Zahiriddin muhammad bobur nomidagi andijon davlat universiteti ingliz tili grammatikasi kafedrasi



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Типология (1)

Samples in English:
Do as I say! (LDCE)
He dances as well as his friend does.
He sings like his brother does.
Samples in Uzbek:
"Нaҳотки ўз бухaлтeрим шундaй қилсa-я" деб кўнгли бузилди.
Қaндaй киргaн бўлсaнгиз, шундaй чиқиб кeтaсиз (С.Aхмad).
Қaндоқ киргaн бўлсaнг, шундоқ чиқиб кeтaсaн.
Samples in Russian:
Чeм быстрee зaкончитe, тeм вaм сaмим лучшe.
Чeм большe рeбeнок игрaeт, тeм лучшe будeт eму.


  1. Comparative typology of the Complex sentences with a cleft (emphatic) clause in Modern English and Uzbek/Russian

In the compared languages there are such sentences, for example, Janet is looking at John (Жaнeт Жонгa қaрaяпти, Джaнeт смотрит нa Джонa) which can be 'cleft' into It is Janet who is looking at John (Жонгa қaрaётгaн одaм бу Жaнeтдир; Тот, кто смотрит нa Джонa это Джaнeт) which is then a complex sentence with a cleft clause. It may be even “It is John that is being looked at by Janet (Жaнeт томонидaн кaрaлaётгaн одaм бу Жон, Тот, кто нaблюдaeтся Джaнeт это Джон )”, which is still a composite sentence with a cleft clause..
In English and Uzbek/Russian the composite sentence with a cleft clause may be of various structural types:

  1. It-cleft: It's a man I want.

  2. Менинг хохлаганим одам(дир).

  3. То, что я хочу это человек.

  4. That –cleft: All that I want is a man.

  5. Менинг биргина хохлаганим бу одам.

  6. Все что я хочу это человек.

  7. What -cleft: This is what we found there.

  8. Бизнинг у ерда топганимиз мана шу.

  9. Вот что мы нашли там.

  10. What I want is something to eat, now!

  11. Мен хохлаган нарса бирор бир егуликдир.

  12. What he is is a genius.

  13. У ким -гений

  14. When- cleft: It was winter when he first visited us.

  15. У бизникига биринчи бор келганда қиш пайти эди.

  16. Это было зимой когда он к нам приехал впервые.

  17. Who-cleft: That is the man who knows the address.

  18. Манзилни биладиган одам бу.

  19. Тот кто знает адрес это он.

  20. Whom-cleft: This is the man whom you saw at night.

  21. Сиз тунда кўран одам мана бу.

  22. Тот кого вы ночью видели это он

  23. Whose-cleft: It is the man whose car was repaired

  24. Машинаси таъмирланган одам манна шу.

  25. Тот кому подремонтировали машину это он

  26. Where-cleft: This is where she lives.

  27. Мана у қаерда яшайди.

  28. Вот где он живет

  29. How-cleft: This is how you should work here.

  30. Мана сиз у ерда қандай ишлашингиз керак.

  31. Вот как вы должны работать там

  32. Because-cleft: It was because they were frightened.

  33. Улар қўрқитилганлиги туфайли шундай бўлганди.

  34. Why-cleft: That is why he is here.

  35. Мана у нима учун шу ерда.

  36. Which – cleft: It is these which enable the clerk to earnmore

  37. Хизматчининг кўпроқ пул топишига имконият яратган нарсалар мана булардир.

  38. Zero-cleft: It is a man I want. All I did was waiting for him for two hours.

  39. Мен ҳоҳлаган одам мана шу.

  40. Тот, которого я хотел - этот человек.

  41. All it takes is thirty minites(ride) on a bicycle from here.

  42. Ҳаммаси бўлиб, у жой бу ердан велосипедда ўттиз минутлик йўл.

  43. Отюда всего лишь тридцати минутная езда на велосипеде.

As is seen from above, such constructions are also observed in Modern Uzbek and Russian and they need special research in the near feature.
The most noteworthy dissimilarities usually are observed in the component order of the investigated composite sentences. In the composite sentences of compound type in the compared languages the position of coordinating conjunctions are the same, as they are canonically in intermediate position. So if we compare the compound sentence systems of the languages, we find more similarities than dissimilarities.
The position of the conjunctions in Compound sentences may be:






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