1-variant 1The subject matters of Lexicology

3. Context and its types.

The meaning which is not dependent on context is the major (or basic) meaning of the word and the meanings which are dependent on the context are minor meanings. By context we mean the minimal stretch of speech determining each individual meaning of the word. Ex. “to make” means “to produce smth”. This is its basic meaning but other meanings are minor meanings because they can be found only in a context.The meaning of a word may be determined either by its lexical or by its grammatical context. Ex. the verb “to take” in such lexical distributions as: take+tea (coffee, medicine) -its meaning is пить (ишиу); take+care -заботиться (2àìõîðëû3 åòè7); take+of - раздеваться (шешиниу) ; to take + tram, the metro, a bus- сесть на ......(трамвайга, автобуска отырыу); The meaning “больной” of the adjective “ill” is brought out only by a syntactical pattern in which “ill” is used as a predicative (ex.the man is ill) while the syntactical pattern in which the word “ill” is used as an attribute, brings out the meaning- плохой (жаман) вредний an ill man - плохой человек (жаман адам).

4.

Smoke+fog---- smog

Slang + language---- ?? Tusinbedim

Glare + gaze ----- stare

5.

1. -er, -or, -dom

2. -ment,-ness, -tion

3.- ance(ence), -ship

4. -ist, -ian, -ics

5. -al, -ing, -ism