Белорусский государственный

Intonogramme
– the picture of the sound wave of a syllable, word or an utterance received 
with the help of 
intonograph
. 
Intonograph
– a technical device which gives pictures of sound waves of syllables, words 
and utterances. 
Invariant of the phoneme
– allophones of each phoneme possess a bundle of distinctive 
features, that make this phoneme functionally different from all other phonemes of the language 
concerned. This functionally relevant bundle of articulatory features is called the invariant of the 
phoneme. 
Isochronous
– a property of rhythm which identifies it as being composed of equal intervals 
of time. 
J 
Juncture – 
the place, where two sounds or words are joined together. 
Juncture phoneme
– the syllabic boundary at the junction of words or morphemes that can 
be characterized by distinctive difference, e.g. 
a name
– 
an aim
. Open or plus juncture is marked by 
/+/: 
a
+ 
name
, 
an
+ 
aim
.
K 
Kinetic
– relating to motion. 
Kinetic tone
– a tone of varying pitch which is produced by varying the tension of the vocal 
cords. Kinetic tones are generally classified according to the following criteria: 1) direction of the 
pitch change; 2) width of the pitch change, or its interval; 3) relative position of the pitch change 
within the speaker’s voice range. Besides giving prominence to a word, kinetic tones perform a 

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number of other functions pertaining to the overall communicative meaning of an utterance. They 
1) indicate the communicative type of an utterance; 2) express the speaker’s attitude towards the 
subject-matter, the listener and the situation; 3) single out the centre of new information in an 
utterance or the point of greater semantic importance as viewed by the speaker.