Who? kim? vawhat? nima? so‘- rog‘iga javob bo‘luvchi so‘zlar turkumi ot deyiladi: a man, an engineer, a house

Riches-boylik Greens-yashil sabzavot Belongings-bisot
Congratulations-qutlov


Ikki qismdan iborat otlar oldidan A PAIR OF/SOME so`zini ishlatamiz va fe`lning ko`plik shaklini talab qiladi.
Trousers-shim, Binoculars-durbin, Shorts-shortik, Shoes-oyoq kiyim, Gloves-qo’lqop, Pyjamas-pijama
Tights-kalgotki, Glasses-ko’zoynak, Earnings-taqinchoq, Socks-paypoq, Scissors-qaychi,
ADJECTIVES/ADVERBS
1. Shaxs yoki buyumning belgisini bildirgan so‘zlar sifat deyiladi: Sifat gapda ot bilan keladi.
A young man = yosh kishi; a young woman= yosh ayol; young people = yosh kishilar.


Lekin ba`zi fellardan keyin sifat keladi.
Be-bo`lmoq, look-ko`rinish, smell-xid, sound-tovush, taste-ta`m, seem-tuyulmoq, appear-paydo bo`lmoq, become- bo`lmoq, get-olmoq,erishmoq, stay-kabi fe`llar bilan…
She is beautiful. He sounds happy.


Sifat yana OPINION (hayoliy) va FACT(dalil) sifatlarga bo`linadi.
OPINION(hayoliy) sifat – narsa yoki shaxs haqida o`ylagan fikrni bildiradi.
Boring-zerikarli, interesting-qiziqarli …
FACT(dalil) sifatlar – daliliy isbotlarni beradi.
Tall, thin, new, yana qo`shimcha ma`lumot beriladi masalan: age-yoshi, size-hajmi, colour-rangi, origin-kelib chiqishi, material-ham ashyosi…


2. Sifat faqat darajalar bo‘yicha o‘zgarishi mumkin:long-uzun, longer-uzunroq, longest — eng uzun.
3. Sifatlar oddiy va yasama bo‘ladi:
a) Oddiy sifatlar qo‘shimcha olmagan sifatlardir: big — katta, short —kalta, black — qora, red — qizil.
b) Yasama sifatlarga old yoki orqa qo‘shimchasini yoki har ikkala sini
olgan sifatlar kiradi: natural — tabiiy, incorrect — noto‘g‘ri, unnaturalnotabiiy.
Eng ko‘p tarqalgan qo‘shimchalar (suffi kslar):
— ful : useful = foydali, doubtful = shubhali;
— less : helpless = ojiz, useless = befoyda;
— ous : famous = mashhur, dangerous = xavfl i;
— al : formal = rasmiy, central = markaziy;
— able, -ible: eatable = yeb bo‘ladigan, accessible = hammabop, yen gil.
Eng ko‘p tarqalgan old qo‘shimchalar :
un- : unhappy = baxtsiz, unequal = teng emas, noteng;
in- : incomplete = tugallanmagan, indifferent = farqsiz.
4. Ikkita so‘zdan yasalib bitta ma’noni bildiruvchi sifatlar qo‘shma sifatlar deyiladi:
dark-blue= to‘q ko‘k, snow-white = qordek oq.

1. 
   Present participle (hozirgi zamon sifatdosh) a never-ending journey-tugamas sayohat
   
2. 
   Past participle (o`tgan zamon sifatdosh) a broken-down washing machine-nosoz kir moshinasi
   
3. 
   Cardinal numbers+noun (sanoq son+noun bilan) a three-hour delay-3 soatlik kechikish
   
4. 
   Well, badly + past participle – well-behaved-tarbiyali, well-educated-bilimli,
   

Badly-made furniture-sifatsiz mebel, well-known-mashxur…

5. 
   Noun+noun 2 otdan sifat yasaladi va otning ko`pligi bo`lmaydi.
   

Morning paper(s) – ertalabgi gazeta, coffee table- kofe stoli

Ba`zi ma`nosi o`zgaradigan sifatlar: silk-silky (ipak-ipakli), stone-stony (tosh-toshloq), gold-golden (tilla-tilladan yasalgan)

Order of adjectives
Agar gapda 2 tadan ziyod sifat bo`lsa ular quyidagi tartibda kelda: