1-variant 1The subject matters of Lexicology

5.Define the part of the speech of the stem to which suffixes and prefixes are added:

Unanswerable

5-VARIANT

1.Subdivisions of Lexicology.

Lexicology has some subdivisions such as:

1) Semasiology (deals with the meaning of the word);

2) Wordformation (studies all possible ways of the formation of new words in English);

3) Etymology (studies the origin of words);

4) Phraseology (studies the set-expressions, phraseological units);

5) Lexicography (studies compiling dictionaries).

2. Constrantive analysis of words

Contrastive analysis is used to reveal the features of sameness and differences in the lexical meaning and the semantic structure of correlated words in both related and nonrelated languages. We must know that the objective reality exists outside human being, every language classifies reality in its own way by means of its vocabulary units. In English the word “foot” is used to denote the extremity of the leg. But in Karakalpak and Russian there is no exact equivalent for “foot”. The words “нога”, “àÿ3” denote the whole leg including the foot. Classification of the real world around us is learned with our first language because we are used to the way in which our own language structures experience but in the fact it is highly arbitary.

3. .The relationships between exisfing words.

There is also a close relationship between lexicology and stylistics. The words “to begin” and “to commence” mean one and the same meaning but they can never be used interchangeable because they have different stylistic references. The relationship existing between words may be either syntagmatic or paradigmatic. The syntagmatic relationship is found in the context. The context is the minimum stretch of speech which is necessary to bring out the meaning of a word.Ex.take tea (чой ичмок-питъ чай), take tram (трамвайда юрмок-ехатъ на ).