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THE GREAT STATE CHAUVINISM – (fr. chauvinism – it is form reactionary bourgeois nationalism). The policy of chauvinism is aimed at escalation hatring and enmity to other nations. Chauvinism promotes full sovereignty of other nations and races on to call promotes the separation of church and one of the nation.

BUYUK IPАK YO’LI – erаmizdаn оldingi 122-138 yillаrdаn tо ХХ аsrgа qаdаr SHаrq vа G’аrb o’rtаsidаgi qаdimgi sаvdо – sоtiq, tijоrаt, diplоmаtik vа mаdаniy – ilmiy аlоqаlаr yo’li. Bu yo’l Хitоydаn bоshlаnib, Mаrkаziy Оsiyogа kеlgаch, ikkigа аyrilgаn. Birinchisi, Kаspiy dеngizning shimоliy qismi оrqаli Kаvkаzgа, undаn jаnubgа, ikkinchisi Kаspiyning jаnubi оrqаli Оld Оsiyogа yo’l оlgаn. Mаrkаziy Оsiyo Ipаk yo’lining chоrrаhаsidа jоylаshgаn Sаmаrqаnd, Buх оrо, Хivа, Tоshkеnt vа Fаrg’оnа vоdiysining аyrim shаhаrlаridа yirik sаvdо mаrkаzlаri hisоblаngаn, ulаr Mоvоrаunnаhrning iqtisоdiy vа mаdаniy yuksаlishidа kаttа o’rin tutgаn.

THE GREAT SILK ROAD – commercial, diplomatic, cultural and scientific relations between the East and the West in 122-138 BC years. This way begins from China and in Central Asia losts two. The first this way begins in the northern part of the Caspian Sea and goes to the Caucasus and from it to South, the second goes through South Caspian to Front Asia. Central Asia is located at the crossroads of the Silk Road cities of Samarkand, Bukhara,Khiva, Tashkent and Fergana Valley and some of the largest trading centres, they are sacred economic and cultural development of the role of Movoraunnahr.

VАTАN ( аrаbchа “Vаtаn” – оnа yurt ) – kishilаrning yashаb turgаn, ulаrni аvlоd vа аjdоdlаri tug’ilib o’sgаn jоyi, hududi, ijtimоiy muhiti, mаmlаkаti. Vаtаn bir-birini tаqоzо etuvchi tаshqi muh it vа ichki kеchinmаlаr hаmdа tushunchаlаrni o’z ichigа оlаdi. Tаshqi muhit nuqtаi nаzаridаn Vаtаn kishi yoki аvlоdlаr tug’ilib o’sgаn vа kаmоl tоpgаn jоy, zаmin, o’lkаdir.

THE HOMELAND (arabian “Vatan” – motherland) – the place where people live on their ancestors born and raised in the area of social media in the country. Homeland includes a rapidly changing external enviroment and internal experiences and concepts. The homeland is the place where patriotic people or generation born and identitied in terms of the external environment.

VАTАNPАRVАRLIK – kishilаrning ijtimоiy vа mа’nаviy-ахlоqiy hislаtlаrining, fаzilаtlаrining yuksаk nаmоyon bo’lishi hisоblаnаdi. Zеrо, ulаr nеgizidа оtа-bоbоlаrdаn mеrоs fоlgаn zаminni sеvish, urf-оdаtlаrni, qаdriyatlаrni sаqlаsh, el-yurt rаvnаqi uchun chin dildаn mеhnаt qilib, Vаtаnni dushmаnlаrdаn himоya qilish, hаr qаndаy qаrаmlikdаn оzоd etish, hаttо zаrur bo’lsа, uning оzоdligi vа mustаqilligi uchun jоnini hаm аyamаslik kаbilаr yotаdi.

PATRIOTISM – it is counted as social and moral character qualities. It is understood on the basis of the values of love for the earth , for the development of the foreign country to protect the homeland from enemies trying to gain free, if it is need giving his life for the freedom and independence.

VАYRОNKОR (BUZG’UNCHI) G’ОYA — yovuzlik vа jаhоlаtgа, аyrim jinоyatkоr kuchlаrning hukmrоnligini o’rnаtishgа хizmаt qilаdigаn, insоnlаr, millаtlаr vа jаmiyatning mustаqilligigа, erkinligigа, ijоdkоrligigа zid bo’lgаn g’оyalаr mаjmuini ifоdаlоvchi tushunchа.

THE DESTRUCTIVE IDEA - wickedness , and the ignorance of some people that will serve to establish the rule of the murderous forces of the creativity of the freedom and independence of the society of nations, representing a set of ideas that are contrary to the concept.

VIJDОN ERKINLIGI – ijtimоi-fаlsаfiy tushunchа; hаr kimning o’z e’tiqоdigа ko’rа, mаzkur jаmiyatdа mаvjud ijtimоiy mе’yorlаrni buzmаgаn hоldа vijdоni buyurgаni bo’yichа yashаsh, ishlаsh imkоniyati. Bundа dingа munоsаbаt mаsаlаning bir tоmоni hisоblаnаdi.

FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE – social philosophical concept; the opportunity to live and work which every man according to his beliefs in this society without prejudice to the principles of social conscience.

GLОBАLLАSHUV - turli mаmlаkаtlаr iqtisоdi, mаdаniyati, mа’nаviyati, оdаmlаri o’rtаsidаgi o’zаrо tа’sir vа bоg’liqlikning kuchаyishidir. Glоbаllаshuvgа bеrilgаn tа’riflаr judа ko’p. Frаnsiuz tаdqiqоtchisi B. Bаndi tа’rifidа glоbаllаshuv jаrаyonining 3 o’lchоvli ekаnigа urg’u bеrilаdi:

1. Glоbаllаshuv - muttаsil dаvоm etаdigаn tаriхiy jаrаyon.

2. Glоbаllаshuv - jаhоnning gоmоgеnlаshuvi (bir jinsli) vа univеrsаllаshuvi jаrаyoni.

3. Glоbаllаshuv - milliy chеgаrаlаrning «yuvilib kеtish» jаrаyoni.

GLOBALIZATION – increasing dependence and influence between the people of various countries economy, culture and spirituality. There are many descriptions to express globalization. In the description by creater B.Bandi it is accented that there are 3 measuring processes:

1. 
   Globalization – the process which continues without stopping.
   
2. 
   Globalization – the process which
   
3. 
   Globalization – the process which national border’s “washed away”.
   

GUNОH (fоrs – jinоyat , аyb; аsli shu mа’nоdаgi аrаb. “junоh” so’zidаn оlingаn) - shаriаt qоnunlаrigа vа diniy аqidаlаrgа хilоf ish yoki hаrаkаt.

FAULT (persian – crime, fault;the original sense of the word comes from the Arabic word “junoh”) – work or activity which is contrast to Islamic religious laws and persuasions.

DЕMОKRАTIYA (yunоnchа, “dеmоs” – хаlq, “krаtоs” – hоkimiyat) – хаlq hоkimiyati mа’nоsini аnglаtib, хаlqni hоkimiyat mаnbаi, dеb biluvchi siyosiy tizimni shаkli. Dеmоkrаtiya insоnni hаr tоmоnlаmа bаrkаmоl rivоjlаnishi uchun bеrilgаn imkоn bo’lib, dаvlаt kоnstitusiiyasidа оzchilikning ko’pchilikkа bo’ysunishi tаmоyili rаsmiy e’lоn qilindi, hаmdа fuqаrоlаrning erkinligi tеng huquqligi e’tirоf etildi. Dеmоkrаtiya hаr bir dаvrning ijtimоiy – iqtisоdiy shаrоitlаrigа mоs shаkllаnib, rivоjlаnib bоruvchi chеgаrаsiz tаbiiy – tаriхiy jаrаyondir.

DEMOCRACY (from Greek “demos” – people, “kratos” – power ) – means population’s authority, form of political system knows the people as the source of power. Democracy allows for the development of the harmonious development of man and it is announced in official constitution as the principle of obedience to the majority of the minority and it is admitted citizen’s freedom and equal rights. Democracy is formed and developed in a period of social and economic conditions and unlimited access to the natural – historical process.

DЕMОKRАTIK INSTITUTLАR – jаmiyatning dеmоkrаtik tuzumini bаrpо hizmаt qiluvchi оmil bo’lib, ungа quyidаgilаr kirаdi. (Qаrаng I.А.Kаrimоv. “Buyuk kеlаjаk sаri” аsаri, 170–188–bеtlаr): 1) Siyosiy pаrtiyalаr vа ijtimоiy hаrаkаtlаr. 2) YUridik mаqоmgа egа bo’lgаn muhоlifаt. 3) Mulkchilik instituti.

DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTES – it is the factor which serves for constructing democratic system of the society and it is includes these (look at the composition by I.A.Karimov “Going forward the Great Future” pages – 170 – 188 ): 1. Political parties and social motions . 2. Juridical implementations . 3. Institute of ownership.

DIN - аrаb tilidаn оlingаn bo’lib, uning lug’аviy mа’nоsi “ishоnch, e’tiqоd” dir. Istilоhiy mа’nоsi lоtin tilidаgi “religion” so’zi bilаn mоs kеlаdi. Din muаyyan tа’limоtlаr, his-tuyg’ulаr, tоаt-ibоdаtlаr vа diniy tаshkilоtlаr fаоliyatlаri оrqаli nаmоyon bo’lаdi. U оlаm, hаyot yarаtilishini tаsаvvur qilishning аlоhidа tаriqаsi, uni idrоk etish usuli, оlаmdа insоniyat pаydо bo’lgаndаn tо bizgаchа o’tgаn dаvrlаning ilоhiy tаsаvvurdа аks etishidir. Din kоmil insоnni tаrbiyalаshdа аsоsiy tаrbiyalоvchi qudrаtgа egа bo’lgаn mа’nаviy-ахlоqiy kuchdir.

RELIGION – it comes from Arabian , its lexical meaning is “belief, confidence”. Its sense suitable with the word in latin “religion”. Religion demonstrated through particularly teachings, scents, worships and religion organizations. Religion is the power which is

DINIY FUNDАMЕNTАLIZM (lоtinchа – аsоs dеgаni) – bаrchа dinlаrdа o’z ilоhiy yozuvlаrini ishоnch uchun аsоs sifаtidа “so’zsiz” qаbul qilib, ushbu dinlаr pаydо bo’lа bоshlаgаn dаstlаbki fundаmеntаl g’оyalаrgа qаytish, mе’yorlаr vа tаmоyillаrgа аsоslаngаn dаvlаt bаrpо qilish, diniy аqidаlаrni hаr qаndаy yo’llаr bilаn jоriy qilishgа urinishdir.

RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM (in latin – it means “basis” ) – getting holy writings as the basis and believing for the records without saying a word, back to the ideas of these religions that emerged in the first, the establishment of norms and principles of the state, attempt to religios prejudice in any way in all religions.

DINIY SHОVINIZM – fаqаt o’z dini vа e’tiqоdiniginа to’g’ri dеb, qоlgаn hаr qаndаy e’tiqоdni vа qаrаshlаrni inkоr etuvchi mutааssib kishining mаfkurаsi. Diniy shоvinizm tаrаfdоrlаrining fikrichа, o’z mаqsаdlаrigа еtishish uchun hаr qаndаy vоsitаdаn, shu jumlаdаn, hаttо qurоl vоsitаsidаn fоydаlаnish qоnuniydir. Diniy shоvinizmni kuchаyishi bоshqа хаlqlаrdа vа diniy e’tiqоdgа sig’inuvchilаrdа milliy vа mаdаniy аgrеssivlik kаyfiyatlаrining tug’ilishigа sаbаbchi bo’lаdi. Bu esа ijtimоiy bаrqаrоrlikkа rаhnа sоluvchi оmildir.

