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eumk teoreticheskaya fonetika 2014

Glottal stop
– a sound heard when the glottis opens suddenly and produces an explosion 
resembling a short cough. 
Glottis
– the opening between the vocal cords, through which the air passes. 

Hard palate
– the bony structure that forms the roof of the front part of the mouth. 
Head (Scale)
– part of the intonation-group, contains stressed syllables preceding the 
nucleus with the intervening unstressed syllables. The functions of the head are to express relations 
between its constituent units – rhythmic groups and to convey modal-stylistic meanings. 
Height of the tongue
– the height to which the bulk of the tongue is raised and which 
determines the level of the raised bulk of the tongue: high, mid, or low. 
Hesitation pause
– silent or filled pause mainly used in spontaneous speech to gain time to 
think over what to say next. 
Historical Phonetics
– a branch of phonetics that studies the phonetic structure of a 
language in its historical development, diachronically. 

Idiolect
– individual speech of members of the same language community. 
Idiolectal variation of the phonemes
– variation which embraces the individual 
peculiarities of articulating sounds, which are caused by the shape and form of the speaker’s speech 
organs and by his/her articulatory habits. For instance, a speaker may mumble, or lisp (say 
“thish 
ish”
for “this is”) or stammer (say 
“a f-f-f-fine d-d-d-day”
). 
Informational style
– a style of speech used by radio and television announcers conveying 
information or in various official situations. 


53 
Instrumental methods
– methods of phonetic investigation based upon registering or 
computing machines and technical devices. 
Intensity
– a property of a sound produced by the amplitude of vibrations. Intensity is the 
amount of acoustic energy in a sound; often used informally as synonymous with amplitude, to 
which it is closely related. 

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