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• Communicative competence
• World view or worldview
• Linguistic World Picture
• In sociolinguistics
• 1.O‟quv fani o‟qitilishi bo‟yicha uslubiy ko‟rsatmalar

Cognitive linguistics

refers to the branch of linguistics that

interprets language in terms of the

concepts,

sometimes

universal,

sometimes specific to a particular

tongue, which underlies its forms. It is

thus closely associated with semantics

but is distinct from psycholinguistics,

which draws upon empirical findings

from cognitive psychology in order to

explain the mental processes that

underlie

the

acquisition,

storage,

production

and

understanding

of

speech and writing.

99.

Habitus

is a system of embodied dispositions,

tendencies that organize the ways in

which individuals perceive the social

world around them and react to it.

100.

Cybernetics

is a transdisciplinary

approach

for

exploring

regulatory

systems,

their

structures,

constraints,

and

possibilities. In the 21st century, the

term is often used in a rather loose way

to imply "control of any system using

technology."

101.

Communicative competence

is a term in linguistics which refers to a

language

user‘s

grammatical

knowledge

of

syntax,

morphology,

phonology and the like, as well as

social knowledge about how and when

to use utterances appropriately.

102.

World view or worldview

is

the

fundamental

cognitive

orientation of an individual or society

encompassing the entirety of the

individual or society‘s knowledge and

point of view.

103.

Linguistic World Picture

is a part of the cognitive paradigm in

linguistics.

It

is

used

in

analyzing

175

natural languages.

104.

In sociolinguistics

and other social sciences, gender refers

to sexual identity in relation to culture

and society. The ways in which words

are used can both reflect and reinforce

social attitudes toward gender. In the

U.S., the interdisciplinary study of

language and gender was initiated by

linguistics professor Robin Lakoff in

her book Language and Woman‘s

Place (1975).

Gender

studies

is

a field

for

interdisciplinary

105.

study devoted

to

gender identity and

gendered

representation

as

central

categories

of

analysis.

This

field

includes women‘s studies (concerning

women,

feminism,

gender,

and

politics), men‘s studies and queer

studies. Sometimes, gender studies are

offered together with thestudy of

sexuality.

These

disciplines

study

gender and sexuality in the fields of

literature,

language,

geography,

history,

political

science,

sociology,

anthropology,

cinema,

media studies,

human

development,

law,

and

medicine. It also analyzes how race,

ethnicity,

location, class,

nationality,

and disability intersect with the

categories of gender and sexuality.

176

4. ILOVALAR

177

178


1.O‟quv fani o‟qitilishi bo‟yicha uslubiy ko‟rsatmalar

Qiyosiy tipologiya fanining ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy masalalari, til aspektlarini tillararo qiyoslash, ularning qiyosiy tahlilini, dolzarb muammolarini, asosiy yo‘nalishlarining nazariy asoslarini o‘rgatishga yo‘naltirilgan fan hisoblanadi. Qiyosiy tipologiya fanini o‘qitishda zamonaviy texnologiyalari metodlarini qo‘llab mazkur fanni o‘qitishni tashkil qilish bilan bog‘liq muammolar haqida ma‘lumot beradi.

Fanning dolzarbligi pedagogik va tipologik malaka, ko‘nikmalarni shakllantirilishi bilan belgilanadi. Bu esa chet til o‘qituvchisi uchun zarur bo‘lgan talablardan eng birinchisi hisoblanadi. Fanning konsepsiyasi-yangicha til siyosati talablari asosida tuzilgan. Yangicha til siyosati chet tillar bo‘yicha halqaro me‘yorlar – CEFR va kadrlar tayyorlash milliy dasturi asoslari bilan belgilangan yangicha til siyosati talablari, me‘yorlari, Prezidentimizning №1875 qarori asosida chet tillar bo‘yicha qabul qilingan Davlat ta‘lim standartlari talablariga javob beradi.

179
Qiyosiy tipologiya fanini chet tilida o‘qitish jamiyat, davlat talablaridan, manfaatlaridan kelib chiqib belgilanadi. Bo‘lajak mutaxassis-o‘qituvchilarda qiyosiy tipologiya fani bo‘yicha tilshunoslikning turli mezonlari, metodlari, tamoyil va usullari bilan tanishtirish va ularni tilshunoslik nazariyasi va amaliyotida samarali qo‘llash, ko‘nikma, malakalarini shakllantirish va rivojlantirishdan iborat. Shuningdek, qiyosiy tilshunoslik sohasida egallangan bilimlar o‘quv jarayonida tilning amaliy ko‘nikmalarini mukammallashtirishga asos bo‘ladi. Ushbu fan talabalarni nazariy va amaliy jihatdan yetuk mutaxassis bo‘lishlariga xizmat qiladi.

Fan bo‘yicha talablarning bilim, ko‘nikma va malakalarga quyidagi talablar qo‘yiladi. Talaba:

0. 
   Qiyosiy tipologiya fanining tarixiy taraqqiyot bosqichlari, fanning nazariy masalalari va metodlari, qiyoslash oby‘ektini tanlash, qiyoslanayotgan kategoriyalarning ifodalanish usullarini va ularning nutqda qo‘llanilishidagi o‘ziga xos xususiyatlarini;
   

0. 
   tarjimaning leksik, grammatik va stilistik muammolari to‘g‘risida nazariy bilimlarga ega bo‘lish, hamda ularga ijodiy yechim topa olishni;
   

0. 
   informativ axborotlarni va matnlarni tarjima qilish usullarini bilish;
   

0. 
   Til aspektlarining qiyoslash usullari, turlari va ularni qiyosiy tipologiya mezonlariga asosan tavsiflay va tasniflay olish;
   

0. 
   Tillarning leksik, morfologik, sintaktik, fonetik va boshqa sathlari haqida umumiy tushunchaga ega bo‘lish, ularning izomorfik va allomorfik xususiyatlarini ajrata olish;
   

0. 
   Analitik, flektiv, sintetik, polsintetik, agglyutinativ tillar haqida bilim va ko‘nikmalarga ega bo‘lish;
   

0. 
   Tillararo so‘z turkumlar tipologiyasi, tillarning grammatik kategoriyalariga ko‘ra tipologiyasi, gapning turlari va uning tipologik tasnifini bilish;
   

180

0. 
   leksik tipologiyaning qiyosiy tipologiyaga oid boshqa aspektlari bilan lingvistik munosabati haqida bilim va tushunchaga ega bo‘lish tlab etiladi.
   

1. 
   
   
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