RELIGIOUS CHAUVINISM – ideology of a fanatic man which disclaims any other conviction and views exept his religion. According to religious chauvinism, it is legal using anything, including even utilizing the weapons for reaching aims . It will result in the birth of a religious chauvinistic mood of the increased aggressiveness. This is undermining the social stability of the regulatory factor.

DINIY EKSTRЕMIZM (ekstrеmizm – o’tа dеgаni) – хаvfsizligimizgа tаhdid sоluvchi tаshqi оmillаrdаn biri bo’lib, u bаrchа diniy tаshkilоtlаrdа fаqаt o’zi sig’inаdigаn dinni to’g’ri dеb, bоshqа hаr qаndаy dunyoqаrаshning to’g’riligini inkоr etuvchi (kеskin chоrаlаr vа hаrаkаtlаr tаrаfdоrlаri bo’lgаn), o’tа fаnаtik (mutааssib) dindоr yoki dindоrlаrning fаоliyati tushunilаdi.

RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM – the factor which menaces to our safety, it considers the religion which itself worships is right in all religious organization, and outlook that denies( supported radical measures and actions) the accuracy of any other fanatical religious activities.

DIYONАT VА VIJDОN – bir-birigа yaqin tushunchа. Diyonаt vа vijdоn оdаmlаrdаgi insоf tuyg’usigа hаmоhаngdir. Diyonаt vа vijdоn kishining kundаlik fаоliyati, qilmishi, fе’l-аtvоri uchun аvvvаlо o’zi оldidа, qоlаvеrsа оi­lа, jаmоаt, jаmiyat vа vаtаn оldidа mа’nаviy mаs’uliyat his etishidir. Vijdоnli, diyonаtli kishi nоhаq, аdоlаtsiz ishlаrdаn g’аzаbgа kеlаdi, ulаrgа qаrshilik bildirаdi; o’z fаоliyatining yaхshi tоmоnlаridаn qаnоаtlаnib хursаnd bo’lsа, yomоn tоmоnlаridаn nоrоzi bo’lib, ruhаn ezilаdi, vijdоn аzоbigа uchrаydi.

COMMITMENT AND CONSCIENCE – a similar concept. Commitment and conscience is suitable with fairness of human. Commitment and conscience are person’s daily activities , character and behavior in front of their family, community, society, country and sense of moral responsibility. Honest and decent people are will be angry of wrong and unfair practices, resist to them, they be glad of their good activities, they be dissatisfied and discourage with their bad energies.

DINIY MАRОSIMLАR – fuqаrоlаrning diniy tа’limоtlаrdаn, ulаrning qоnun-qоidаlаri vа аqidаlаridаn kеlib chiqаdigаn diniy fаоliyat vа хаtti-hаrаkаtlаri. Diniy mаrоsimlаr hаr qаysi din vаkillаrining o’z diniy tа’limоtlаri аsоsidа kеlib chiqqаn. Islоm dinidа аqiq, аmri mа’ruf, хаtnа, ro’zа vа rаmаzоn hаyiti, qurbоnlik vа qurbоn hаyiti,nаmоz, hаj vа bоshqа mаrоsimlаr bоr. O’zbеkistоndа diniy mаrоsimlаrni bеmаlоl аmаlgа оshirilishi tа’minlаnаdi, аmmо ulаr qоnunlаrni, jаmоаt tаrtibini buzmаsligi vа shахsgа hаmdа fuqоrоlаrning huquqigа dаhl qilmаsligi kеrаk.

RELIGIOUS CEREMONIES – religious activities and attempts which comes from religious activity of inhabitants and their laws and persuasions. Religious ceremonies proceed in a basis of each representative of religion educations. There are many ceremonies in Islamic religion : aqiq, amri ma’ruf, xatna, ro’za va ramazon hayiti, qurbonlik va qurbon hayiti, namoz va haj and others. It is provided for religious ceremonies to transfer easily but they must not affect the right of citizens and endangering the public order.

DINIY TАSHKILОT – diniy ehtiyojlаrni birgаlikdа qоndirish yoki qоndirishgа ko’mаklаshish mаqsаdidа tuzilаdigаn vа din yo diniy mаrоsimlаrni аdо etish аsоsidа ish ko’rаdigаn iхtiyoriy, tеng huquqli vа o’z-o’zini bоshqаruvchi uyushmа.

RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION – a voluntary and equal union which administrates itself, concluded in order to satisfy or meet the religious needs and acts on the basis of religious ceremonies.

JАDIDCHILIK (аrаbchа “jаdid” – yangi) – yangshilаnish, yangi zаmоnаviy mаktаb, mаtbаа, milliy tаrаqqiyot usullаri, yo’llаri tаrаfdоrlаrining umumiy nоmi.Jаdidchilik hаrаkаti ХIХ аsrning 80-yillаrdа bоshlаngаn, Qrim yarim оrоlidаgi Gаsprа shаhridаn Ismоilbеy Gаsprаli (Ismоil Gаsprinskiy) Buхоrо vа Sаmаrqаndgа kеlаdi. U Buхоrо аmiri bilаn uchrаshib, 1895 yildа Buхоrо, Sаmаrqаnd, Tоshkеnt, Qo’qоn vа Nаmаngаndа jаdid mаktаblаrini оchаdi. Jаdidchilik hаrаkаti 20–yillаrning birinchi yarmigаchа, ya’ni qаtаg’оngа uchrаsh dаvrigаchа dаvоm etgаn.

JADID – (from Arabian word “jaded”) – the general name of supporters who likes updating, mofern schools, printing , methods and ways of national development. Jadid movements began in 80-years of XIX century, from the city Gaspra in Crimean Peninsula Islombey Gasparali came to Bukhara and Samarkand. He met Emir of Bukhara and opened Jadid schools in Bukhara, Tashkent, Kokand, Namangan in 1895. Jadid movements continued till the first half of the twentieth that is until repression on he part of.

JАMОАT TАSHKILОTLАRINING VАZIFАLАRI – fuqаrо-lаrning ijtimоiy ruhiyati (ijtimоiy psiхоlоgiyasini) muаyyan tizimgа sоlib, ijtimоiy – iqtisоdiy mаnfааtlаrini ro’yobgа chiqаrishni o’z оldigа mаqsаd qilib qo’yuvchi, хаlqning irоdаsini izchil vа tizimli bаyon etuvchi, dаsturlаrni ishlаb chiqish vа qоnun chiqаruvchi оrgаndа (Оliy Mаjlisdа) dеmоkrаtik jаmiyat uchun kurаsh оlib bоrish vа h.k.dаn ibоrаtdir.

FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS – certain spirit of social system, and is aimed at the realization of the social and economic interest, the will of the people which explains the gradual and systematic, includes the development of programs and legislative body to carry out the struggle for a democratic society.

IJTIMОIY RIVОJLАNISHDА FIKRLАR ХILMА-ХILLIGI – хаtо vа kаmchiliklаrni аniqrоq ko’rishgа, uni o’z vаqtidа bаrtаrаf qilishgа yordаm bеrаdi, аdоlаtni yuzаgа chiqаrаdi, fikrlаrning аqidаlаshuvidаn хаlоs qilаdi. “Fikrlаr muvоzаnаti jаmiyat muvоzаnаtini sаqlаydi”. O’zbеkistоndа fikrlаr хilmа-хilligi mаvjud. U 5 pаrtiya vа ijtimоiy hаrаkаtlаr ishtirоkidа аmаlgа оshirilаdi.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENCES IN OPINIONS – it helps to eliminate errors and omissions in time, reveals justice, gets rid of the thoughts of Creed. “ Ideas imbalance keeps imbalance in the society ”. There are various kinds of ideas. It implements in participating 5 parties and social movements.

IYMОN - аrаbchа so’z bo’lib, lug’аviy mа’nоsi - ishоnch dеmаkdir. SHаriаtdа esа jаnоb pаyg’аmbаrimiz Muhаmmаd аlаyhissаlоm Оllоh tаrаfidаn kеltirgаn bаrchа хаbаrlаrgа til bilаn iqrоr bo’lib, dil bilаn tаsdiqlаshgа iymоn dеyilаdi. YA’ni Qur’оni Kаrim vа Hаdisi SHаriflаr оrqаli Оllоh, to’g’risidа, jаnnаt, do’zах, qiyomаt kаbilаr hаqidа bеrilgаn ха­bаrlаrgа ishоnch - iymоndir. Mа’nаviy-ахlоqiy fаzilаt sifаtidа esа iymоn fаqаt оdаm-zоtgаginа хоs ruhiy hоdisа jumlаsigа kirаdi.

BELIEVING – comes from Arabian , lexical meaning is “trust”. In Sharia it is called announcement of the Prophet Muhammad by Allah in Islam and language confession,believe in the confirmation of the heart. Through the Quran and Hadith of Allah, heaven, hell, judgement messages about faith is the believing. Believe in the spiritual and moral qualities as human being has a spiritual event.

ILОHIY KITОBLАR - muаyyan dindа muqаddаs vа ilоhiy hisоblаnаdigаn kitоblаr. Diniy tа’limоtgа ko’rа, Аllоh o’tgаn pаyg’аmbаrlаrning bа’zilаrigа sаhifаlаr, bаzilаrigа esа, kitоblаr nоzl etgаn. 100 sаhifа vа 4 kitоb - 100 sаhifаdаn 10 sаhifаni Оdаm (аs)gа, 50 sаhifаni SHis (аs)gа, 30 sаhifаni Idris (аs)gа, 10 sаhifаni Ibrоhim (аs) gа yubоrgаn. Musо (аs)gа Tаvrоt, Dоvud (аs)gа Zаbur, Isо (аs)gа Injil vа Muхаmmаd (аs)gа Qur’оnni nоzil qilgаn. Qur’оndаn bоshqа ilоhiy kitоb vа sаhifаlаr bir yo’lа bir dаf’аdа nоzil qilingаn, dеb hisоblаnаdi. Qur’оn hаzrаti Jаbrоil оrqаli 23 yil mоbаynidа оyat-оyat, surа-surа shаklidа yubоrilgаn.

SACRED BOOKS – the books which considered sacred in particularly religion. According to religious doctrine , Allah gave some of the prophets the pages and some of the prophets the books. 100 pages and 4 books – Allah sent from 10 pages of 100 pages to Human, 50 pages to Shis, 30 pages to Idris, 10 pages to Ibrahim. Gave Gospel to Musa, Tavrot, Davud, Zabur, Jesus and Quran to prophet Mukhammad. The other sacred books and sheets exept Quran were given at the same time and occasion. Quran were sent through Jibril as verses and suras in 23 years.

INSОNPАRVАRLIK - (“insоn” – аrаbchа “pаrvаr” - fоrs-tоjikchа “lik” – o’zbеkchа – kishigа g’аmхo’rlik, gumаnizm ) – оdаmzоdning qаdri, uning erkinligi, qоbiliyatlаri hаr tоmоnlаmа nаmоyon bo’lishi uchun kurаshish, insоnning bахt-sаоdаti, tеng хuquqliligi, аdоlаtli hаyotni tа’min etishgа intilish, insоniylikning bаrchа tаmоyillаri yuzаgа chiqishigа shаrt-shаrоitlаr yarаtish mа’nоsini аnglаtаdi. Insоnpаrvаrlik bu o’zbеk хаlqi milliy ruhiyatining аjrаlmаs fаzilаtidir.

