Zahiriddin muhammad bobur nomidagi andijon davlat universiteti ingliz tili grammatikasi kafedrasi

LECTURE 12 (2 hours)
THEME: COMPARATIVE TYPOLOGY OF COLLATAXEMES AND PARATAXEMES IN MODERN ENGLISH AND UZBEK AND RUSSIAN

1. 
   Notion of a collataxeme and parataxeme and its definition in the compared languages.
   
2. 
   Structural Classification of polytaxemes (composite sentences) in the compared languages.
   
3. 
   Semantic Classification of polytaxemes (composite sentences) in the compared languages.
   
4. 
   Comparative qualitative typology of polytaxemes (composite sentences) in the compared languages.
   
5. 
   Comparative quantitative typology of polytaxemes (composite sentences) in the compared languages.
   
6. 
   The Isomorphic and allomorphic features of polytaxemes (composite sentences) in the compared languages.
   
7. 
   Conclusion.
   

Key words: sentence and sentenceme (utterance, proposeme, taxeme (monotaxeme, politaxeme), discourseme, binome, polinome), collataxeme, parataxeme, composite sentence, compound, complex, semi-complex, semi-compound sentences, composite sentence, structural classification of composite sentences, semantic classification of composite sentences, isomorphic and allomorphic features of composite sentences, comparativre quantitative typology of composite sentences, comparativre qualitative typology of composite sentences.

The course of the lecture:
In the languages compared, like a simple sentence, a composite sentence is a language unit consisting of at least two or three simple sehtences either coordinated or subordinated (or even co-sub-coordinated or sub-co-subordinated) . This universal definition proves right , if we recognize the three structural types of a composite sentence in the languages compared:

1. 
   Parataxeme (Compound) (with coordinated clauses):
   

I came late, but he came there on time
Мен кеч келдим, лекин у уз вактида у енрга келди.
Я пришел поздно, но он пришел туда вовремя-

2. 
   Hypotaxeme (Complex sentence) (with subordinated clauses):
   

If I come home, they will help me
Агар мен уйга келсам,улар менга ёрдам беришади/
Если я приду домой , они мпомогут мне.

3. 
   Hypertaxeme (mixed type of a Composite sentence):
   

When I come home , there will be nobody inside, but the dog will be barking.
Мен уйга келсам, ичкарида хеч ким бўлмайди, лекин ит ҳураётган бўлади.
Когда я приду домой, внутри никого не будет, но собака будет лаять.

In the compared languages there are such compound sentence subtypes as:

1. 
   Parataxeme (Compound sentence) with copulative coordination:
   
2. 
   Parataxeme (Compound sentence) with disjunctive coordination:
   
3. 
   Parataxeme (Compound sentence) with adversative coordination:
   
4. 
   Parataxeme (Compound sentence) with causative-consecutive coordination.
   

Our observations have shown that the compared languages have the same structural types of Hypotaxemes (Complex sentences) with:

1. 
   nominal (subject, predicative, object, attributive, appositive) clauses:
   
2. 
   adverbial (time, place, reason/cause, purpose, condition, concession, result, manner, comparison, measure and degree) clauses.
   

Besides that in the compared languages we have established such new types of composite sentences as:

5. 
   Parataxeme (Compound sentence) with a parenthetical clause:
   

1. 
   introductiory clause (As you know, we are poor)
   
2. 
   inserted clause (Jack, as you know, is a good specialist)
   
3. 
   postposed clause (Jack, is a good specialist, as you know,)
   

6. 
   Hypotaxeme (Complex sentence) with a supplementive clause (Jack(he is my friend) is at home now).
   
7. 
   Hypotaxeme (Complex sentence) with clauses of propotion(ality)
   

(The more you read, the more you know)
Now, let's see what is particular about the composite sentence systems of the languages compared in the matrix below, where there are both isomorphic and allomorphic features to be traced:

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