Lecture 2 translation history in the west and in the east. Plan: translation history in the west

Translation in the XVIII-XIX centuries
"Kalila and Dimna" was translated into Uzbek by M.Temur in 1718, and he commented the re-translation of "Kalila and Dimna'' into Arabic by Husain Voiz Koshifi under the name "Anvari Sukhayli" in the introduction of his book. Based on the free translation of Koshifi Uzbek translator M. Temur translated «Kalila and Dimna» into Uzbek in the XVIII century.
In the XVIII century "Kitabi Saykali" was translated (the real
name was "Vafotnamai-paygambar"). It was written by Mullah Husain Voiz Al-Koshifi, Saykali translated it from Tadjik into Uzbek in 1716. That work was anthem-epos about Prophet Muhammad.
Translation activity had reached to the highest point in the XIX
century in Uzbekistan. That period was full of translators. Only 82
translators worked continuously with translation in the second part of the XIX century in Khorazm:
MUKHAMMADRIZO OGAHI was one of them. He was a historian and translator, great statesman of Uzbek classic literature. Ogahi translated into Uzbek famous works of the East such as "Haftpaikar", "Guliston", "Shoh va gado", "Yusuf va Zulayho", "Bahoriston" by Ganjavi, Sherozi, Dehlavi, Jomi, Hiloli and historical books such as "Zafarnoma", "Nodirnoma", "Ravzatus-safo" and became a great translator of the XIX century.


Translation in the XX-XXI centuries
English literature began to be translated since 30^th of the XX century. Since nowadays several American and Latin American writers’ novels and stories, prose more than 20 books by English writers and poets, Shakespeare’s sonatas, Byron’s poems had been translated into Uzbek. Before that period only one English book «The adventures of Robinson Crusoe» was translated into Uzbek. Mukhammad Fozilbek Otabek translated this book from English into Uzbek in 1911.
First remarkable examples of Uzbek literature is connected with the name of talented poet, playwright and a translator Kh. Kh. Niyazi and with the names of such translators of Russian literature as Kh. Alimdjan, G. Gulyam, A. Kakhar, Aybek and many others.
The Uzbek novelist A. Kahhar is the best translator of Chekhov’s works. In his stories he opened the essence of phenomenon. Translation of Chekhov’s stories helped to writer-translators to penetrate deeply into Chekhov’s characters and to feel the power of his talent and to introduce him to uzbek readers. In this field such writers as Zumrad, I. Razzakov, A Rakhimi worked. Talented poet Furkat also knew Russian and translated fables of Krilov.
At the beginning of the XXth century Fitrat (1980 - 1957) made great contribution to the development of translation. He translated classic poets’ such as Bedil, Umar Khayyam’s works into Uzbek.