The essence and content of the term philosophy

2. Features of formal and dialectical logic. Formal mantiq va dialektik mantiq tushunchalarni fikrlash va tushunishga ikki xil yondashuvdir. Har birining umumiy xususiyatlari quyidagilardan iborat:Formal mantiqning xususiyatlari:
- Formal mantiq aniq qoidalar va tuzilmalarga asoslangan ob'ektiv fikrlashni maqsad qiladi.
- Deduksiyaning rasmiy qoidalariga asoslanib, bayonotlar va dalillarni ularning asosliligi va asosliligi uchun tahlil qilishga qaratilgan.
- Formal mantiqda asosiy e’tibor murakkab fikrlarni mantiqiy tarkibiy qismlarga ajratish va ularni mustaqil tekshirishga qaratiladi.
- Formal mantiq aniq holatlar va kontekstlarga taalluqlidir va dialektik mantiqdan ko'ra ko'proq chegaralangan hisoblanadi.Dialektik mantiqning xususiyatlari:
- Dialektik mantiq alohida qismlarni alohida tahlil qilish o'rniga vaziyatni o'rab turgan to'liq kontekstga urg'u berib, o'zaro bog'liqlik va tizimli fikrlashni ta'kidlaydi.
- Bu fikrga ko'proq taklif va innovatsion yondashuv bilan ajralib turadi, ko'pincha qarama-qarshi va kutilmagan kuzatishlarga olib keladi.
- Dialektik mantiq qarama-qarshi kuchlar o'rtasidagi munosabatlarga e'tibor qaratadi, bu qarama-qarshilik haqiqiy dunyoning qusur emas, balki muhim xususiyati degan fikrga olib keladi.
- U rasmiy mantiq kabi bir xil rasmiy cheklovlar bilan cheklanmaydi va shuning uchun kengroq potentsial doira va qo'llanilishiga ega.( Formal logic and dialectical logic are two distinct approaches to reasoning and understanding concepts. Some common features of each are:Features of Formal Logic:
- Formal logic aims for objective reasoning based on clear rules and structures.
- It is focused on analyzing statements and arguments for their validity and soundness based on formal rules of deduction.
- In formal logic, the emphasis is on breaking down complex ideas into their logical components and examining them independently.
- Formal logic applies to specific situations and contexts and is considered more limited in scope than dialectical logic.
Features of Dialectical Logic:
- Dialectical logic emphasizes interconnectedness and systemic thinking with the emphasis on the full context surrounding a situation instead of merely analyzing individual parts in isolation.
- It is characterized by a more suggestive and innovative approach to thought, often leading to counterintuitive and unanticipated observations.
- Dialectical logic focuses on the relationship between opposing forces, leading to the idea that contradiction is an essential characteristic of the real world rather than a flaw.
- It is not limited by the same formal constraints as formal logic and therefore has a wider potential scope and application.)