Study Notes management accounting acca f2


At EOQ:  Total annual holding cost = Total annual ordering cost  Assumptions/Limitations of EOQ model



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Study Notes MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ACCA F

At EOQ: 
Total annual holding cost = Total annual ordering cost 
Assumptions/Limitations of EOQ model

 
Demand is constant throughout the year. 

 
Lead time is constant or zero (for example suppliers are reliable) 

 
Purchase price per unit is constant (for example no bulk discounts) 

 
Holding cost per unit will be constant per annum. 

 
Ordering cost per order will be constant 

 
No safety stock 

 
Average stock concept 

 
Ignore any uncertainty. 
 
EOQ formula is 
Where, 
Co: cost of placing one order 
D: expected annual sale (demand) 
Ch

 
cost of holding one item of stock for one year 
Total annual costs = Total annual purchase cost + Total annual ordering cost +Total annual holding 
cost
No. of orders
= D/EOQ 
Frequency of orders
= EOQ/D x 365 (if required in days) 
Annual ordering cost 
= No. of orders x Co 
Annual holding cost
= (EOQ/2 + Safety stock) x Ch 
Annual Purchase cost = D x Purchase Price 
 
 
 
 


F2 Management Accounting
Page 20 of 147 
EOQ GRAPH
The total costs are at a minimum for an order quantity at point Q, which is EOQ.
It is also a point where the holding cost curve intersects with the ordering cost curve. 
BULK PURCHASE / LARGE ORDER DISCOUNTS
Frequently, discount will be offered for ordering in large quantities. When bulk discounts are available we 
have two options; take advantage of discount by ordering a larger quantity or ignore the discount offer and 
go for economic order quantity. We take decision based on mathematical calculation.
We choose the option under which the sum of three costs; total purchase cost, total inventory holding cost 
and total inventory ordering cost, is minimised. The total cost under two options is compared at following 
level: 
● Pre-discount EOQ level. 
● Minimum order size to earn discount 
If total cost is minimised at pre-EOQ level then discount offer should be ignored outright and vice versa. 

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