Мuzaffar Choriyev Мuхаmmаdi G‘opporov

Gerundning predloglardan keyin kelishi

1.

Predlog talab qiluvchi ko‘pgina fe’llardan, sifatlardan , sifatdoshlardan va otlardan keyin gerund ishlatiladi va predlogli vositali to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:

I am fond of reading. When do you think of going there? We insisted on being informed by cable of the arrival of the ship. The exporters succeeded in chartering a steamer of the required size. He felt satisfaction in helping them. There is no harm in doing that. Did you find any difficulty in solving this problem? There is no sense in going there today.

Verb + Preposition + Gerund

accuse of ­-da ayblamoq approve of -ni qo‘llab-quvvatlamoq be better off yaxshisi confess to bo‘yniga olmoq, tan olmoq consist in -dan iborat bo‘lmoq count on ­-ga ishonmoq depend on -iga tobe ( bog‘liq) bo‘lmoq disapprove of -ni ma’qullamaslik be engaged in bilan shug’ullanmoq get used to -ga ko’nikmoq give up tashlamoq (yomon odatni) hear of -ni eshitmoq insist on talab qilmoq

be interested in -ga qiziqmoq keep on davom ettirmoq look forward to -ni umid qilmoq object to -ga e’tiroz bildirmoq persist in sabot ko’rsatmoq prevent in oldini olmoq, xalaqit bermoq put off orqaga surmoq rely on -ga ishonmoq result in hosil bo‘lmoq spend in bilan o‘tkazmoq succeed in -ga muvaffaq bo‘lmoq suspect of -da gumon qilmoq think about -ni o’y- think of lamoq worry about -dan tashvishlanmoq

You would be better off leaving now instead of tomorrow.	Mary insisted on taking the bus instead of the plane.
Fred confessed to stealing the jewels.	We are interested in buying your goods.
John gave up smoking because of his doctor’s advice.	We are not looking forward to going back

Adjective (Participle) + Preposition + Gerund

accustomed to -ga o‘rgangan afraid of -dan qo‘rqmoq capable of -ga qobil disappointed at -dan hafsalasi pir fond of -ni sevmoq intent on -da sabotli

interested in -ga qiziquvchi proud of -dan g‘ururla-nuvchi responsible for -ga ma’suliyatli successful in –da omadli surprised at -dan ajablangan tired of -dan charchagan

We are accustomed to sleeping late on weekends.	Alvaro is intent on finishing school next year.
Mitch is afraid of getting married now.	Craig is fond of dancing.
Jean is not capable of understanding the predicament.	We are interested in seeing this film.

Yuqoridagi ba’zi sifat va sifatdoshlardan keyin gerund ham, infinitiv ham ishlatilishi mumkun:

I am proud of being a citizen of Russia.= I am proud to be a citizen of Rissia.

Men Rossiya fuqarosi bo‘lishdan faxrlanaman.

Noun + Preposition + Gerund

Art of -da mahorat Astonishment at -dan hayratga tushish Apology for uchun uzr Choice of tanlangan narsa Disappointment at hafsalasi pir bo‘lish Excuse for -dan bahona Experience in -da tajriba Fear of -dan qo‘rquv Habit of -da ko‘nikma Hope of -dan umid Idea of fikr, g‘oya importance of muhimlik Intention of -ga qasd qilish Interest in -ga qiziqish Means of -ning vositasi

Method for uchun uslub (method of) necessity of -da zarurat objection to -ga e’tiroz opportunity of -ga qulay imkoniyat plan for uchun reja pleasure of -dan rohatlanish Possibility of -ga imkoniyat Preparation for uchun tayyorgarlik Problem of -ning muammosi Process of -ning jarayoni Reason for uchun sabab Right of huquqi Skill in -da mahorat Surprise at -dan ajablanish Way of -ning yo’li (vositasi)

George has no excuse for dropping out of school.	Connie has developed a method for evaluating this problem.
There is a possibility of acquiring this property at a good price.	There is no reason for leaving this early.

Izoh: Gerund fe’l yoki sifatdan yasalgan otni aniqlab kelganda, otdan keyin u yasalgan fe’l yoki sifatdan keyin keladigan predlog keladi, vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi talab qiladigan fe’ldan yasalgan otdan keyin esa of predlogi ishlatiladi:

Have you any objections to signing this document?

