Reflection of the emotional world of a person in english praseological units dissertation

Reflection of the problem of emotivity in modern research on phraseology

The conceptual sphere of each language includes units that characterize the emotional area of the personality. Variety of emotional states and experiences, relationships and their manifestations attract the attention of numerous researchers. The fact that the emotional is present atall levels of language does not cause anyone to object. And the statement that "the linguistic aspect of the study of forms of expression of emotions involves the analysis of all levels of the language system: word-formation, morphological, syntactic, lexical" (N. B. Shvelidze. 1997.11) is accepted by all unconditionally. However, the acceptance of the thesis on the multidimensional nature of the linguistic categories of emotivity presupposes a serious theoretical basis. And it must be stated that it is still in the formative stage, although there are serious and in-depth works on the theory of emotives. Already in the works of V.V.Vinogradov, E.M.Galkina-Fedoruk, A.A.Ufimtseva, Yu.M.Lotman, L.V.Vasiliev, V.G.Gak, D.N.Shmelev, O.A. Akhmanova, V.I.Bolotov there were many interesting arguments about words denoting people's emotions. The work was important for us D.N.Shmeleva "Essays on the semasiology of the Russian language" (1964), where the scientist classifies emotionally significant words. D.N.Shmelev suggests "to distinguish, firstly, words that themselves denote certain emotions and experiences, have emotional and evaluative meanings; secondly, words, emotional the significance of which is created with the help of word-formative means; and, thirdly, words whose proper lexical meaning contains a certain assessment of the phenomena they designate" (D.N.Shmelev, 1964, 106-107). And although the scientist classified lexemes, and for phraseological units, several types can be distinguished that are directly correlated with certain emotions, denoting and evaluating them, expressing an emotional outburst, etc. At the same time, the remark of A.N. Leontiev is important, emphasizing that the peculiarity of emotions is that they are not a mental reflection of the objective reality itself, but perform the role of internal signals reflecting the "evaluative personal attitude of the subject to emerging or possible activities and their manifestations in them" (A.N.Leontiev.1971,37). The scientist's remark is important in the light of the new role that a person is assigned to cognition of the surrounding reality, its evaluation and conceptual representation in language.

