Белорусский государственный


Extra-linguistic situation



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eumk teoreticheskaya fonetika 2014

Extra-linguistic situation
– it can be described in terms of three components, i.e. purpose, 
participants and setting. These components distinguish situations as the context in which speech 
interaction takes place. 

Fall – 
lowering of the voice pitch within a stressed syllable. 
Familiar style
– see 
Conversational style

Feature
– a component of a sound that may itself be composed of other features or may be a 
terminal feature. Each terminal feature specifies a limited set of discrete phonetic possibilities with 
specific phonetic properties. 
Features of the
Flap
– a very brief speech sound in which the tongue tip is drawn back, then flicked forward 
against the alveolar ridge. 
Forelingual
– sounds articulated with the front part of the tongue. For example: /t, d, n/ are 
forelingual consonants. 
Formally distributional method (distributional method) of phonological analysis
– it 
consists in grouping all the sounds pronounced by native speakers into phonemes according to the 
two laws of phonemic and allophonic distribution: 1) Allophones of different phonemes occur in the 
same phonetic context. 2) Allophones of the same phoneme never occur in the same phonetic 
context. If more or less different sounds occur in the same phonetic context they should be 
allophones of different phonemes. Their distribution is c o n t r a s t i v e . If more or less similar 
speech sounds occur in different positions and never occur in the same phonetic context they are 
allophones of one and the same phoneme. Their distribution is c o mp l e m e n t a r y . There are also 
f r e e v a r i a n t s of a single phoneme (e.g. 
калоши
– 
галоши
in Russian). 


51 
Formant
– a group of overtones corresponding to a resonating frequency of the air in the 
vocal tract. One of the bands or peaks of energy (the result of the vocal tract acting as a filter) which 
give a vowel or vowel-like sound its characteristic quality. Vowels are characterized by three 
formants: F1, F2, F3. 

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