Study Notes management accounting acca f2



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Study Notes MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ACCA F

 
▪ 
Purchase cost: 
The cost of buying the material. This is the largest cost faced by an organization and 
once purchased, stock has to be carefully controlled and checked. It can be reduced through availability 
of bulk purchase discounts.
▪ 
Holding cost: 
The costs incurred in keeping and storing stock, for example interest charges, 
insurances, electricity and water, storekeeper's wages and risk of obsolescence, pilferage and 
deterioration. A company has to make a balance between keeping the stock for production and having 
an amount of working capital tied up in stock. It can be reduced through ordering less quantity in an 
order. Reasons of holding stock are:
 
● To ensure sufficient quantity is available to meet future demand. 
● To meet future shortage of required material. 
● To avail bulk purchase discounts. 
● To avoid blockage in production process. 
● To avoid stock-out costs.
▪ 
Ordering cost: 
The costs involved in ordering, receiving and paying for stock for example administrative 
costs for contacting supplier to place an order, transport costs, filing paper works, receiving goods, 
checking quantities and paying invoices. It can be reduced through ordering more quantity per order. 


F2 Management Accounting
Page 19 of 147 
The cost should be considered when determining optimum stock level consists of holding costs and 
ordering costs. To maintain stock at optimum level and to minimise cost, the total costs of holding and 
ordering stock a company can 

Order in large quantity by placing a few orders 

Order in small quantity and placing many orders 

The aim of stock control is to minimize stock costs. 
ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ)
The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is the optimized order size/ quantity that will result in minimum total 
annual cost. In other words, it is the most economic stock replenishment order size which minimizes stock 
costs. 

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