Tasks in Cultural Linguistics Task 1

Activity 2. Watch the video and classify these speech acts according to Searla’s classification


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Td4JUa-Q14k

1. 
   You are hired!
   
2. 
   Well done!
   
3. 
   Can you get the door?
   
4. 
   Wait until your father gets home
   

Activity 3. Divide students into groups and each group will discuss the types of acts: Locutionary, illocutionary, perlocutionary acts, felicity conditions, essential conditions. While discussing, ss should fill take their notes in the following table

Define the act	example	Different features from other act types

Read the information and fill in the table in your own words

1. 
   Locutionary act: the production of an utterance, with a particular intended structure, meaning, and reference (It is raining outside.).
   

2. 
   Illocutionary act: an act performed by a speaker in saying something (with an appropriate intention and in an appropriate context), rather than by virtue of having produced a particular effect by saying something. For instance, if someone says I order you to leave now they have performed the act of ordering, simply by virtue of having uttered the words, whether or not the addressee acts in the desired way. The illocutionary act refers to the fact that when we say something, we usually say it with some purpose in mind. In other words, an illocutionary act refers to the type of function the speaker intends to fulfill, or the action the speaker intends to accomplish in the course of producing an utterance; it is also an act defined within a system of social conventions. In short, it is an act accomplished in speaking. Examples of illocutionary acts include accusing, apologizing, blaming, congratulating, declaring war, giving permission, joking, marrying, nagging, naming, promising, ordering, refusing, swearing, and thanking. Every illocutionary act has a particular ‘illocutionary force’. This may be explicitly signalled by the use of a performative verb such as beg, promise, command, suggest, congratulate, or thank, or a particular grammatical form, as in Go away!, Have you seen Pete?, or it may be implicit, in which case it must be inferred, largely on the basis of contextual evidence. For instance, an utterance such as You will never see me again may function, in different circumstances, as a threat, a promise, a simple statement of fact, or a prediction. Illocutionary force is frequently conveyed by an ‘illocutionary force indicating device’ (IFID), the most direct and conventional type of which is an explicit performative verb.