LAND, WATER, AND ECOLOGY 273
At present, international efforts to foster better inter-state agreements on water
use in the Syr Darya basin appear to have decreased. This may trace in part to disap-
pointment with the results to date and in part also to the widely accepted assumption
that, in the end, states do not go to war over water.
91
The current economic downturn
may bring about a rethinking of some of the prevailing normative approaches to
water management, and even give rise to new concepts on how best to approach
the
ancient questions of water,
production, and ecology in the Ferghana Valley.
Notes
1. Funding for research on which this chapter is based was provided by the Swiss Na-
tional Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) North–South: Research Partnerships for
Mitigating Syndromes of Global Change. The NCCR North–South program is co-funded
by the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Swiss Agency for Development and Co-
operation. This chapter was written during a fellowship for Prospective Researchers granted
by the Swiss National Science Foundation as well as during a postdoctoral fellowship at
the University Priority Research Program Asia and Europe: Exchanges and Encounters,
University
of Zurich, Switzerland.
2. There is an ever-expanding literature in Russian and, increasingly, in the Kyrgyz,
Tajik, and Uzbek languages on the issues discussed in this chapter. The three contributing
authors to this chapter intensively consulted these materials, but space constraints prevent
their being listed in detail. For the sake of simplicity, however, some of the more authori-
tative Russian- and Western-language sources are cited in the notes. Equally significant
are the vast number of official documents pertinent to water management in the Ferghana
Valley, most of which are still unavailable to scholars. This chapter also draws on Christine
Bichsel’s interviews in the field.
3.
Environment and Security. Transforming Risks into Cooperation. Central Asia:
Ferghana/Osh/Khujand Area,
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Geneva,
2005, p. 15.
4. E.M. Beniaminovich and D.K. Tersitskyi, eds.,
Irrigatsiia Uzbekistana, vol. 2,
Tashkent, 1975.
5. Jonathan Michael Thurman, “Modes of Organization in Central Asian Irrigation: The
Ferghana Valley, 1876
to Present,” Ph.D. diss.,
University of Indiana, 1999, pp. 31–36.
6. Beniaminovich and Tersitskyi,
Irrigatsiia Uzbekistana.
7. Sarah L. O’Hara, “Lessons from the Past: Water Management in Central Asia,”
Water
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: