Study Notes management accounting acca f2



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Study Notes MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ACCA F

Other Costing Techniques 
 

ACTIVITY BASED COSTING 
Activity-based costing (ABC) is an alternative approach to the traditional method of absorption costing. 
The traditional method of overhead absorption effectively absorbs on a production volume basis and may 
be misleading for costs where the behaviour is not directly related to production volume. 
ABC approach is to link overhead costs to the products or services that cause them by absorbing 
overhead costs on the basis of activities that 
‘drive’ 
costs 
(cost drivers) 
rather than on the basis of 
production volume. 
 
Cost pool
: A cost pool is an activity that consumes resources and for which overhead costs are identified 
and allocated.
For each cost pool, there should be a cost driver. A group of costs having the same cost 
driver 
 
Cost drivers:
Any factor which causes a change in the cost of an activity. A cost driver is a unit of activity 
that consumes resources.
An alternative definition of a cost driver is a factor influencing the level of cost. 
 
Examples of cost driver and cost pool
Cost pool 
Cost driver 
Purchasing department costs 
number of purchase orders made 
Maintenance costs 
number of machine breakdowns 
Production control costs 
number of production runs 
Quality control costs 
Ordering costs 
Dispatch costs 
Material handling cost 
number of inspections carried out 
number of purchase orders 
number of customer orders 
number of production runs 
 
Reasons behind the development of ABC 

 
Traditional method of absorption costing was developed in a time when most organizations produce 
only 

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