‘This is a wonderful book that should be on the desk of every architect and planner. It shows how


Could we just conduct a roadmap of wider sustainability issues?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

Could we just conduct a roadmap of wider sustainability issues?
This is unlikely, as we always seem to start with a solution in mind. For example, there was a roadmap 
of water issues in Australia that began with the proposition that we need to have market-based 


173
Futures Thinking Tools
solutions for dealing with water issues.
10
This was despite the fact that, when water trading was first 
implemented a decade before in Australia, it failed because water was over-allocated. And now water 
rights for the environment will need to be bought back with public funds. The environment was 
given a lesser allocation than it needed, because ecological carrying capacity was undervalued. The 
water roadmap reflected tacit acceptance of the idea that environmental services are ‘substitutable’. It 
did not really consider restoring environmental flows to original conditions, even though this might 
ultimately be the most efficient, cost-effective alternative. Collective action in the public interest 
is not seen as a realistic option as, supposedly, the market works its magic through competitive 
individualism. This follows the planning mantra that if we have the ‘process’ right – currently market-
based vehicles – we do not have to design sustainable pathways or new destinations. If we are on 
the right road, so to speak, we assume we can put the car on cruise control. Conveniently, if an 
automated system happens to picks winners and losers, it must be ‘apolitical’ by definition. After 
all, markets and trading mechanisms do not ‘think’, and therefore cannot collude. It is a matter of 
faith that a system for making the best tradeoffs is embedded in the market-based trading process 
[Box 41]. That is, the market appears to make the political tradeoffs for us apolitically. The danger 
is that an agenda that cannot be achieved through the market, such as sustainability, will ultimately 
be stalled or sacrificed.

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