Мuzaffar Choriyev Мuхаmmаdi G‘opporov

Mustaqil infinitivli birikma

Ingliz tilida bosh kelishikdagi ot va infini-tivdan iborat birikma uchraydi. Bunday bi-rikmalar mustaqil infinitivli birikma deyi-ladi. Bu birikmadagi ot infinitiv ifodalagan ish-harakatning bajaruvchisi yoki shu ish harakat ta’siridagi shaxs yoki buyumdir.

The sellers offered the buyers 5,000 tons of gas oil, delivery to be made in October.. The buyers requested the sellers to keep them informed of the position of the vessel, the communications to be addressed to their agents.

GERUND

Umumiy ma’lumotlar
1. Gerund fe’lning fe’llik va otlik xususiyatiga ega bo‘lgan shaklidir. Gerundda infinitivga qaraganda otlik xususiyati ko‘proq. O‘zbek tilida gerundga harakat nomi to‘g‘ri keladi.

ega bo‘lib keladi	Reading is her favouraite occupation.
ot – kesim tarkibida keladi:	Her greatest pleasure is reading.
fe’l kesim tarkibida keladi:	He finished reading it.
vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:	I remember reading it.
Predlogli vositali to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:	I am fond of reading.
Aniqlovchi bo‘lib keladi:	I had the pleasure of reading in the newspaper of your success.
hol bo‘lib keladi	After reading the letter I put it into the drawer.
Predlog olishi mumkin, egalik olmoshi yoki qaratqich kelishigidagi ot bilan kelishi mumkin:	I think of going to the south in the autumn. We insisted on their chartering a vessel at once. We objected to the buyer’s paying only part of the invoice amount.
Gerund vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi olishi mumkin:	I remember reading this book.
Gerund ravish bilan aniqlanishi mumkin.	He likes reading aloud.

c) Gerund zamon va nisbat shakllariga ega bo‘ladi:

	Active	Passive
Simple Perfect	reading having read	being read having been read