Personal pronouns (kishilik olmoshlari)

PERSONAL PRONOUNS (KISHILIK OLMOSHLARI)
I – men, you – sen, He - u (o’g’il), She - u (qiz), It - u (jonsiz), We – biz, You – siz, They - ular

1. Bu olmoshlar gapda ko’pincha ega vazifasida keladi. Asosan gapning boshida keladi. Bular asosiy fe’llardan keyin va “to, with, in, on” kabi predloglardan keyin ham ishlatilmaydi.
2. You olmoshi barcha kishilarni nazarda tutib gapirganda ham ishlatilishi mumkin: You can’t use “did” in the present simple tense. Siz “did”ni hozirgi oddiy zamonda ishlata olmaysiz.
3. She – olmoshi ba’zan jonsiz narsalarga nisbatan ham ishlatiladi, ayniqsa davlat, mashina, samolyot, kema nomlari o’rniga: Look at my new car. She is a beauty. Qara yangi mashinamga. U go’zal. We like our England. She is very immense. Biz Angliyani yoqtiramiz. Uning bag’ri juda keng.
4. They – olmoshi esa asosan “They say” (aytishlaricha) birikmasida butun odamlarni nazarda tutgan holda ishlatiladi: They say Anvar eats 25 eggs a day. Aytishlaricha Anvar bir kunda 25ta tuxum yeyarkan.
5. It – olmoshi noma’lum kishini aniq aytishda yoki biror kishini shaxsini aniqlashda kishilarga nisbatan ham ishlatiladi: Who is Tom? It’s me. Who is knocking at the door? I think it’s Tom. Eshikni kim taqqilatyapti? Menimcha u Tom. Shuningdek It olmoshi ob-havo, vaqt, masofa va barcha tur o’lchovlar haqidagi shaxssiz gaplarda ega vazifasida keladi, ammo tarjima qilinmaydi: It is snowing. Qor yog’yapti. It is cold. Sovuq. It is 7 o’clock. Soat 7. It is six km. Olti kilometr.
6. Ingliz tilida olmoshlar uchun 2 ta kelishik mavjud. Kishilik olmoshlari uchun Bosh kelishik va Tushum kelishiklari bor. Gapda to’ldiruvchi vazifasida kelgan kishilik olmoshlari tushum kelishigi vazifasida bo’ladi: Nominative Case (Bosh kelishik): I, You, He, She, It, We, You, They.
Objective Case (Tushum kelishigi): Me – meni, menga, You – seni, senga, Him – uni, unga, Her – uni, unga, It – uni, unga, Us – bizni, bizga, You – sizni, sizga, Them – ularni, ularga.