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See also
Stalinism (1929–1953)
436 INDEX
Soviet Union
Afghanistan invasion (1979), 178, 196
Communist Party, 158–59, 178, 185
World War II, 135–36
Spiritual Administration of Muslims of
Kyrgyzstan (DUMK), 343
Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of
Central Asia (SADUM)
Islam, 301, 308, 312–13, 314, 343,
362n16
Khrushchev/Brezhnev era
(1950s–1980s), 154
Stalinism (1929–1953), 125–26
Sports, 152
Stalin, Josef, 106
Stalinabad (Dushanbe), 132, 133
Stalinism (1929–1953)
agriculture, 121–22, 137
classism, 120, 122, 132
communist movement, 126–28
culture, 127
education, 124, 126, 129–30
ethnic groups, 126–28, 131–33
indigenization policy, 126–28
Islam, 119–20, 125–26, 129–30, 130–31,
132, 134
Kyrgyzstan, 124–25, 126, 128–29,
132–33, 134–36
language policy, 127, 128–31
national identity, 124–25, 131–33
political leadership, 120–21, 127, 134–35
post-war development, 137
Russification, 128–31
social impact, 124–25
Soviet policy shifts, 119–122
Soviet repression, 133–35, 137
Tajikistan, 123, 124–25, 126, 128–29,
132–33, 134–36
transportation routes, 122–124
Uzbekistan, 121, 123, 124–25, 126,
128–29, 132–33, 134–36
World War II, 135–36
State building, 211–17, 219–20
Strategic Partnership Declaration (2002), 383
Subsidies, 238, 239, 242
Suerkulov, Abdy, 141–42
Sufism, 22, 283, 288, 323, 360
Sufizoda, Muhammad, 86
Sugar, 76
Sughd
cultural identity (1991–present), 284,
285, 286, 289–90
Sughd (continued)
economic development (1991–present),
236, 244, 247
international community relations, 377,
381, 386
Islam, 352, 356–57, 358–59, 360
since independence (1992–2008), 224
Sukhozanet, Nikolai, 55
Sulaiman-Too Mountain, 5, 10, 20
Sulaimonova, Hadicha, 140
Sulieman, Caliph, 10
Sultanabad, 20
Sultan Mahmud Khan, 13, 34, 44
Sultan Murad, 37, 39–40
Sultanov, Izzat, 154
Sunnah, 308, 316, 323, 355
Surkh, 288
Surkhandarya, 113, 114
Suyumbaev, Ahmatbek, 142
Suzak, 45, 70
Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation (SDC), 377
Swiss Secretariat for Economic Affairs
(SECO), 377
Sydykbekov, T., 198
Sydykov, Usen, 142
Symtepe, 6
Syr Darya Framework Agreement for
1998–2003, 261
Syr Darya River
geographical boundary, ix, 3
international community relations,
377–78, 381–82
irrigated agriculture, 255, 258, 264,
265–66, 271
Khrushchev/Brezhnev era
(1950s–1980s), 145
Kokand Khanate (1709–1876), 31,
37–38, 50, 52–53, 54, 56
Russian colonization (1860–1917), 69, 70
Stalinism (1929–1953), 121
water resources, 259–61, 262, 268, 269,
271, 272, 273
T
Tabari, 23
Tablighi Dawat, 348–49
Tablighi Jamaat, 337
Taboshar, 148
Tafsir
, 305
Tagai, Ali Dust, 13
INDEX 437
Tahirid dynasty, 11
Tahti-Sulaiman Mountain, 108
Tajik Autonomous Region, 112
Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist
Republic, 113, 114
Tajikistan
border delineation (1917–1930), 112–14
civil war, 211–17, 281
Communist Party, 141, 142, 179–80,
187–88, 193–94
cultural identity (1991–present), 278–80,
281–83, 284–86, 287–90, 291
democracy, 187, 212, 214, 216, 221
economic development (1991–present),
232–33, 234, 236–37, 238, 239,
240, 241, 242, 243–44, 245, 246–49
agriculture, 241, 242
banking system, 238
foreign investment, 241
global financial crisis (2008), 248
income, 232–33, 244
industry, 243–44
labor force, 245–46
population, 246–47
privatization, 236
prospects, 248–49
taxation, 239
trends, 234
education, 126
geopolitical division, ix, xii
international community relations,
373–81, 382, 383, 384–85, 386–87
irrigated agriculture, 254–55, 266–68,
270–71
Islam, 126, 296, 306, 308, 315, 322, 345,
346, 347, 350, 351–61
Khrushchev/Brezhnev era (1950s–1980s),
141, 142, 143, 146, 147, 148, 149,
150, 151, 152, 155, 158, 165, 166,
167, 168, 170–71, 174
Kokand Khanate (1709–1876), 31, 57,
58, 64
language, 128–29
maps, x, xi
national identity, 124–25, 132–33, 186–87
perestroika (1985–1991), 179–80, 183–88,
193–94, 196, 197–98, 199–200
since independence (1992–2008), 205–6,
209, 211–17, 223, 224–28
Stalinism (1929–1953), 123, 124–25,
126, 128–29, 132–33, 134–36
tax rebellions, 64
Tajikistan (continued)
water resources, 259–60, 261–62,
264–65, 269–70, 272
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