5. Conclusion and discussion
5.1 Conclusion
Literature describing the influence of ICT-enabled NWW on the organizational structure and
culture mainly focuses on the business environment. To determine the changes in the organizational
structure and culture of the academic environment, expert interviews have been carried out.
Although respondents vary enormously in their opinions, it may generally be concluded that
the effect of time and place independence of work on the academic organization will be less drastic
than it is on organizations in the business environment. In academic organizations, hierarchies are
already at a low level. The liaison function is claimed to be less present due to the already high
autonomy of academics. There is already less organizational attachment since academics are more
connected to co-scientists in their field of expertise and academics work a lot from home already.
Departments are claimed to be little organizations for themselves, making a change in department
forming due to potentially more informal behavior almost impossible. Academics are already
controlled on their output rather than their presence. There seems to be an increasing training
necessity. However, training primarily needs to be focused on creating change-readiness, since
academics are claimed to be very conservative and stubborn, creating resistance to change. The
academic organizational structure and culture thus already seems to be equipped according to NWW.
Some respondents even claim NWW is invented within the academic environment.
However, this is not visible in most current academic office workplaces. Academic
organizations generally have privately owned territorial offices, allocated by hierarchical status.
Some respondents have reported that when (academic) organizational structure/culture changes,
the (academic) office workplace automatically needs to change as well. Since they do not see the
academic organization change that much, this implies the academic office workplace will not change
either. Given the fact that business organizations change their workplace design when implementing
NWW, the question is: does the current academic office workplace really suit the academic
organizational structure and culture? When asked about the academic office workplace of the future,
respondents have reported various wide-scaled future visions, ranging from a disappearance of the
university as physical anchor to no change at all. However, most respondents have reported that the
academic office workplace will change towards an area with concentration or focus rooms combined
with spaces for meeting, collaboration, and knowledge sharing. Respondents disagree whether there
will still be privately owned territorial offices or that everything becomes non-territorial.
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