (bwb) [n] gate of [Haw∫]; door to [Haw∫]

baab baRRa ([al-baab al-baRRa]) (br;) [d] gate; house g. (onto road); outside gate

baab baRRa ([al-baab al-baRRa]) (bwb) [n] gate; house g. (onto road); outside gate