Ferghana Valley


Irrigation in the Ferghana V



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Ferghana Valley The Heart of Central Asia ( PDFDrive )

Irrigation in the Ferghana V
alley
, 1928


257
Sour
ce:
E.M. Beniaminovich and D.K 
Tersitskii, eds., 
Irrigatsiia Uzbekistana
, T
ashkent, 1975, vol. 2.
Figure 11.2
Irrigation in the Ferghana V
alley
, 1972


258 BICHSEL, MUKHABBATOV, SHERFEDINOV
tion, since the law assigned to it the functions of planner, builder, and consumer. 
Accordingly, it had at its disposal considerable funds, which naturally bestowed 
on it substantial political power.
In an effort to address the manifest shortcomings of this centralized and mo-
nopolistic management structure, Soviet leaders in 1986 established river basin 
authorities (RBAs) for both the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers, and devolved 
some responsibilities to these new bodies. The irrigation network in the Ferghana 
Valley fell under the authority of the Syr Darya RBA based in Tashkent.
17
Under the aegis of Minvodkhoz, irrigation in the Ferghana Valley took a sci-
entific turn and became the domain of engineering. The Soviet Union invested 
heavily in data collection, research, and project design. Specialists at the Central 
Asian Scientific Institute for Irrigation in Tashkent (SANIIRI) greatly advanced 
irrigation engineering and improved hydrometry in Central Asia. Water distribu-
tion began to follow highly standardized schedules set at republic, province and 
district levels (so-called hydromodules), with each of them depending on local 
climates and soil types.
18
Minvodkhoz also developed a network of training centers, 
its own technical schools and, most notably, the Tashkent Institute of Engineers 
for Irrigation and the Mechanization of Agriculture (TIIIMSKh). By the 1970s, 
these institutions produced large numbers of irrigation engineers and specialists 
on water management. Finally, Minvodkhoz invested heavily in the development 
of technology and advanced the mechanization of irrigation.
19
The expansion of irrigation and intensified agriculture did not come without 
costs. Already during the 1970s it became apparent that the huge investments had 

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