Мuzaffar Choriyev Мuхаmmаdi G‘opporov

Having collected all the material… = After collecting all the material…

Izoh: Yuqoridagi holat uchun sifatdosh bilan birgalikda ko’pincha on predlogi bilan kelgan Simple Gerund ishlatiladi:

Arriving at the station … = On arriving at the station …

Receiving the telegram … = On receiving the telegram …

Present Participle Passive
Present Participle Passive hozir yoki hozirgi vaqt davomida sodir bo‘ladigan ish-harakatini ifodalaydi. Bunday birikma o‘rnida Present Continuous Passive ishlatilgan ergash gap ishlatish mumkin:Present Participle Passive sifatdoshli iboralarda anoqlovchi bo‘lib keladi va kesimi Present Continuous Passive zamonda bo‘lgan aniqlovchi ergash gaplarga mos keladi:	The large building being built in our street (= which is being built in our street) is a new school-house. Yesterday the professor told us about the experiments now being carried on in his laboratory (= which are now being carried on in his laboratory).