Who? kim? vawhat? nima? so‘- rog‘iga javob bo‘luvchi so‘zlar turkumi ot deyiladi: a man, an engineer, a house

bilan yasaladi:

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
sharp — o‘tkir cold — sovuq deep — chuqur busy — band dirty — ifl os clever — aqlli narrow — tor able — layoqatli(qodir) noble — himmatli polite — odobli severe — shafqatsiz sincere — sofdil, samimiy simple — (oddiy) sodda common — oddiy	sharper — o‘tkirroq colder — sovuqroq deeper — chuqurroq busier — bandroq dirtier — ifl osroq cleverer — aqlliroq narrower — torroq abler — layoqatlioroq nobler — himmatliroq politer — odobliroq severer — shafqatsizroq sincerer — sofdilroq simpler — soddaroq commoner — oddiyroq	sharpest — eng o‘tkir coldest — eng sovuq deepest — eng chuqur busiest — eng band dirtiest — eng ifl os cleverest — eng aqlli narrowest — eng tor ablest — eng layoqatli noblest — eng himmatli politest — eng odobli severest — eng shafqatsiz sincerest — eng sofdil simplest — eng sodda commonest — eng oddiy

Ko‘pgina ikki bo‘g‘inli hamda uch va ko‘p bo‘g‘inli sifatlarning qiyosiy darajasi sifatning oldiga more, orttirma darajasi sifatning oldiga most so‘zlarini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
active — faol famous — mashhur diffi cult — qiyin comfortable — qulay interesting — qiziq	more active more famous more diffi cult more comfortable more interesting	most active most famous most diffi cult most comfortable most interesting

Ba’zi sifatlarning darajalari qoidaga bo‘ysunmasdan o‘zakdan o‘zgaradi:

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
Good/well — yaxshi Bad/badly — yomon little — oz much, many — ko‘p a lot of far — uzoq	better — yaxshiroq worse — yomonroq less — ozroq more — ko‘proq farther — uzoqroq further — uzoqroq, keyingi qo‘shimcha	best — eng yaxshi worst — eng yomon least — eng oz most — eng ko‘p farthest — eng uzoq furthest — eng uzoq, eng keyingi

Further ning ikkinchi ma`nosi YANA, QO`SHIMCHA
Let`s hope there won`t be any further delays.


Elder-katta, Older-yoshi katta My elder brother is a doctor. My brother is older than me.


Quyidagi so`zlar sifatlarning darajasini aniqlashda yordam beradi.

1. 
   Very+adjective= It is very cold today.
   
2. 
   Most+adjectivie/adverb=very This is most unusal.
   
3. 
   Even, a lot, much, far, a bit, a little, slightly, than, any, no + COMPARATIVE
   

He seems much better today. The days aren`t getting any warmer.

4. 
   In, all, of, have ever+V_3(ed), by far + superlative
   

She is by the most beautiful woman I have ever met.


Ba`zi bir bo`g`inli sifatlarnig qiyosiy va orttirma darajalari more va the most so`zlari yordamida yasaladi.
Real-haqiqiy, right-to`g`ri, wrong-noto`g`ri: Real-more real-the most real
Quyidagi sifatlarning darajasi 2 xil yo`l bilan yasaladi.


Clear-aniq, Safe-havfsiz, True-to`g`ri, Free-bo`sh, Wise-aqilli, easy-ososn, common-oddiy, clever-aqilli, stupid-axmoq, narrow-tor, gentle-oliy janob, friendly-dustona, simple-oddiy …
Clear-clearer-the clearest=clear-more clear-the most clear

Ikkita bir xil darajadagi sifatni teng qiyoslash uchun oddiy dara jadagi sifatni as … as o‘rtasiga qo‘yamiz: As + adjective + as + noun(pronoun)

He is as young as my brother. U akamdek yosh.
My dictionary is as good as yours. Mening lug‘atim siznikidek yaxshi.
Bo‘lishsiz gaplarda birinchi as odatdaso bilan almashtiriladi:
He is not so young as my brother. U akamdek yosh emas.


Bir necha martalab qiyoslash as … as o‘rtasiga oddiy darajadagi sifat qo‘yiladi va ulardan oldin ikki marta, uch marta so‘zlari qo‘yiladi:
My room is twice as large as yours. Mening xonam siznikidan ikki marta katta.
This box is three times as heavy as that. Bu quti unisiga qaraganda uch marta og‘ir.


The same … as – bir xil : Your dress is the same color as mine

Qo‘sh qiyoslash the + adj. + er + ega + kesim, + the + adj. +er + ega + kesim

The bigger they are, the harder they fall. Ular qanchalik kattaroq bo‘lsa, shunchalik qattiqroq yiqiladilar.
The sooner you take your medicine, the better you will feel.
Siz dorini qanchalik tezroq ichsangiz, shunchalik tezroq o‘zingizni yaxshiroq his qilasiz.
The sooner you leave, the more earliery you will arrive at your destination.
Siz qanchalik tezroq jo‘nasangiz, manzilingizga shunchalik tezroq yetib olasiz.
The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel.
Qanchalik issiqroq bo‘lsa, men o‘zimni shunchalik yomonroq his qilaman.
The higher we fl ew, the more miserable Edna felt.
Qanchalik balandroq uchganimiz sari Edna o‘zini shunchalik yomonroq his qilardi.

Agar gapno sooner bilan boshlansa, ikkinchi gap than bog‘lovchisi bilan bog‘lanadi. Bunda no sooner ishlatilgan gapda yordamchi fe’l egadan oldin keladi:

No sooner + yordamchi fe’l + ega + kesim + than + ega + kesim
No sooner had we started out for California, than it started to rain.
Biz Kaliforniyaga jo‘nar-jo‘namasdan, yomg‘ir yog‘a boshladi.
No sooner will he arrive, than he will want to leave.
U yetib kelar-kelmasdan, jo‘nashni istab qoladi.
No sooner had she entered the building, than she felt the presence of sombody else.
U binoga kirar-kirmasdan, u yerda yana kimningdir borligini his qildi.


Comparative + and Comparative: The weather is getting warmer and warmer.


Like va As (o`xshash) ning ishlatilishi
Like- qiyoslash uchun: She swims like a fish.
Quyidagi fe`llardan keyin: feel-his qilmoq, look-ko`rinish, smell-xid, sound –tovush,