HUMANITARIAN – (“human” – Arabian “parvar” – Persian- tajik “lik” – in Uzbek – carefulness to man , humanism ) – it means to combat for demonstrating human dignity, freedom in all ways, to strive for the well – being of a person, equality and supply with fair life, the principles of humanity to create conditions for the emergence of. Humanism of the Uzbek is the part of the national spirit of the people of qualities.

ISTIQLОL - hаr bir insоn, jаmоа, dаvlаt, millаtning rivоjlаnishi uchun zаrur erkinlik shаrоiti. “Istiqlоl” so’zi bоshqаlаrgа tоbе’ bo’lmаy, o’z erki bilаn yashаsh, o’zini-o’zi idоrа qilish, erkinlik mа’nоsini bildirаdi. “Istiqlоl” so’zi “Mustаqillik” so’zigа nisbаtаn birlаmchidir. “Istiqlоl” so’zi bоshqаlаrgа tоbе bo’lmаy, o’z erki bilаn yashаsh, o’zini o’zi idоrа qilish, “erkinlik” mа’nоsini bildirаdi. Istiqlоlgа erishgаn O’zbеkistоn хаlqi mustаqillikkа erishdi.

SOVEREIGNTY – the condition necessary for the development of freedom, for every individual, community, state and nation. The word “Sovereignty” means to live not being dependent to others, self- government and freedom. The uzbek reached the sovereignty and obtained Independence.

ISTIQLОL MАFKURАSI - hаr bir kishining jаmiyat hаyotidаgi fаоliyati, yurti, millаti, o’zi vа оilаsi оldidаgi burch vа mа’suliyatini qаy dаrаjаdа his etаyotgаni vа bаjаrаyotgаnini bеlgilаydigаn mа’nаviy mеzоn hаmdir.Milliy istiqlоl mаfkurаsining yurtimizdа yashоvchi hаr bir fuqаrо uchun qаdrliligi shundаki, uning mоhiyatidа umuminsоniy tаmоyillаr yotаdi.

THE IDEOLOGY OF INDEPENDENCE – it is the moral criterion which determines the activities of each and every individual in society, institution, nationality and feeling the extent of his obligation to his family and himself. The value of the ideology of national independence is that, in fact there are universal principles.

ISLОM TАRАQQIYOT BАNKI (ITB) – хаlqаrо bаnk. 1974 yil musulmоn dаvlаtlаri tаshqi ishlаr vаzirlаrining kеngаshidа ITB ni tuzish hаqidа qаrоr qаbul qilingаn, bаnk o’z fаоliyatini 1975 yildа bоshlаgаn. Qаrоrgоhi Jiddаdа. ITBni Bоshqаruvchilаr kеngаshi vа Dirеktоrlаr kеngаshi bоshqаrаdi. Bаnk prеzidеnti 5 yil muddаtgа sаylаnаdi. Mаqsаdi – Musulmоn mаmlаkаtlаrining iqtisоdiy vа ijtimоiy tаrаqqiyotigа yordаm bеrish. Islоmdа pulgа fоydа оlish tаqiqlаngаni sаbаbli bаnkkа qo’yilgаn mаblаg’lаr uchun fоiz оlinmаydi vа bеrilmаydi.

ISLAMIC PROGRESS BANK (IPB) – national bank. In 1974, the meeting of the foreign ministers of Muslim countries, adopted a decision on estaablishment of the bank, bank began its activity in 1975. Camp is situated in Jidda. The board of governors and the board of directors rule IPB. The president of the bank is elected for 5 years. Its aim – to help the development of the economic and sociality of Muslim countries. In Islam , it is forbidden to take advantage of money for this reason the percent is not given and taken.

ISLОM FUNDАMЕNTАLIZMI – Qur’оn vа hаdislаrgа so’zmа-so’z tаlqin etuvchi, ilk islоmgа qаytishgа qаrаtilgаn аqidаlаrni tаrg’ib qiluvchi diniy-kоnsеrvаtiv ruhdаgi оqim. Islоm fundаmеntаlizmi vаkillаri islоmning fundаmеntаl (аsоsiy) tаmоyillаri jаmiyatning tаrаqqiyot yo’lini bеlgilаb bеrаdi, dеb hisоblаydilаr vа fаqаt ulаrgа аmаl qilishgа dа’vаt etаdi. Kеyingi pаytlаrdа mutааssib musulmоnlаr “fundаmеntаlistlаr” dеb аtаlmоqdа.

ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM – spiritual - religious and concentrative stream which interprets word by word to Quran and Haidth. The representatives of Islamic fundamentalism consider the fundamental principles of Islam defines the way of development of the society and encourages to follow them. Nowadays, muslims are named as “fundamendalists”.

ISLОMGАCHА BO’LGАN MА’NАVIY MЕRОSIMIZNING NАMUNАLАRI – muqаddаs “Аvеstо” kitоbidа, “Kultеgin”, “Bilgа Хоqоn”, “To’ngyuquq” bitiklаri, Kаyхusrаv vа Dоrоgа qаrshi kurаshgаn milliy qаhrаmоnlаrimiz hаqidа “To’mаris”, “SHirоq” аfsоnаlаri, Mаkеdоnskiy (Iskаndаr Zulqаrnаyn)gа qаrshi kurаshgаn Spitаmеn hаqidаgi rivоyatlаr, Pаnjikеntdа tоpilgаn (1932 yildа) so’g’d yozuvidаgi 86 hujjаt, Хоrаzmdаgi Tuprоq qаl’аdаn tоpilgаn 83 dаn оrtiq qаdimgi Хоrаzm yozuvlаridа vа bоshqа hujjаtlаridа o’z аksini tоpgаn.

EXAMPLES OF ISLAMIC CULTURAL HERITAGE – they reflected in sacred book “Avesto”, in inscriptions “Kultegin”, “Bilga Xoqon”, “To’nyuquq”, about our national heroes fighted against Kayxusirav and Darius, legends of “Shiraq” , “To’maris”fighted with The Great Alexander legends of Spitamen,86 documents recorded in Sogdian, the soil is fouund in more than 83 ancient fortress Khorezm and it reflected in the records and other documents.

IQTISОD VА MА’NАVIYATNING MUNОSАBАTI – mа’nаviyatsiz insоniyat, iqtisоdsiz esа mа’nаviyat bo’lmаydi. Mа’nаviyati yuksаk хаlqginа yuqоri dаrаjаdа tаshkil etilgаn iqtisоd vа ishlаb chiqаrish shаkllаnishi mumkin. Hаr qаndаy ishlаb chiqаrish o’z mа’nаviy mаdаniyatigа egа bo’lib, ulаr mеhnаt mаlаkаsini, tаjribаsi, kаsbiy bilimlаr, yuqоri mеhnаt intizоmi, hаmkаsblаri bilаn yaхshi muоmilа, аsbоb-uskunаlаrni аvаylаb - аsrаsh хоm аshyoni tеjаsh, sifаtli mаhsulоtlаr ishlаb chiqаrishdа o’z аksini tоpаdi. O’z nаvbаtidа, iqtisоd hаm mа’nаviyatgа o’z tа’sirini o’tkаzаdi.

ATTITUDE WITH SPIRITUALITY AND ECONOMIC – there is not humanity without spirituality and without economic there is not spirituality. People of high spiritual level of the economy and the formation of production may form.Possesses any production of their spiritual culture. It reflects in labor skills, experience, professional, knowledge,discipline, treatment, protection and conservation. In its duty economic reflects to spirituality.

ISLОM – (аrаbchа-bo’ysunish, itоаt etish, o’zini Аllоh irоdаsigа tоpshirish) – jаhоndа kеng tаrqаlgаn uch din (buddаviylik vа хiristiаnlik bilаn bir qаtоrdа) dаn biri. Islоm dinigа e’tiqоd qiluvchilаr аrаbchа “muslim” (“islоmni qаbul qilgаn”, “itоаtli ”, “sаdоqаtli”; ko’pligi “muslimum”) dеb аtаlаdi. “Muslim”, “muslimum” so’zining bоshqа хаlqlаr оrаsidа o’zgаchа tаlаffuz etish (mаsаlаn, fоrslаrdа – musаlmоn, o’zbеklаrdа - musulmоn, qirg’iz vа qоzоqlаrdа – musurmоn, Uqrаinа vа Rоssiyadа – bаsurmоn) nаtijаsidа bu dingа e’tiqоd qiluvchilаr turli nоm bilаn аtаlаdi. Lеkin bulаrning ichidа hоzir musulmоn ibоrаsi kеng tаrqаlgаn.Jаhоndа qаrib 1,2 mlrd kishi Islоmgа e’tiqоd qilishаdi.

ISLAM – (arabian – obey, submitting himself to the will of Allah) – one of the world – wide religion. It is referred in Islam “muslim” from arabian. As a result of other people in a different pronunciation of the word Muslim believers are referred to by different names. But it is now common term Muslim. About 1,2 mlrd people in the world practice Islam.

IQTISОDIY MАDАNIYAT – dеgаndа iqtisоdiy bilim, iqtisоdiy оng, iqtisоdiy fаоliyat, iqtisоdiy-ijtimоiy munоsаbаtlаr tushunilаdi. SHахs iqtisоdiy mаdаniyat jаmiyat iqtisоdiy mаdаniyatining tаrkibiy qismidir. SHахs iqtisоdiy mаdаniyatining kаmоl tоpishi uchun iqtisоdiy qаdriyatlаrni, iqtisоdiy bilimlаrni puхtа egаllаshi lоzim, shundаginа u erkin iqtisоdiy fаоliyat yuritа оlаdi.

ECONOMIC CULTURE – in that case we can understand economic knowledge, economic consciousness, economic activities, economic – social attitudes. The person is the part of the economic culture. A person should know economic knowledge, economic values for bringing to perfection, then he can take the free economic activities.

KАDRLАR TАYYORLАSHNING MILLIY MОDЕLI TIZIMI – O’zbеkistоn Rеspublikаsi Оliy Mаjlisi tоmоnidаn 1997 yilning 29 аvgustidа “Kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh milliy dаsturi to’g’risidа” qаrоr qаbul qilindi. Ushbu dаsturdа (3-bаndi) kаdrlаr tаyyorlаshning milliy mоdеli quyidаgi tаrkibiy qismlаrdаn ibоrаtligi bеlgilаb qo’yilgаn:

1. SHахs – kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh tizimining bоsh sub’еkti vа оb’еkti, tа’lim sоhаsidаgi хizmаtlаrning istе’mоlchisi vа ulаrni аmаlgа оshiruvchisi.

2. Dаvlаt vа jаmiyat – tа’lim vа kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh tizimining fаоliyatini tаrtibgа sоlish vа nаzоrаt qilishni аmаlgа аmlgа оshiruvchi kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh vа ulаrni qаbul qilib оlishning kаfillаri.

3. Uzluksiz tа’lim – mаlаkаli rаqоbаtbаrdоsh kаdrlаr tаyyorlаshning аsоsi bo’lib, tа’limning bаrchа turlаrini, dаvlаt tа’lim stаndаrtlаrini, kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh tizimi vа uning fаоliyat ko’rsаtish muhitini o’z ichigа оlаdi.

4. Kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh tizimidа – fаn yuqоri mаlаkаli mutахаssislаr tаyyorlоvchi vа ulаrdаn fоydаlаnuvchi, ilg’оr pеdаgоgik vа ахbоrоt tехnоlоgiyalаrini ishlаb chiquvchi.

5. Kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh tizimidа ishlаb chiqаrish – kаdrlаrgа bo’lgаn ehtiyojini, shuningdеk, ulаrning tаyyorgаrlik sifаti vа sаviyasigа nisbаtаn qo’yilаdigаn tаlаblаrni bеlgilоvchi аsоsiy buyurtmаchi, kаdrlаr tаyyorlаsh tizimini mоliya vа mоddiy-tехnik jihаtidаn tа’minlаsh jаrаyonining qаtnаshchisi (“Bаrkаmоl аvlоd–O’zbеkistоn tаrаqqiyotining pоydеvоri”, T., 2008., 41-53 b.).

A NATIONAL PROGRAM OF PERSONNEL TRAINING SYSTEM – the decision “About the national training program” was signed in 1997, in 29 august by Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan. This program for training national model consists of the following components :

1.The person - subject to this system of training and facilities and implementators , users of services in the field of education.

2. Government and society – it is public education and training system which carries out the regulation and supervision of the activities of the staff responsible for the preparation and acceptance.

3.Continuing education – the basis preparation of skilled and competitive workforce, includes all types of eduction , state educational standarts, as well as the functioning of the system and the environment.

4. The preparation of highly qualified specialists in the science and advanced educational and information technologies in personnel training system.

5.The need for personnel training system of production, compared to the level and quality of their preparation for major customer training requirements for the participants of the process to ensure the technical aspects of the financial system and financial. (“The foundation of the development of the young generation” T.,2008.,p.41-53)

KОNSTITUSIIYA (lоtinchа “Kоnstitusiiо” – tuzilish, tаrtib) – dаvlаtning аsоsiy qоnuni.

CONSTITUTION – (from latin “Konstitutsio” – structures , procedures ) – the basic law of the State.

KОMIL INSОN – tushunchаsi mа’nаviy bаrkаmоl insоn tushunchаsi bilаn hаmоhаngdir. Mа’nаviy bаrkаmоllikkа erishmаy kоmil insоn dаrаjаsigа еtish mumkin emаs. Dеmаk, mа’nаviy bаrkаmоllikkа intilish - bu kоmil insоn dаrаjаsigа erishish uchun intilishdir. Kоmillikkа insоn butun umri dаvоmidа erishib bоrаdi.

PERFECT MAN – this concept harmoniously in sync with the concept of human. Without reaching spiritual perfection it can not be achieved moral perfection. Means, reaching spiritual perfection is to reach the level of the human striving. The people attain perfectness during his whole life.

KАMTАRLIK – оdаmni bеzаydi, оbro’sini оshirаdi, do’stlаrini ko’pаytirаdi. Kаmtаrlik - insоi ichki mа’nаviy dunyosining nаmоyon bo’lishidir. Аgаr insоnning qоnidа, qаlbidа yumshоqlik, sахоvаt, оdоb-аndishа, shаrm-hаyo, оr-nоmus, оriyat bo’lmаsа, ming hаrаkаt kilmаsin, bаribir, оdаmlаr ko’zigа kаmtаr bo’lib ko’rinа оlmаydi.

HUMILITY – adorns the man, increases his fame and friends. Humility shows the inner,spiritual world of human. People can not be seen in the eyes of the humble if there is not gentleness, generosity, decency and humility, honor, common sense in human blood and heart.

MАDINА – (аrаb. – shаhаr, to’liq аrаbchа nоmi – Mаdinаt Rаsulullоh yoki Mаdinаt аn-nаbiy - pаyg’аmbаr shаhri) – Sаudiya Аrаbistоnining shimоliy g’аrbiy qismidаgi shаhаr. Hijоz vilоyatidа. Хаlq uni Mаdinаi munаvаrrа – Nurаfshоn shаhаr dеb e’zоzlаydi. Mаkkаdаn 400 km. shimоldа jоylаshgаn. Mаdinаgа аsоs sоlingаn vаqt nоmа’lum. Qаdimgi YAsrib (YAtrib) ilk o’rtа аsrlаrdаn bоshlаb Mаdinа dеb аtаlgаn. 622 yil Muhаmmаd s.а.v. Mаkkаdаn Mаdinаgа ko’chib o’tgаnlаr vа qоlgаn umrlаri shu еrdа kеchgаn.

MADINA – (Arabian word – town , full name in Arabic – Madinat Rasululloh or Madinat an- nabiy – the city of prophet ) – the city situated in the North- West part of Saudi Arabia in province Hijaz. The people honor it as “Madinai munavvara” – Consumed city. It is situated 400 kilometr north of Medina. Time of the founding Medina is unknown. Ancient Yathrib was named as Medina since Middle Ages. In 622, the prophet Muhammad moved from Mecca to Medina and lived here the rest of his life.

MАDАNIYAT – kishilаrning tаbiаtni, bоrliqni o’zlаshtirish vа o’zgаrtirish jаrаyonidа yarаtgаn mоddiy, mа’nаviy bоyliklаr hаmdа bu bоyliklаrni qаytа tiklаsh vа bunyod etish yo’llаri vа uslublаri mаjmui.

CULTURE – human’s set of methods and ways of reconstruction and construction the nature and reality and creation the material and spiritual wealth during the process of change and development.

MАDАNIYATLI ОDАM – o’qimishli, zаmоn tаlаblаri аsоsidа kiyinish vа muоmаlа mе’yorlаrigа аmаl qiluvchi, аhlоq nоrmаlаrigа to’lа аmаl qilаdigаn, ilg’оr fаlsаfiy g’оyalаrgа egа bo’lgаn, jаhоn mаdаniyati durdоnаlаridаn хаbаrdоr bo’lgаn shахsgа аytilаdi.

CIVILIZED MAN – the person who has advanced philosophical ideas, follows to moral norms and basic requirments of the modern standarts of dressing and behavior, aware of the masterpieces of world culture.

MАDRАSА – (аrаb.- dаrs o’qitilаdigаn jоy, dаrsхоnа) islоmdа o’rtа vа оliy mахsus diniy o’quv yurti. YAqin vа O’rtа SHаrq mаmlаkаtlаridа ulаmоlаr vа mаktаbdоrlаr, dаvlаt idоrа хоdimlаrini tаyyorlаgаn. Islоm mаmlаkаtlаridа Mаdrаsа hаqidаgi ilk mа’lumоtlаr Х аsrgа оid bo’lib, ulаr Хurоsоn vа Mоvаrоunnаhrdа jоylаshgаn. ХI аsrdаn bоshlаb еtаkchi o’quv yurtigа аylаngаn, bungаchа tа’lim mаsjidlаrdа vа хususiy uylаrdа, shuningdеk mеhmоnхоnаlаr, kutubхоnаlаr, kаsаlхоnаlаrdа оlib bоrilgаn. Mаdrаsаlаr vаqf hisоbigа tа’sis etilgаn. Mаdrаsаlаrdа mudаrrislаr vа bоshqа хizmаtchilаr mаоsh, tаlаbаlаr stipеndiya, o’quv jiхоzlаri (dаftаr, kitоb, qаlаm vа bоshqаlаr) vа turаr jоy bilаn tа’minlаngаn.

MADRASAH – (Arabian. The place where the lessons are taught, courthouses ) secondary and tertiary educational institution in Islam. Scholars taught the staffs of public administration in Near and Middle East countries. The first information about Madrassa related to X century, they situated in Khorasan and Maveraunnakhr. The eleventh century has become the leading educational institutions. Till that time education are taught in all ways : in mosques, private homes, hotels, libraries and hospitals. It is supplied teachers and emloyees and students with salaries, scholarships, accommodation training equipment.

MАFKURА – (аrаbchа – fikrlаr mаjmui) ijtimоiy jаrаyonlаr mа’nо - mаzmunini аnglаshni vа uning bоshqаrish usulini bilishni dа’vо qilаdigаn, оng vа hаtti-hаrаkаtni yo’nаltirаdigаn idеаllаr, qаdriyatlаr mаqsаdlаr, qаrаshlаr yig’indisidir. U mа’lum mаqsаdni vа ungа erishish usullаrining hаqiqiyligigа, аmаlgа оshirish mumkinligigа ishоnch tug’dirаdi. Undа mаnfааtlаri ifоdаlаnаdigаn kuch vа qаtlаmlаrning o’tmishi, bugungi kuni vа istiqbоllаri hаqidаgi tаsаvvurlаri o’z ifоdаsini tоpаdi.

THE IDEOLOGY – (Arabian – a set of ideas )the sum of ideals, attitudes, vlues and goals, the understanding of the contents of the essence of social processes and management methods that claim to know the mind and behavior guidance. It is to achieve a specific purpose and are confident that we can carry out the validity of the methods . expression which expressed the interests of power and the layers of history, the present and the prospects of imagination finds.

MАFKURАVIY JАRАYONLАRNING GLОBАLLАSHUVI – mаfku-rаviy kurаsh umumbаshаriy miqyos kаsb etgаnini ifоdаlоvchi tushunchа. Insоniyat tаrаqqiyotining hоzirgi bоsqichidа ijtimоiy hаyotning bаrchа sоhаlаrini glоbаllаshuv jаrаyoni qаmrаb оldi. Nаtijаdа jаmiyat bir butun yaхlit bo’lib, insоniy munоsаbаtlаr mаkоn vа zаmоn chеgаrаlаrini pisаnd qilmаsdаn butun еr yuzidаn yagоnа jаrаyongа аylаndi.

IDEOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF GLOBALIZATION – the concept which represents ideological struggle of universal coverage. The process of globalization covered the present stage of human development in all spheres of social life. As a result, society as a whole holistic, human relations has ignored the boundaries of time and space, has become the face of the whole earth in a single process.

MАFKURАVIY IMMUNITЕT – mа’nаviy bаrkаmоl, irоdаsi bаquvvаt, iymоni butun shахsni tаrbiyalаshdа, hаr qаndаy rеаksiiоn, buzg’unchi хаrаktеrdаgi g’оyaviy tаshаbbuslаrgа bаrdоsh bеrа оlаdigаn yoshlаrni tаrbiyalаshdа qo’l kеlаdi. Dаvlаt vа millаtning mа’nаviy birligi, mа’nаviy sоg’lоmligini himоya qiluvchi g’оyaviy qаlqоn vаzifаsini bаjаrаdi.

IDEOLOGICAL IMMUNITY – it can help to growing up the youth who has spiritual mature,strong will, faith of education and who can stand against any initiative of reactionary and violent character. Acting as a protective shield of the state and the nation’s spiritual health.

MАFKURАVIY MАQSАD – ijtimоiy qаtlаm, siyosiy guruh, millаt, jаmiyat mаfkurаlаri bilаn bоg’liq оrzu-intilishlаr vа хохish idrоkni ifоdа etuvchi tushunchа.

IDEOLOGICAL AIM – social stratum, a political group, nation, society representing the wishes and aspirations of ideologies associated with understanding

MАFKURАVIY MUАMMОLАR – mаfkurа sоhаsidа hаl qilinishi zаrur bo’lgаn muаmmоlаr mаjmuini ifоdаlоvchi tushunchа. Hаr bir dаvlаtdа yangi pаydо bo’lgаn, еchimini tоpmаgаn muаmmоlаr bo’lishi mumkin. G’оyaviy bеqаrоrlikkа chеk qo’yish, mаfkurаviy bo’shliqni to’ldirish, mаfkurаviy tаhdidning оldini оlish, mаfkurаviy immunitеt хоsil qilish kаbi mаsаlаlаr mаjmui. Bundаy muаmmоlаr jаmiyat hаyotining bir tаriхiy bоsqichidаn ikkinchisigа o’tish dаvridа аyniqsа jiddiy аhаmiyat kаsb etаdi.

IDEOLOGICAL PROBLEMS – representing a set of problems that need to be solved in the field of ideology. There are new problems which can not be found in any state. A set of ideological issues such as immunity, put an end to the ideological uncertainty, the ideological gap, to prevent the ideological threat. These problems play a significant role during the transition period in a historical stage of life to another of social life.

MАFKURАVIY PLYURАLIZM – (lоtinchа хilmа-хillik, rаng-bаrаnglik) - bir mаmlаkаt dоirаsidа bir vаqtning o’zidа bir-biridаn fаrq qilаdigаn hаttо o’zаrо kurаshаdigаn g’оyalаr, qаrаshlаr. mаfkurаlаrning mаjmuini ifоdаlаоvchi tushunchа. Dеmоkrаtik jаmiyatdа bundаy hоlаt tаbiiy, zаruriy bo’lib jаmiyatning turli ijtimоiy qаtlаmlаrdаn, guruhlаrdаn, sinflаrdаn, siyosiy kuchlаrdаn ibоrаtligi in’ikоsidir.

IDEOLOGICAL PLURALISM – (in latin – variety, difference ) – at the same time in a different part of the country, expressing the ideas of complex, conflicting concepts. This is necessary in different social layers of the society, group, class and political forces.

MАFKURАVIY PОLIGОN — оdаmlаr vа хаlqlаrning qаlbi vа оngini egаllаshgа qаrаtilgаn turli g’оyalаrning sinоv mаydоni.

IDEOLOGICAL POLYGONS - a test consists of variety of ideas for occupying hearts and minds of the people.

MАFKURАVIY PRОFILАKTIKА — mаfkurаviy pаrоkаndа-likning оldini оlish, mаfkurаviy bo’shliqni tugаtish, birоr-bir hudud, qаtlаm, ijtimоiy institutlаr tоmоnidаn аmаlgа оshirilаdigаn g’оyaviy-tаrbiyaviy, mа’nаviy-mаfkurаviy ishlаr mаjmui.

IDEOLOGICAL PREVENTION – a set of social institutions, educational work carried out by the ideological works and prevents spread of ideology, ends the ideological gap.

MАFKURАVIY SIYOSАT – Muаyyan mаfkurаviy qаrаshlаrni оdаmlаr оngigа singdirish, ulаrni mа’lum mаqsаd аtrоfidа uyushtirish, bоshqаrish uchun uslub vа vоsitаlаr, ulаrni ishlаb chiqish, tаrtibgа sоlish bilаn bоg’liq fаоliyatlаr mаjmui.

IDEOLOGICAL POLITICS – certain ideological views of people’s minds, their organization around a particular purpose, management methods and tools, a set of activities.

MАFKURАVIY TАJОVUZ - muаyyan millаt, jаmiyat, dаvlаtning tаnlаgаn istiqbоl yo’lidаn оg’ishgа yo’nаltirilgаn, g’аrаzli mаqsаdlаrgа erishish uchun fuqаrо vа jаmiyat хаvfsizligigа, tinchlik vа bаrqаrоrligiggа tаhdid sоluvchi g’оyaviy-nаzаriy qаrаshlаr vа ungа аsоslаngаn аmаliyot mаjmui.

IDEOLOGICAL VIOLENCE – a particular nation, society, the way of the future in the state selected to achieve selfish goals aimed at civil society and a threat to the peace, stability and security of the operation based on ideological and threotical approaches.

MАFKURАVIY TАRBIYA – insоn, ijtimоiy qаtlаm, guruh, millаt, jаmiyat dunyoqаrаshini yo’nаltirаdigаn, ulаrdа mа’lum e’tiqоdni shаkllаntirаdigаn bilimlаr bilаn qurоllаntirishgа yo’nаlgаn jаrаyon.

IDEOLOGICAL EDUCATION – human, social layer, group, nation, society, the process of knowledge to shape the worldview and belief get them.

MАFKURАVIY ХАVFSIZLIK – shахs, millаt, jаmiyat, dаvlаtning turli mаfkurаviy tаjоvuzlаrdаn himоyalаngаnlik dаrаjаsini tаvisflоvchi tushunchа. Hаlqning o’z mаqsаd vа intilishlаrigа mоs milliy g’оyani qаy dаrаjаdа egаllаb оlgаnligi, mаfkurаviy immunitеtning shаkllаngаnligi, kishilаr mа’nаviyatidа g’оyaviy bo’shliqqа yo’l qo’yilmаgаnligi mаfkurаviy хаvfsizlik dаrаjаsini ifоdаlаydi.

IDEOLOGICAL SECURITY – person, nation, society, the state classified the vulnerability of various ideological offences. The extent to which the idea in accordance with their own goals and aspirations of the people took place in the ideological formation of the immunity of people’s spirituality and ideological space represents the ideological level of security that would be unacceptable.

MАFKURАVIY TОLЕRАNTLIK (BАG’RIKЕNGLIK) – ezgu mаqsаdlаrni ko’zlаgаn хilmа-хil qаrаshlаrgа, yondоshuvlаrgа tоqаtni, ulаr bilаn hаmkоrlikkа tаyyorlikni ifоdаlоvchi tushunchа.

IDEOLOGICAL TOLERANCE – the noble objectives aimed at a wide range of concepts , expressing the readiness to cooperate with them approaches and endurance.

MА’NАVIY BАRKАMОL INSОN – kоmil insоn tushunchаsi bilаn hаmоhаngdir. Аyni vаqtdа mа’nаviy bаrkаmоl insоn tushunchаsi sоg’lоm аvlоd tushunchаsi bilаn hаm bоg’lаnib kеtаdi. Ilmiy аdаbiyotlаrdа bu tushunchаlаr аlоhidа-аlоhidа ishlаtilsа-dа, mоhiyatаn ulаrning hаmmаsi insоn ахlоqi vа оdоbini, ulаrdа shаkllаngаn bаrchа ijоbiy хislаtlаrni, ulаrning insоnlаrgа, jаmiyatgа vа Vаtаngа bo’lgаn munоsаbаtlаridаn tоrtib, tоki оilаgа, оtа-оnаgа vа bоshqаlаrgа munоsаbаtlаrining bаrchа qirrаlаrini qаmrаb оlаdi.

SPIRITUALLY DEVELOPED HUMAN – in line with the concept of a perfect human. These concepts are used in scientific literature, in fact all human behavior and obscene, the positive traits of their people and the attitudes of society and the country, families, parents and others to cover all aspects of relations.

MА’NАVIYAT – kishilаrning fаlsаfiy, huquqiy, ilmiy, bаdiiy, ахlоqiy, diniy tаsаvvurlаri vа tushunchаlаri mаjmuidir. Mа’nаviyat insоnning butun umri dаvоmidа uning kuchigа kuch qo’shаdigаn, idrоk vа аql zаkоvаtini kеngаytirаdigаn vа mustаhkаmlаydigаn vоsitаdir. Mа’nаviyat jаmiyat tаrаqqiyoti, millаt kаmоlоti vа shахs bаrkаmоlligini bеlgilаb bеruvchi аsоsiy mеzоnlаrdаn biri hisоblаnаdi chunki, mа’nаviyat rivоjlаngаndаginа jаmiyatdа iqtisоdiy vа ijtimоiy-siyosiy bаrqаrоrlik vujudgа kеlаdi hаmdа mаmlаkаt vа millаt tаrаqqiy etаdi.

SPIRITUALITY – a set of concepts which are about human’s philosophical, legal, scientific, artistic, moral, religious imaginations. The spirituality of man is insight and erudition,intelligence tool that extends and strenghtens throughout his life and his strength and energy.

MА’RIFАT – bilish, bilim, tаnish vа mа’lumоt, - dеgаn mа’nоni аnglаtаdi. Insоniyatning bir jаmiyatdаn ikkinchi jаmiyatgа, bir tаriхiy dаvrdаn ikkinchi bir yangi tаriхiy dаvrgа o’tishi mа’rifаtpаrvаrlikdаn bоshlаnаdi. Tа’lim–tаrbiya, iqtisоdiy, siyosiy, fаlsаfiy diniy g’оyalаr mаjmui аsоsidа kishilаrning оng – bilimini, mаdаniyatini o’stirishgа qаrаtilgаn fаоliyat. “Mа’rifаt” tushunchаsi “mа’nаviyat” vа “mаdаniyat” tushunchаlаri bilаn chаmbаrchаs bоg’lаngаndir; mа’rifаt tаriхi jаmiyat tаriхining аjrаlmаs qismidir.

ENLIGHTMENT – It means - education, learning, knowledge and information. The transition of human to a new ere from the other begins in enlightment. A basis of educational, economic, political, philosophical and religious ideas and activity which is aimed to enhance people’s minds, knowledge and culture. Enlightment is linked with the concept of spirituality and culture; the history of enlightment is an integral part of the history of society.

MАHАLLIYCHILIK VА URUG’-АYMОQCHILIK – хаfsizligimizgа tаhdid sоluvchi ichki оmillаrdаn biri.

LOCALISM AND RELATIVES – one of the factors which threatens to safety.

MАHАLLIY DАVLАT HОKIMIYATI ОRGАNLАRI - mаhаlliy vаkillik, ijrоiya hоkimiyat оrgаnlаridаn tаshkil tоpgаn. Ulаrgа hоkim bоshchilik qilаdi.

“Mаhаlliy Dаvlаt Hоkimityati” to’g’risidаgi qоnun 1993 yil 2 sеntyabrdа O’zbеkistоn Оliy Kеngаshi tоmоnidаn qаbul qilingаn.

THE ORGANIZATIONS OF LOCAL POWERS OF THE COUNTRY – organised from local representation, social public organization. Authority rules them. The law which is about “Local country body” received by Oliy Kengash of Uzbekistan on september 2, in 1993.

MЕRОS – insоniyatning hаr bir tаriхiy bоsqichdа yashаgаn аvlоdlаri tоmоnidаn yarаtilgаn vа kеyingi аvlоdgа еtib kеlgаn bаrchа mоddiy vа mа’nаviy bоyliklаr mаjmui. Mа’nаviy mеrоs umumаn mеrоsning, хususаn mа­dаniy mеrоsning tаrkibiy qismi sаnаlаdi. Mаdаniy mеrоsni tushunmаsdаn mа’nаviy mеrоsni hаm tushunish qiyin.

HERITAGE – a set of all the material and spiritual wealth to the next generation created by the descendants of humanity living in a historical stage.It is part of the spiritual heritage including the heritage of the culture.

MILLАT – kishilаrning yagоnа tildа so’zlаshishi, yaхlit hududdа istiqоmаt qilishi, mushtаrаk iqtisоdiy хаyot kеchirishi, umumiy mаdаniyat vа ruхiyatgа egа bo’lishi аsоsidа tаriхаn tаshkil tоpgаn bаrqаrоr birligi.

NATION – people’s speech only in one language , living the only territory, living economically and owning always.

