Personal pronouns (kishilik olmoshlari)

2. a) Who so’roq olmoshi kishilar haqida savol so’raganda ishlatiladi va who bilan asosan egaga savol beriladi. Birlikdagi egaga ham ko’plikdagi egaga ham who bilan savol berilaveradi: Who is going with me? Men bilan kim bormoqchi? Who are the people over there? Ana u yerdagi odamlar kim?
b) Who olmoshi bilan egaga savol berilganda yordamchi fe’l egadan oldinga chiqmaydi. Gap darak gap shaklida bo’ladi: Who is singing? Kim kuylayapti? Who came yesterday? Kecha kim keldi?
3. Who olmoshining tushum kelishigidagi shakli “whom”dir. Yani gapdagi to’ldiruvchiga savol berishda whom ishlatiladi (agar u shaxs bo’lsa): He saw Anvar yesterday. Whom did he see yesterday? U kech kimni ko’rdi?
Lekin: a) Hozirgi ingliz tilida “whom”ning o’rniga ham “who” ishlatilmoqda. Agar who so’roq olmoshidan keyin ega bo’lsa va yordamchi fe’l egadan oldinga chiqqan bo’lsa unda “who”ni “kimni yoki kimga” deb tarjima qilish lozim: Who did he see yesterday? U kecha kimni ko’rdi? Who did you give the message? Sen xatni kimga berding?
b) Whom olmoshi predlog bilan ham kelishi mumkin: To whom did you give the messaga? Sen xatni kimga berding? Of whom are you thinking? Kim haqida o’ylayapsan?
4. Whose olmoshi gapdagi egalik olmoshlariga va qaratqich kelishigidagi otlarga savol berish uchun ishlatiladi: My book is new. Wwhose book is new? Kimning kitobi yangi? Anvar’s room is large. Whose room is large? Kimning xonasi keng?
5. a) What olmoshi biror predmet yoki ish-harakatning nimaligini so’rash uchun ishlatiladi: What is this? Bu nima? What are you doing? Nima qilayapsan?
b) What olmoshi gapda sifatlovchi olmosh vazifasida ham kelib, aniqlovchi vazifasini bajarishi va “qanday, qanday turdagi” deb ham tarjima qilinishi mumkin: What languages do you know? Qanday tillarni bilasiz? (I know the English language). What car do you have? Qanday turdagi mashinangiz bor?
c) “qanday, qanday turdagi” ma’nolarida “What kind of” va “What sort of” birikmalri ham ishlatilishi mumkin: What kind of car have you got? Qanday turdagi mashinangiz bor?