Nizami – poet for all humanity

Nizami – poet for all humanity

Nizami Ganjavi is a greet Azerbaijani poet and a thinker who started the tradition of Hamsa. His full name is Abu Muhammad Ilyas ibn Yusuf ibn Zaki Muayyad.

Nizami was born in 1141, in the city of Ganja, Azerbaijan. Her ancestors were from the Iranian city of Qum and her mother was the daughter of one of the Kurdish commanders in the villages around Ganja. As a literary nickname, the poet chose the word Nizami. This is pointed out by some commentators that the poet’s family was traditionally engaged in sewing. Nizami Ganjavi knew Persian, Arabic, Greek, ancient Pahlavi, Sanskrit and many other languages and was well versed in philosophy, logic, theology literature, chemistry, astronomy and mathematics. Nizami Ganjavi had a 20,000 byte poem. The poet’s lyrical poems are composed of various bayoz and collections. But some fragments of them; only 16 poems, 192 ghazals, 5 qit’a, 68 rubai and 17 bytes have survived. But Ganjavi’s greatest service to literature was that he founded the Hamsa.

In 1173-1179 Nizami Ganjavi wrote a treatise entitled “Mahzan-ul asror” dedicated to the governor of Arzinjan Fakhriddin Bahromshah. In 1180-1181, at the request of the Iraqi ruler Turgull II “Khusrav and Shirin” created the epic. In 1188, Astakhan ordered Nizami to write “Layli and Majnun”. In 1196, on the orders of the ruler Allovuddin Kopra Arslan, he wrote “Haft Paykar” about King Bahrom. In 1196-1201, “Iskandarnoma” was created. Thus, in 1179-1201, 5 epics of 30,000 bytes were created and included in a single collection and named “Panj ganj” “five treasures”. It later became known as Hamsa and became a tradition.

“Romeo and Juliet” in Western literature and “Layli and Majnun” in Eastern literature. This grassy epic about love belongs to Nizami. However, the play was not rewarded for its lack of information about politics and the ruler. But with this work, the poet reveals that that the conflict between customs and different families affects the younger generation and leads to their disaster. There were offers for Ganjavi to serve in the palace. But despite Ganjavi’s rejection of these offers, he wrote works for kings.

It should be noted that Nizami Ganjavi’s works are based on deep meaning and education. In particular, Ganjavi’s Haft Paykar has a special place. His hero

Bahrom was the only child of King Yazdijurd. The King sends him to live in Yama, the coolest place. This is how Bahrom grows up. He ascends the throne after the death of his father. But he would spend most of his time in pleasure, ignoring the affairs of the kingdom. The play also contains the epic of Bahrom and Dilorom, in which Bahrom sentenced his concubine to death. Although Bahrom was a king, he did not act wisely and sentenced an innocent maid to death due to a momentary anger. However, the wise maiden not only escaped death with her knowledge , but also proved her innocence. This part of the work has a special place. Because here it means that a person should not be angry, but act wisely in any situation. But Bahrom did not learn from this either. Again he devoted his time to pleasure and neglected the affairs of state. Bahrom’s minister took advantage of this. The minister oppressed the common people and increased his wealth day by day. Eventually Bahrom finds out about this situation and restores justice. Releases imprisoned people. Nizami meant that if the kings were so careless, the state would remain in the hands of other people. He especially described the suffering of the people. Thus, at the end of Bahrom’s life in pleasure, the prayer is recited. Then his life comes to an end as he enters the cave. The words spoken at the end of the work are an example to all of us. It say that even if there were seven kings of the climate he would one day die and die according to his deeds.

Not only in this work of Nizami, but also in other works, there is a deep meaning. That is why Nizami is seen by all poets as a teacher, even Navoi.

In short, while Nizami never left his homeland, his works spread throughout the Orient and contributed to its development. After Nizami, Khusrav Dehlavi, Abdurahman Jami, Alisher Navoi wrote Hamsa. Also, melodies dedicated to Nizami’s works and epics were composed. In life, a person starts something. The rest will follow him and continue. Nizami is one such person. A cherished poet of mankind. Centuries will not forget Ganjavi’s memory either.