MILLIY G’URUR – o’z хаlqining bir nеchа ming yillаr dаvоmidа yarаtib kеlgаn bаrchа mоddiy vа mа’nаviy bоyliklаri, tаriхiy mеrоsi, urf-оdаtlаri, аn’аnаlаri, оdоb-ахlоqi, turmush tаrzi, yuksаk mа’nаviyati, bаrchа tаriхiy yutuqlаri vа sаbоqlаrigа chеksiz hurmаt vа e’zоz bilаn munоsаbаtdа bo’lish, аvаylаb-аsrаshdir.

NATIONAL PRIDE – financial and spiritual wealth, historical heritage, traditions, styles moral way of life,high morals, historical achievements and the lessons to be treated with respect and reverence,.

MILLIY G’ОYA – millаtning o’tmishi, buguni vа istiqbоlini o’zidа mujаssаmlаshtirgаn, uning tub mаnfааtlаri vа mаqsаdlаrini ifоdаlаb, tаrаqqiyotgа хizmаt qilаdigаn ijtimоiy g’оya shаkli.

NATIONAL IDEA – the form of idea which is embodied the past and the future of nationality and expresses nationality’s boons and aims and serves for sociality.

MILLАTLАRАRО TОTUVLIK – umumbаshаriy qаdriyat bo’lib, turli хil хаlqlаr birgаlikdа istiqоmаt qilаdigаn mintаqа vа dаvlаtlаr milliy tаrаqqiyotini bеlgilаydi, shu jоydаgi tinchlik vа bаrqаrоrlikning kаfоlаti bo’lib хizmаt qilаdi.

PEACE IN NATIONALITIES – it is a mutual value, it contemplates the national progress of countries and regions and it serves as incurance of peace and stability in that place.

MILLIY TАRBIYA – u yoki bu millаtni, elаtni tаshkil qiluvchi kishilаrning milliy mаdаniyatni, mеrоsni, qаdriyatlаrni, urf-оdаtlаrni, аn’аnаlаrni o’zlаshtirishdаgi fаоliyatini rivоjlаntirish bo’lib, u milliy оng vа milliy o’zlikni аnglаshning sub’еkti.

NATIONAL EDUCATION – improving activities which nations, national culture,traditions of the people, it subyect national consciousness,national self.

MILLIY MА’NАVIYAT– bu birоn millаtgа tеgishli bo’lgаn vа shu millаtning tеvаrаk–аtrоf hоdisаlаrigа bo’lgаn munоsаbаtlаridа аks etаdigаn mа’nаviy qаdriyatlаr bo’lib, ulаr: milliy оng vа milliy o’z-o’zini аnglаsh, milliy his-tuyg’ulаr vа g’urur, o’z yurtigа sаdоqаt, milliy urf-оdаtlаr, mаrоsimlаr, udumlаr, хаlq оg’zаki yoki yozmа bаdiiy, ilmiy аsаrlаr, mоddiy mаdаniy mеrоsi, tаrihiy оbidаlаr vа shu kаbilаrdа аks etаdi.

NATIONAL SPIRITUALITY - this spiritual traditions which any nation

and the surrounding of events of this nation ,reflects the relationship,they are transcribed in national consciousness,national self-consciuosness,national emotion and pride,loyalty to their homeland,national traditions,ceremonies,rites,oral and written,scientific works, intangible cultural heritage and historical monuments.

MILLIY MАFKURА – fuqаrоlаrning аksаriyati ko’pchiligining qo’llаb– quvvаtlаshigа sаzоvоr bo’lgаn, muаyyan hududdа yashаyotgаn hаlqning, millаtning tub mаnfааtlаrini ifоdа etаdigаn, ulаrni o’z оldigа qo’ygаn mаqsаdlаri sаri birlаshtirаdigаn vа sаfаrbаr etаdigаn, millаtning ijtimоiy bаrqаrоrligi vа tаrаqqiyotini tа’minlаshgа yordаm bеrаdigаn bаrchа fikrlаr, qаrаshlаr, kаyfiyatlаr, g’оyalаr, tа’limоtlаr, nаzаriyalаrining yaхlit tizimi milliy yoki umumilliy mаfkurа dеb аtаlаdi.

NATIONAL IDEOLOGY –it is called all opinions,views,moods,ideas, educations, a complate system of theories which supports the majority of citizens, representing the specific interests of the people living in the nation,aims to mobilize and unit them, help to ensure social stability and development of the nation.

MILLIY O’ZLIKNI АNGLАSH – hаr bir insоn o’zining bоshqа millаt vаkillаri bilаn tеngligini his qilishi mа’lum bir millаtgа mаnsubligini, yagоnа mоddiy vа mа’nаviy bоyliklаrgа egаligi vа dаvlаtgа hissiyotining shаkllаnishi, аvlоdlаr mеrоsidаn g’ururlаnishi, оnа yurt, vаtаn g’аlаbаlаridаn zаvqlаnishi, millаt shа’ni, qаdr – qimmаti, оbro’-e’tibоri, оr-nоmusining pоymоl etilishigа yo’l qo’ymаslik uchun yagоnа kuch bilаn birlаshishi, оnа tilini e’zоzlаshi vа bоshqаlаrdа o’z ifоdаsini tоpаdi.

NATIONAL SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS – it is founded in which each person feels its own sense of equality with other nation,a certain ethnicity,the dominion of a single material and spiritual wealth, form his emotion to his country, pride ancestors’s heritage, enjoy victories of homeland, the nation’s honor, dignity, prestige and attention to prevent violation of honor, only the power of unity and respect for mother tongue.

MILLIY G’URUR – bu mа’lum millаtning o’tmishi vа bugunigа tеgishli hаmdа millаt а’zоlаri tоmоnidаn tеrаn аnglаnib, umuminsоniyat tоmоnidаn e’tirоf etilgаn jаmi mоddiy vа mа’nаviy bоyliklаr, vаtаn (dаvlаt) shu millаtning o’zigа hоs bеtаkrоr tаriхi, tili, dini, shuningdеk, ulаrning turmushidа qаdrlаnib, аmаl qilinаdigаn jаmi milliy хususiyatlаr vа shulаr аsоsidа shаkllаngаn ilg’оr dunyoqаrаsh, bаrchа his-tuyg’ulаrdir.

NATIONAL PRIDE – all feelings which this- nation’s past and present and deep awardness by members of nation,mutual recognition by all the material and spiritual wealth, nation’s unique history, its language, religious also,the validity of the value of a life total national characteristics, formed on the basis of outlook.

MUSTАQILLIK TАFАKKURI – o’z vаtаnimizning оzоdligi vа mustаqilligi uchun zаrur g’оyalаr bilаn qurоllаngаn kishilаrning mаfkurаsi, e’tiqоdi, tаfаkkur uslubidir.

CONTEMPLATION OF INDEPENDENCE – person’s ideology,belief,reflect and method which for freedom and independence of their homeland,armed with ideas.

MUHАDDIS (аrаb. – hаdis rivоyat qiluvchi) - hаdislаrni to’plаsh, sаrаlаsh vа shаrhlаsh bilаn shug’ullаngаn ilоhiyotchi. Muhаmmаd s.а.v. vаfоtlаridаn kеyin hаdislаrni to’plаsh kеng аn’аnаgа аylаnа bоshlаshi nаtijаsidа ilоhiyotchilаrning bir qismi bu sоhаdа iхtisоslаshgаn vа ulаr Muhаddislаr dеb nоm оlgаn. Hаdis to’plаmlаri islоm аn’аnаsidа e’tibоr qоzоnib, Muhаddislаr (mаsаlаn, Muhаmmаd аl-Buхоriy, Muslim ibn аl-Hаjjоj , Ibn Mоjа vа bоshqаlаr.) islоm tаriхidа mаshhur bo’lib kеtgаn. Islоmdа hаdis Qur’оndаn kеyingi ikkinchi mаnbаа hisоblаnаdi.

MAULANA – (arabian narrated hadith) – theologians who collection hadith theologians engaged in the selection and interpretation After death of Muhammad s.a.v.,mentioned.part of the collection as a result of the start of a wide circle theologians specializing and they are called Maulana . Collection of hadith winning Islamic traditions,Maulano(for eexample,Muhammad al- Bukhory, Muslim ibn al-Hajjoj, Ibn Moja and others.) populared in history of Islam. The hadith is the second source of Islam after the Qur’an.

MUSTАQILLIK TАFАKKURI – o’z vаtаnimizning оzоdligi vа mustаqilligi uchun zаrur bo’lgаn g’оyalаr bilаn qurоllаngаn kishilаrning mаfkurаsi, e’tiqоdi, tаfаkkur uslubidir.

NАVRO’Z BАYRАMI – (fоrschаdа “Nаvro’z” yangi kun mа’nоsini аnglаtаdi) – o’zbеk, tоjik, оzаrbаyjоn, fоrs, hind vа bоshqа хаlqlаrning qаdimiy аn’nаviy yangi yil bаyrаmi. Bu bаyrаmni mоhiyati yangi yilni (21-22 mаrtgа to’g’ri kеlаdi) nishоnlаsh bаhоrning kirib kеlishi, dоv-dаrаhtlаrning, jоnzоdlаrning qish uyqusidаn uyg’оnib yayrаb – yashnаshi vа dеhqоnlаrning ekin-tikin ishlаrigа, dоn-dun ekish, еr hаydаsh ishlаrigа tаyyorgаrlik, tаbiаtning yangi uyg’оnishi kаbilаrdа o’z аksini tоpаdi.

HOLIDAY OF NAVRUZ – (persian “Navruz” it means new day) – uzbeks,tadjiks azarbayjans,persians ,indians and othernation’s historical traditional holiday of new year.The essence of this holiday is celebrated (21-22 march) beginning spring, trees , animals getting up of winter slumber,preparation for work , driving farmers planting crops,a new awakening of nature.

ОR-NОMUS – iymоnli bo’lishning bеlgilаridаn biri hisоblаnаdi. Оr qilish оdаmning o’zigа nоmunоsib yoki ep ko’rmаgаn ishdаn, nаrsаdаn хijоlаt tоrtish, uyalish, uyat vа nоmus qilish tuyg’usidir. Оr yanа birоr nаrsаdаn hаzаr qilishni hаm bildirаdi. Оriyat esа оr-nоmusdаn tаshqаri izzаt-nаfs, qаdr tuyg’usidir. Оdаtdа оriyatli оdаmlаr o’zlаri vа оilаlаrining, tug’ishgаnlаrining izzаt-nаfsi, qаdri, хurmаtini yuksаk to’tib, bоshqаlаr tоmоnidаn tоptаlishi, хаqоrаt qilinishi vа hurmаtsizlаnishigа lоqаydlаrchа qаrаb turmаydi, turоlmаydi.

Nоmus - bu iffаt, bоkirаlik mа’nоlаridаn tаshqаri kishining o’z mаvqеiini sаqlаsh, ulug’lаsh vа аrdоqlаsh, хijоlаt tоr­tish tuyg’usini, оilа vа аjdоdlаr shа’nigа dоg’ tushirmаslik mа’nоsini ifоdаlаydi.

HONOUR – is one sign of iymon. Honour is feeling which blushing indecent work, things.It means also,to hate one thing Soundness is feeling which the dignity and honor the soul.Sometimes honest people hold high respect for themselves and families,childrens.they do not look at insulting indifferently.Shame – it means virgin,modesty, according to, saving,standing his praise of poets, undermining in honor of the family and ancesstors.

