Study Notes management accounting acca f2


Reorder level = Maximum Usage x Maximum lead time



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Study Notes MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ACCA F

Reorder level = Maximum Usage x Maximum lead time
Lead time: 
Lead time is the time between placing the order and receiving the goods. 
▪ 
Maximum Level: 
This identifies the maximum quantity of stock to keep. It avoids cost of over-
stocking. 
 
Maximum level = Reorder level + Reorder quantity – (Minimum usage x Minimum lead time)
Reorder quantity: 
Reorder quantity is the number of units of stock ordered each time when re-order 
level is reached. If it is set so as to minimize the total costs associated with holding and ordering 
stock, then it is known as EOQ.
▪ 
Minimum Level: 
This is the lowest quantity of stock that should be kept. This level warns the danger 
of stock-out. When stock reaches this level, emergency action will have to be taken to avoid stock-
out. 
Minimum level = Reorder level – (Average usage x Average lead time)
 
Note: Buffer Stock/Safety Stock will also be calculated using Minimum Level Formula. 


F2 Management Accounting
Page 18 of 147 
It is also important to understand the concept of average stock for stock control purpose: 
▪ 
Average Stock: 
Average stock is the average between the minimum stock level and the highest 
possible stock level. 
Average stock = Safety stock + ½ reorder quantity
Safety stocks (or buffer stocks)
are level of units maintained in case there is unexpected demand. 
STOCK COSTS
Stock costs include purchase costs, holding costs, ordering costs and stock-out costs. 
▪ 
Stock-out cost: 
If stock is kept too low, there is a risk of stock-out, for example production stoppage, 
loss of customer goodwill, loss of sales, labour idle time and extra cost for urgent re-orders.

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