Bu hujjatni imzolashga e’tirozingiz bormi?

To object fe’li to predlogini talab qilgani uchun objection oti ham o‘zidan keyin to predlogini talab qiladi.

He expressed his surprise at meeting her there.

U uni u yerda ko‘rib ajablandi

Surprise otidan keyin at predlogi ishlatiladi, chunki surprised sifatidan keyin at predlogi keladi.

There is no fear of damaging the goods if they are packed in this manner.

Tovarlar (mollar) ushbu usulda o‘ralsa, ularning nobud bo‘lishidan xavotirlanmasa ham bo‘ladi.

Fear otidan keyin of predlogi ishlatiladi, chunki fear fe’li o‘zidan keyin vositasiz to‘ldiruvchini talab qiladi.

Gerund orqasidan for predlogini oluvchi ko‘pgina otlarning orqasidan o‘sha otga aniqlovchi bo‘lib keladi va o‘sha buyumning nima maqsadda ishlatilishini bildiradi:	A thermometer is an instrument for measuring temperature. This is an airplane for transporting goods.
Gerund bilan bir qatorda infinitiv ham oldidan kelgan otga aniqlovchi bo‘lib kelishi mumkin:	The charterers have the right of loading ( = the right to load) the steamer at night time. I have no intention of doing it ( = no intention to do it).
Gerund gapda hol bo‘lib keladi: a) on (upon) keyin, -da, after keyin, before –dan oldin, in -da, ichida predloglari bilan payt holi bo‘lib keladi:	On finding that the engine was working badly, the pilot was obliged to land. After saying this he left the room. Before leaving for London I called on my brother. In retreating the German fascists burned down towns and villages.
On (upon) va after predloglaridan keyin odatda Simple Gerund ishlatiladi, gerund ifodalagan ish-harakatning kesimdagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo‘lganligini ifoda-lash uchun after predlogi ishlatiladi. Agar faqat voqealarni oldinma-ketin sodir bo‘lganligini ifodalash kerak bo‘lsa on (upon) predlogi ishlatiladfi. Vaqtni ifodalovchi gerundli iboralar, sifatdoshli iboralarga teng bo‘ladi (before predlogi bilan kelgan iboralardan tashqari).	On coming home… = coming home After saying this… = having said this In retreating … = while retreating
b) for uchun, through tufayli, owing to sababli, tufayli predloglari bilan sabab holi bo‘lib keladi:	Excuse me for being so late. We are obliged to you for sending us the latest market reports. He caught cold through getting his feet wet.
c) by bilan, vositasida predlogi bilan ravish holi bo‘lib keladi:	He improved his article by changing the end. We were able to discharche the boat in 24 hours by using a powerful crane.
d) besides –dan tashqari, instead of -ning o‘rnida, without –siz, -masdan, apart from –dan tashqari kabi predloglar bilan ……… holi bo‘lib keladi:	Besides being clever, he is very industrious. Instead of writing the letter himsilf, he asked his friend to do it. He left the room without waiting for a reply.
e) for the purpose of, with the object of, with a view to maqsadda, uchun guruh pradloglari bilan maqsadni ifodalaydi:	A Polish delegation arrived in Moscow with the object of conducting trade negotiations. He gave these instructions with a view to speeding up the shipment of the goods.
Maqsadni ifodalash uchun guruh predloglari bilan kelgan gerund ko‘pincha rasmiy nutqda uchraydi; odatda maqsadni ifodalash uchun infinitiv ishlatiladi;	I have come here to discuss the matter with the manager. I went to the station to meet my father.
f) without –siz, -masdan, in case of in the event of holda, subject to shartda kabi predloglar bilan shartni ifodalaydi:	In the event of being ordered to two ports of loading the steamer will not arrive at the port of discharge before September 15^th. You will never speak good English without learning grammar. This offer is made subiect to receiving your confirmation within 10 days.
4. against qarshi, for uchun, tarafdor, shuningdek, to be on the point (of), to be far from iboralariga aloqador predloglar bilan gerund ot-kesim tarkibida keladi:	The director is for extending the time of shipment The captain is against loading the goods on the deck. When I came to the office, the manager was on the poin of leaving. The negotiations are still far from being ended.