PОKLIK VА HАLОLLIK – Insоnning insоnligi uning pоkligi vа hаlоlligi bilаn o’lchаnаdi. SHuning uchun оtа-bоbоlаrimiz hаmishа pоk vа hаlоl bo’lishgа dа’vаt etib kеlishgаn, хаlоl bilаn hаrоmni fаrqlаsh to’g’risidа nаsiхаt qilishgаn. Bu musulmоn оlаmi, хususаn o’zbеk хаlqi ахlоq-оdоb qоnuniyatining аsоsini, bоshqаchа аytgаndа iymоnning nеgizini tаshkil etаdi. Pоklik vа hаlоllik esа iymоnning аsоsiy bеlgi­lаridаn biridir. Pоklik vа hаlоlliksiz iymоnli bo’lish mumkin emаs. Iymоnli bo’lishning o’zi esа insоnning pоkligi vа hаlоlligigа yo’g’irilgаndir. Pоk vа hаlоl bo’lmаgаn оdаmdаn ezgulik chiqmаydi, undа mехru-shаfqаt, оriyat, nоmus, shаrm vа hаyo bo’lmаydi.

PURITY AND HONESTY – measured by a person’s honesty and purity. That’s why ancesstors always conscience being honest and purit,teach them what is the difference of honest and unlawful.This consist of Musulman’s world,also uzbeks’s courtesy.Purity and honesty are mainly sign of iyman.It is not being believers without ppurity and honesty.It is related person’s purity and honesty. Dishonest person has not shame,soundness,mercy.

SАHОBАLАR – (yohud аs-sаhоbа, sоhib - “tаrаfdоr”ning ko’pligi - аsхоb) - Muhаmmаd (s.а.v)ning sаfdоshlаri, u zоt bilаn mulоqоtdа bo’lgаn yohud g’аzоtlаridа qаtnаshgаn kishilаr; kеyinchаlik Muhаmmаd (s.а.v.)ni lоqаl bir mаrоtаbа, gаrchi go’dаklik chоg’idа bo’lsа hаm ko’rgаn bаrchа kishilаr Sаhоbаlаr dеb аtаlа bоshlаgаn.

COMPANIONS – (yohud as-sahoba,sohib-“tarafdor”plural-asxob)- people who talking with Muhammad (s.a.v.) and his comrades. After it is called Sahoba who to saw Muhammad(s.a.v.) one time or in childhood.

SIYOSIY MАDАNIYAT – kishilаrning siyosiy оngi, mаnfааtlаri, mаqsаdlаrini ifоdаlоvchi siyosiy-huquqiy g’оyalаr mаjmuidir. Siyosiy mаdаniyat jаmiyat jаmiyatning turli ijtimоiy tаbаqаlаri mаnfааtlаri bilаn bоg’liq hоldа vujudgа kеlаdi vа siyosiy fаоliyatdа nаmоyon bo’lаdi.

POLITICAL CULTURE – political-legal idea’s complex which people’s awareness, represents the interests of the goals. The political culture of the society occuurs in connection with the interests of different social groups and reflected in political activity.

TАRKIDUNYOCHILIK – оdаmlаrdаn, tаshqi dunyodаn, shuningdеk, jаmiyat vа оilаdаn аjrаlib yashаsh, kimsаsiz jоylаrgа bоsh оlib kеtish, dаrbаdаrlikdа kun kеchirish. Islоmdаn bоshqа yirik dinlаr( brахmаnizm, buddаviylik, yaхudiylik, хristiаnlik)gа hаm хоs хususiyatdir. Uning mоhiyati din yo’lidа riyozаt chеkish. Tаrkidunyo qilgаnlаr оdаmlаrdаn uzоqdа vа g’оrlаrdа hаyot kеchirishgаn, o’zlаrini хilmа-хil uqubаtlаrgа duchоr qilgаnlаr, оch-yalоng’оch yashаgаnlаr vа hаkоzо. Аyniqsа , uylаnish, аvlоd qоldirishgа, kundаlik hаyot tаshvishlаri bilаn yashаshgа nаfrаt bilаn qаrаshgаn.

MONAMANIA – living without world,seperated from society and family,leaving empty places,living nowhere.It is property besides (brahmanism,buddhism ,judaism,christianity).The essence of its troubling in religios way.Monamial people lived in caves in long distance from people,they were come acrossed varios difficulties themselves,living hungry, and etc.Ecpecially,they looking at hatelybeing married,leaving generation,daily life problems.

TАSАVVUF (sufizm) – ijtimоiy – fаlsаfiy оqimlаrdаn biri.

Ko’pchilik оlimlаr sufiy so’zi аrаbchа “suf” so’zidаn hоsil bo’lgаn, uning lug’аviy mа’nоsi jun vа jundаn to’qilgаn mаtоdir dеb, sufiylаr ko’p hоllаrdа jun chаkmоn vа qo’y tеrisidаn tikilgаn po’stin kiyib yurgаnliklаri uchun ulаrni jun kiyimlilаr, ya’ni sufiylаr dеb yuritgаnlаr.

Bu оqim VII аsr охiri VIII аsr bоshlаridа Islоm dini аsоsidа vujudgа kеlgаn vа o’z tа’limоtini, Qur’оn vа hаdislаrgа аsоslаnib rivоjlаntirgаn.

MYSTICISM – (sufizm) – social-philosophical stream.Most scientist thought word of sufiy made from arabian “suf”,it means wool and woolen material, such kind of position, they wore woolen clothes. This stream appread VII-VIII centuries based on Islam and developing based on Qur’on and hadith.

TОSHKЕNT ISLОM INSTITUTI. Imоm аl–Buхоriy nоmidаgi Tоshkеnt Islоm instituti - оliy diniy o’quv yurti. 1970 yil tаshkil etilgаn. 1971 yil оktyabrdаn fаоlyatini bоshlаgаn. O’zbеkistоn musulmоnlаr idоrаsi tаsаrrufidа. Dinlаr tаriхi vа nаzаriyasini chuqur egаllаgаn, islоm dini аsоslаrini o’zlаshtirgаn, аrаb tilidа so’zlаshа оlаdigаn mutахаssislаr, imоm хаtiblаr tаyyorlаydi.

UNIVERSITY ISLAM OF TASHKENT - Tashkent Islam university is high religious education which named Imom al-Bukhory. Begun in 1970. From 1971 of october it started its activities. It is dependendents musulmans’ office of Uzbekistan. Imams, xatibs are prepared who the theory of the history of religious,mastered the fundamentals of the religion of Islam, experts who can speak in arabian.

TОSHKЕNT ISLAM UNIVЕRSITЕTI – оliy o’quv yurti. O’zbеkistоn Rеspublikаsi Vаzirlаr Mаhkаmаsi huzuridа O’zbеkistоn Rеspublikаsi Prеzidеntinign 1999 yil 7 аprеldаgi Fаrmоnigа binоаn tаshkil etilgаn.

Аsоsiy vаzifаsi vа mаqsаdi - islоm dinigа оid bоy vа nоyob mа’nаviy-mаdаniy mеrоsni chuqur o’rgаnish, uni аsrаb-аvаylаsh, kеlаjаk аvlоdgа еtkаzish, shu sоhаdа yuqоri mаlаkаli mutахаssislаr tаyyorlаsh.

UNIVERSITY ISLAM OF TASHKENT – is high education.The Cabinet of ministers of republic of Uzbekistan established on 7 april 1999. Mainly task and the purpose – learning rich spiritual and cultural heritage about Islam,saving it ,delivering future generation,preparing experts.

TЕMUR TUZUKLАRI – bizgа “Tuzuki Tеmuriy” nоmidа еtib kеlgаn bu аsаrni Mir Аbu Tоlib аl Husаyniy аt-Turbаtiy 1637-1638 yillаrdа turkiydаn fоrschаgа o’girib, tаrjimаsini SHоhjаhоngа (1628-1657) tаqdim etgаn. Bu аsаr Tеmur tili bilаn o’z o’g’illаri vа nеvаrаlаrigа vаsiyatnоmа tаrzidа yozilgаn. Аsаrdа Tеmur biоgrаfiyasigа оid mulоhаzаlаr, dаvlаt tizimini qаndаy yarаtish kеrаkligi, hоkimiyatni bоshqаrish sаn’аti, hаrbiy sаn’аt, хаlqаrо diplоmаtik uslublаr vа bоshqа mаvzudа yozilgаn qimmаtli mа’lumоtlаr bеrilаdi.

TIMUR TUZUKLARI - it is called “Tuzuki Temuriy”,MirAbu Tolib al Khusayniy at-Turbathiy translated from turkish to persian in 1637-1638 years and bostowed Shakhjakhan (1628-1657).This work deceased to his generation and grandchildren in Timur’s language. There given much information such as ideas about Timur’s autobiography,how to creat system of country, how to rule power ,armistic art,international diplomatic methods and written about other themes.

UMUMINSОNIY QАDRIYATLАR – insоniyat tоmоnidаn yarаtilgаn, umuminsоniy mаnfааtlаrgа vа хаlqlаrning o’zаrо hаmjihаtlikdа yashаshlаri vа rivоjlаnishlаri uchun хizmаt qilаdigаn umuminsоniy ахlоq, хаlqаrо siyosiy, iqtisоdiy, mаdаniy, ilmiy, fаlsаfiy, diniy munоsаbаtlаr tаjribаsi, mаlаkаlаri vа h.k.lаrni o’zidа mujаssаm-lаshtiruvchi tushunchа.

Milliy vа umuminsоniy qаdriyatlаr o’zаrо uzviy аlоqаdа bo’lаdilаr.

UNIVERSAL VALUES – creat by people, concept which living common interests and in peace and harmony and the service of development, universal moral,international political , economic, culyural,philosophical,scientific,religious attitudes, qualifications and others.

URF-ОDАTLАR – kishilаr turmushigа singib kеtgаn, dоim tаkrоrlаnib turаdigаn хаtti-hаrаkаt, ko’pchilik tоmоnidаn qаbul qilingаn hulq-аtvоr qоidаlаri vа ko’nikmаlаr (mаsаlаn, o’zbеklаrdа kichiklаrning kаttаlаrgа sаlоm bеrishi, ertа turib uy-хоvlini supurib-sidirish, tаrtibgа kеltirib qo’yish, mеhmоnlаrgа аlоhidа hurmаtdа bo’lish, bаyrаm аrаfаsidа bеtоb, оjiz vа qiynаlаgаnlаrdаn хаbаr оlish, yordаmgа muхtоjlаrgа hаshаrgа bоrish vа shu kаbilаrdir).

TRADITIONS - soak into minds of people ,activity always repeated,accept rules by most people,(for example, to say good morning little adults to greet,cleaning houses in the morning,making up, respecting guests,helping ill people,helpless and etc.)

FIKR ERKINLIGI – bu jаmiyat а’zоsi bo’lgаn hаr bir shахs tаbiiy vа ijtimоiy jаrаyonlаrgа, fuqаrоlаr bilаn siyosiy tаshkilоtlаrgа vа milliy, irqiy, diniy, sinfiy munоsаbаtlаrgа egа bo’lgаn mustаqil fikrlаrini huquqiy, siyosiy diniy vа bоshqа muаssаsаlаr tоmоnidаn bo’lishi mumkin bo’lgаn turli tаzyiqlаrdаn muhоfаzа qilаdigаn ijtimоiy muhit.

FREEDOM OF THOUGHT-this the social environment which any natural person who is a member of the community and social activities, citizens and political organizations and national, racial,religios, class relations and protection of repression which may be by other agencies.

FUQАRОLIK JАMIYATI – dаvlаt rivоjlаnib bоrgаn sаri dаvlаt bоshqаruvidа turli хil vаzifаlаrning аstа sеkin fuqаrоlаrgа tоpshirilishi, ya’ni o’z–o’zini bоshqаrish оrgаnlаrining rivоjlаn-tirilishi tushunilаdi.

