of the child Jesus in the temple by Simeon according to Luke 2:28 (cf. Gen
48:14–20). Because the parents are not mentioned Matthew’s text reads as if
the disciples’ rebuke is addressed directly to the children, and that is quite
possible if the children were old enough to be independently mobile; Jesus’
response suggests that it was the children themselves that the disciples tried
to turn away. But we might also think of the parents who had initiated the
approach and who are implied by the passive “were brought.” The disciples’
motive is not explained, but Jesus’ response in v. 14 suggests that they are
wrongly assuming that children have no claim on their master’s attention.
Their memories are short: their attitude could hardly be more opposite to
“welcoming a child in the name of Jesus,” 18:5.
14–15 Children matter in the kingdom of heaven, which can be entered only
by those who are like children and where those of the lowest status are the
great ones (18:3–4). Here, as in 18:2, it is literal children who focus the issue,
but here too, as in 18:5, the use of “such” rather than “these” indicates that
the thought is broader than the literal children who are present in the
narrative setting. Those who are to be welcomed and encouraged in Jesus’
name include also those who are spiritually in the position of children, the
unimportant, the dependent, the vulnerable; the statement that the
kingdom of heaven belongs to such people reminds us of 5:3, 10, where the
same statement is made about the “poor in spirit” and the persecuted. To
keep such people away from Jesus is to run a risk worse than being
drowned with a millstone (18:6).
The laying on of hands as a mark of blessing appears in a variety of biblical
contexts. In this gospel we have met it in relation to healing (9:18, and cf.
“touch” in 8:3, 15; 9:29) and in 17:7 Jesus’ touch brought reassurance in panic.
Laying on of hands for healing is mentioned also in Mark 6:5; 7:32; 8:23, 25;
Luke 4:40; 13:13; Acts 9:12, 17; 28:8. But the gesture is also appropriate for
commissioning someone for a special responsibility (Acts 6:6; 13:3; 1 Tim 4:14;
5:22; 2 Tim 1:6) and for conveying the gift of the Spirit (Acts 8:17–19; 19:6) and
it apparently held an unspecified place in the regular ministry of at least one
branch of early Christianity (Heb 6:2). In view of this wide usage it is not
appropriate to look for any more specific significance here than as a mark of
blessing to accompany prayer. This pericope thus has no direct bearing on the
issue of whether young children should be baptized, though those who debate
that issue need to be sure that their conclusions and their practice enshrine an
appropriate welcome to children to whom “the kingdom of heaven belongs,” and
do not turn them away.
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