If we review the literature devoted to phraseological problems, then first of all it is necessary to note the monograph by V.N.Telia "Russian phraseology. Semantic, pragmatic and linguoculturological aspects" (1996), where phraseological units are considered from different positions, but as a phenomenon of cultural and linguistic nature, reflecting the specifics of thinking and reflection in stable units of a certain linguistic and cultural community. The cultural and national specificity of phraseological units is studied by M.L.Kovshova, who considers cognitive aspects to be the main ones when considering stable combinations (M.L.Kovshova. 1996). The problem of bases and boundaries of phraseology is considered in the work B.I.Postovalova, which takes into account the personal factor in the perception, evaluation and use of stable units (V.I.Postovalov. 1999). However, we have to state that there are much more highly specialized works devoted to one aspect of the consideration of phraseological units. And this is more typical of the research of young scientists. M.Y.Dementieva observed phraseological units and words that characterize a person's condition in different financial situations (M.Y.Dementieva. 2002). E.V.Nikolina described somatic phraseological units characterizing a person "saddened", "in a good mood", "envious", "scared", "lost his mind", etc. (E.V.Nikolina. 2002). D.V.Yurchenko was engaged in establishing the usual and occasional use of phraseological units (proverbs), the influence of context on the expansion of the component composition of the phraseological unit (D.V. Yurchenko. 2001). I.V.Zykova noted that in the semantics of phraseological units that do not contain a gender component, an emotive one may also be present element expressing ridicule, sympathy, contempt, accusation, trust, etc. (I.V.Zykova. 2002).
N.B.Shvelidze's work examines phraseological units with the meaning of emotions in the Russian language. This study contains a comprehensive analysis of the FE, including not only semantic characteristics, but also structural and grammatical analysis of phraseological units with access to the functional aspect. According to the researcher, the semantic field of phraseological units with the meaning of emotions is represented by a group of emotional state and a group of emotional attitude of a person (N.B.Shvelidze. 1997,15-17).
There are works of a comparative plan, where phraseological units with The Su meaning of the emotional state of a person is considered in terms of their relationship with phrases and sentences of Russian and German (I.V.Mikhailova. 2001), English and Tatar (F.H.Tarasov.1999),English Turkish (N.Sh.Shammaeva. 1994). However, the grammatical "bias" of these studies, the confusion of concepts of the emotional and expressive order, the narrowness of the object of observation indicate how much more needs to be done to solve the problem of describing phraseological units that characterize the emotional state of a person. Let us highlight the research of M.K. Khudaiberganova, who believesthat emotions are one of the most important qualities of a person, therefore, the scope of concepts related to the emotional state should be studied quite deeply and seriously. But at the same time, it is limited to observations of verbal phraseological units of the state of the face and the face. VPU with a state value are considered in five semantic classes: 1) intellectual; 2) physical; 3) emotional; 4) moral condition of the person; and 5) mixed group of VPU. It is important for the researcher to compare English and Uzbek phraseological units, but there is no comprehensive analysis of their structural and semantic features.
Without detracting from the merits of M.K. Khudaiberganova's work, we note that the author compares only 21 phraseologisms with the meaning of the emotional state of the face and face in English and Uzbek, which, of course, does not reflect the general content of the class of PU with the expression of the emotional state of a person, our work aims at a comprehensive description of English phraseological units characterizing the emotional state Of course, there are other works on the study of emotives, oriented to account for their functioning. Research N.P.Suchkova examines stereotypical evaluative replicas – reactions in English colloquial speech. The evaluative elements are the words good and bad and their emotional (colloquial) synonyms, as well as constructions with the general evaluative words true, fair, interesting, dull, funny, ridiculous, etc., in which the assessment can be derived from descriptive signs (N.P.Suchkova.1988).
B monographs I.A.Kolesnichenko investigates prosodic characteristics of replicas of pejorative emotional-evaluative semantics in English dialogic speech. It is indicated that such remarks quite often contain lies, obscenity, insult, pretense, threat. schadenfreude, rudeness, cynicism, etc. (I.A. Kolesnichenko. 1986).
V. I. Bolotov's dissertation is devoted to the study of the theory of the emotional impact of the text, identifying the causes and means of its emotional impact. The approach to the study of emotional impact is mainly onomasiological in nature. In the work, a distinction is made between speech means that cause positive aesthetic emotions (a sense of beauty) and means that cause negative emotions and comic effect (V.I.Bolotov.1986).
The thematization of emotions in the whole text is carried out in the work of T.V.Adamchuk (1996). The author considers the complex thematization of three emotions: "joy", "surprise", "irritation". For each of them T.V.Adamchuk establishes the features of implementation in the text. However, we are confused by the fact that the scientist operates with the emotion "surprise", although it would be more correct to use the concept of "surprise".
The object of O.E.Filimonova's observations is the category of emotivity in the English text. Personal letters, memoirs, essays and folk tales are considered as the research material. The functioning of this category can be traced at the level of the text from the standpoint of cognitive and communicative linguistics (O.E.Filimonova. 2001, 3-8).
E.F.Khandamova's interest is directed to the study of conflict psychoemotional states. The methodological principles of the description of the semiotic embodiment of psychoemotional states of consciousness in written speech are set out, linguistic ways of implementing affective states are established (E.F.Khandamova. 2002, 3-14).
As can be seen from the analysis, in most cases linguists, considering the representation of emotions in language, pay primary attention to the study of classes of words or individual lexemes naming emotions, or prefer to associate the concept of emotivity with evaluativeness and often limit emotive vocabulary to words naming emotions.Studies devoted to observations of the peculiarities of phraseological units denoting emotions have approximately the same character. Studies of such linguists as E.V.Nikolina (1998), T.A.Matuzova (2001), D.V.Yurchenko can be attributed to works of this kind (1999), I.K.Shcherbakova (2001), I.V.Ospanova (1999) and many others. The main attention is paid to the correlation of the core component of phraseology with a certain part of speech and, accordingly, verbal or nominal phraseological units are studied, their groupings based on the form of the distributor or the number of such distributors, on the basis of semantic generality (meaning "joy", "anger", "surprise", etc.), on the basis of motivation, etc.
We especially want to note that English phraseological units have recently been the object of research by Uzbek scientists. To.Nazarov, in, considering English phraseological units with an onomastic component, establishes structural and semantic similarities and differences with the correlated units of the German and Russian languages (K.Nazarov.1980). G.M.Ataeva focuses on interjective phraseological units and determines the parameters by which they should be presented in dictionaries (G.M.Ataeva.1988). In J. Matyakubov's phraseological
research , attention is drawn to the peculiarities of human characteristics by zoonyms in English and Uzbek (J.Matyakubova. 1996). The paradigmatic relations of English phraseological units of the verb type were studied by L.S.Umirova (2004), and their textual implementation is presented on the examples of poetic texts by A. Ismailov (2001). A significant contribution to the theory of the study of phraseological units can be considered the doctoral dissertation of T.A.Bushuy "Contrastive lexicography in the level interpretation of the phraseology of the source language" (2000). Even from this small review of the works of Uzbek scientists, one can imagine the breadth of interests and approaches to the study of English phraseological units. At the same time, the "specialization" of the observations is striking: zoonyms, complex words, interjections, etc. as part of phraseological units. This, of course, on the one hand, allows for a deep and comprehensive study of a specific object, but, on the other hand, indicates how many unexplored facts remain in the field of English phraseology. And again we can emphasize that there has not been a serious and systematic description of English phraseological units with the meaning of the emotional state of a person in Uzbek linguistics, and more broadly in the studies of Russian scientists.
Based on the study of the literature on the problem of emotionality, and in particular the representation of emotives in the form of concepts realized in phraseological units, it can be argued that there are no works exploring English phraseological units that characterize the emotional state of a person as a representative of his mentality and a certain linguistic and cultural community.
In our work phraseological units are considered as a linguistic form concepts reflecting the uniqueness of the assessment of the surrounding reality from the point of view of the emotional state of a person as a representative of the culture of his people and his ideas about spiritual values, moral qualities, the normativity of mental reaction to certain social, cultural, situational influences.

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