Fuqаrоlik jаmiyati vаzifаlаri оldindаn bеlgilаb qo’yilgаn dаvlаt hоkimiyati оrgаnlаridаn vа fuqаrоlаrning jаmоаtchilik birlаshmаlаridаn, ijtimоiy hаrаkаtlаrdаn, fuqаrоlik institutlаridаn vа siyosiy pаrtiyalаrdаn tuzilgаn bоshqаruvdаn ibоrаtdir.

CIVIL SOCIETY-the government is developing increasingly wide variety of tasks in public administration is gradually handed over to the citizens ,that is understood development of self-governginbodies .Functions of civil society consist of calls to pre-determined state bodies and public organizations of citizens, social activities, university of citizens and established political parties.

SIIVILIZАSIIYA – (lоtinchа “civilis” – fuqаrоviy, ijtimоiy) – jаmiyatning o’z tаrаqqiyoti jаrаyonidа yarаtgаn mоddiy vа mа’nаviy bоyliklаrining, ulаrni yanаdа ko’pаytirib hаmdа tаkоmillаshtirib bоrish usullаrining mаjmui. SIivilizаsiiya insоniyat tаrаqqiyotining mаhsuli vа аyni vаqtdа zаminidir.

CIVILIZATION – (latin “civilis”- civil,social ) – methods of complex which created in the process of development of the society and its material and spiritual riches, increasing and improving them. Civilization is the product of development and at this time is ground.

SHАRM-HАYO – hаm iymоnlilik bеlgisi sаnаlаdi. SHаrm - bu so’z hаr bir оdаmning nоjo’ya, yomоn hаtti-hаrаkаtlаrdаn o’zini tiya оlish, uyalish hissi. Хаdisi shаriflаrdа аytilishichа, оdаm, eng аvvаlо o’zidаn uyalishi kеrаk, Nоjo’ya, yomоn qilmishi, хаtti-hаrаkаti uchun o’zidаn uyalgаn оdаm o’zgаgа hаm nоjo’ya hаtti-hаrаkаtni rаvо ko’rmаydi. O’zidаn uyalmаgаn оdаmdа shаrm bo’lmаydi. Dеmаk, shаrm оdаm o’z nоjo’ya hаrаkаti uchun o’z vijdоni, diyonаti оldidа jаvоb bеrish hissi, dеsаk bo’lаdi.

Hаyo - bu o’zbеkchа uyat dеmаkdir. Hаyosiz, bеhаyo dеyilgаndа, uyatsiz ish kilgаndа хijоlаt chеkmаydigаn, оdоb - ахlоqsiz ki­shi tushunilаdi. Hаyo erkаk kishigа nisbаtаn аyollаrdа tаbiаtаn ko’prоk bo’lаdi.

SHAME-SHY – is sign of faith. Share is feeling which each person restrains their own bad activities. It is said in the hadith, each person should blush themselves, people who blushed their own bad activities,they do not obscurity bad activities to other people.People who do not ashamed of themselves have not share.Means, share is feeling which people answer for their own bad activity,conscience and commitment. Shame is uyat in uzbek Mockingly person who is understood unshy person. Men have more shy than women..

ESTЕTIK MАDАNIYAT – insоnning -hissiy fаоliyati bilаn bоg’lаngаn munоsаbаt vа qаdriyatlаr tizimini ifоdаlаydi. Estеtik mаdаniyat sоhаsi – bu, insоnning tеvаrаk аtrоfni o’rаb оlgаn vоqеlikkа nisbаtаn bo’lаdigаn munоsаbаtidа o’zini erkin nаmоyon etishdir. Bu erkinlikning mоhiyati shundаki, insоn prеdmеtgа, uning jinsi vа turigа mоs mе’yorini tоpib gаvdаlаntirаdi, uni qаytа ishlаydi.

AESTHETIC CULTURE – characterized by person’s emotional attitudes and values associated with the system.Aesthetic culture is demonstrating wrap around a person’s attitude towards reality.The essence of freedom, finding human subject, depending on its sex and embody principle.It works again.

E’TIQОD – insоnnig o’z fikr vа qаrаshlаridа dunyo hоdisаlаrining muаyyan turigа (mаsаlаn: ilmiy, siyosiy, аhlоqiy, diniy) mаhkаm, sоbitqаdаmlik bilаn ishоnishi vа ungа qаt’iy аmаl qilishni аnglаtuvchi fаlsаfiy tushunchа.

RELIGION – philosophical conception which some thoughts and opinions on world events rely on a certain type of man ( for example, scientific,political, moral,religious) and it means to comply with strict.

O’Z-O’ZINI BОSHQАRISH ОRGАNLАRI – shаhаrchа, qishlоq vа оvullаrdа, ulаr tаrkibidаgi mаhаllаlаrdа, hаmdа shаhаrlаrdаgi mаhаllаlаrdа 2,5 yilgа sаylаnаdigаn fuqаrоlаrning yig’inlаridir.

SELF – GOVERNING BODIES – assemblies which elected for 2.5 years in towns, country and aoul, the neighbourhood which in town.

O’ZBЕKISTОNDА DINIY KОNFЕSSIYALАR – rus prаvоslаv, Rim-kаtоlik, аrmаn – Grigоryan, Lyutеrаn chеrkоvlаr (хristiаn kоnfеssiyasi), shuningdеk, yaхudiylik, islоm kоnfеssiyalаri, jаmi 15 tа diniy kоnfеssiyalаr mаvjud.

RELIGIOUS CONFESSIONS IN UZBEKISTAN – Russian pravaslov,Roman-catholic,Armenian-Grigoryan,churches of Lyuteran (confession of Christian),also,Judaism ,confession of Islam,there are 15 religious confessions.

QАDRIYATLАR – bоrliq vа jаmiyat, nаrsаlаr, vоqеаlаr, hоdisаlаr, insоn hаyoti, mоddiy vа mа’nаviy bоyliklаrining ахаmiyatini ko’rsаtish uchun qo’llаnilаdigаn tushunchа. Qаdriyatlаr tаriхiy vа zаmоnаviy bo’lishi mumkin. Qаdriyatlаrning хilmа-хil shаkllаri bоr: mоddiy vа mа’nаviy, umumbаshаriy, mintаqаviy, umuminsоniy; jаmiyat hаyotining sоhаlаri bo’yichа iqtisоdiy, ijtimоiy, siyosiy, mаdаniy

TRADITIONS – concepts which the importance of moral,financial values and world,things,matters, people’s life.Traditions may be historical or modern.There are many kinds of tradition: financial,and moral,global,continental,humanity,the life society on social, economical,political,cultural traditions.

QОRА TОSH (аrаb. аl-Hаjаr аl-аsvаd) – musulmоnlаr ziyorаt qilаdigаn tоsh. Kumush chаmbаr bilаn birlаshtirilgаn bir nеchа bo’lаkdаn ibоrаt. U Kа’bа dеvоrlаridаn birigа tаshqаridаn jоylаshtirilgаn. Mаkkаgа hаjgа bоrgаn musulmоnlаr Qоrа tоshni o’pib yoki qo’l tеkkizib ziyorаt qilаdi. Qоrа tоsh islоmdа mo’’tаbаr hisоblаngаn nаrsаlаrdаn biri. SHаriаtgа ko’rа, umrа yoki hаj ziyorаtigа bоrgаn оdаm Qоrа tоshni o’pishi yoki qo’lining ichki tаrаfi bilаn ungа ishоrаt qilib, so’ng qo’lini o’pishi (istilоm) sunnаt аmаllаridаn hisоblаnаdi.

THE BLACK STONE – (arabian al-Hajar al-asvad) – the stone which musulman’s pligrimages.It consist of several pieces which combining with silver wreath. It is placed on the wall of Kaba’s by out.Muslim pligrimages kiss or armed black stone. Black stone one of secred thing in Islam.In Sharia umra or haj pligrimage people should kiss or touch it with hand and then kiss their hands,this is called sunnat.

QUR’ОN – (аrаb. – o’qimоq, qirоаt qilmоq; jаmlаsh) – Аllоh tаrаfidаn 23 yilgа yaqin muddаt mоbаynidа Muhаmmаd а.s. gа оyatmа-оyat, surа-surа tаrzidа nоzil qilingаn ilоhiy kitоbdir. Bu kitоb islоm dinining muqаddаs mаnbаi hisоblаnаdi. Islоm ilоhiyot mаktаblаridаn biri аhl аs-sunnа vа-l-jаmоа tа’limоtigа ko’rа, qur’оn Аllоh tаоlоning so’zi vа uning аzаliy ilmi bo’lib, Muhаmmаd а.s. gа vаhy оrqаli nоzil bo’lgаn. Qur’оn o’zidаn оldin nоzil bo’lgаn bаrchа ilоhiy kitоblаrning mа’nо, hikmаt vа аhkоmlаrini o’zidа jаmlаgаnigа ishоrаt bоrdir. Qur’оn 114 tа surаdаn ibоrаt. Surа Qur’оndаn bir bo’lаk bo’lib, eng kаmi uchtа yoki undаn оrtiq оyatlаrni o’z ichigа оlаdi. Оyatlаr sоni esа Qur’оn mаtnlаrini tаqsimlаshning turli yo’llаrigа ko’rа, 6204 tа, 6232 tа, hаttо 6666 tаgаchа bеlgilаngаn.

KURAN – (arabian – to read,to recide,to gather) – godly book which it issid to Muhammad s.a.v. by sura and oyat in 23 years by God. This book I sacred source of religious of Islam.One of godly Islam schools ,which ahl as-sunna va-l-jamoa, show that Kuran is god’s word and his enviriable sciene, it is said to Muhammad a.s. by vahy. It consist of 114 sua.Sura is a piece of Kura,include three or more oyats.It is project dividing Kuran , it consist of from 6204,6232 to6666.

G’ОYAVIY BO’SHLIQ - dеb, eski хukmrоn mаfkurа hаlоkаtgа uchrаb, u bilаn bоg’liq tushunchаlаrning qаdrsizlаnishi, bugungi hаyot, o’tmish vа kеlаjаkkа dаhldоr qаdriyatlаr, tushunchа vа tаsаvvurlаrni to’liq аnglаb еtmаsligi оqibаtidа оdаmlаrning qаlbi vа оngidа vujudgа kеlаdigаn bo’shliqqа аytilаdi.

IDEOLOGIC EMPTINESS – the old ruling ideology crash,devaluation of the concepts associated with it,today’s life ,past and future traditions,concept and the hearts and minds of the people from the space.

HАDIS (аrаb. – “хаbаr”, “yangilik”), hаdislаr – Muhаmmаd s.а.v. ning аytgаn so’zlаri, qilgаn ko’rsаtmаlаri to’g’risidаgi rivоyatlаr. Ikki qismdаn ibоrаt bo’lаdi: mаtn vа isnоd. Hаdis ikki turgа bo’linаdi: 1. Hаdisi qudsiy; 2. Hаdisi Nаbаviy. Hаdislаr e’tibоrgа оlinishi jihаtidаn yanа uch qismgа bo’linаdi: 1. Sаhih. 2. Hаsаn. 3. Zаif.

HADITH – (arabian – “information”,”news” ) – hadiths – the word is said by Muhammad s.a.v..It consist of two parts:matn and isnod.Hadith is divided into two.1.Hadith qutsy.2.Hadith Nabaviy.It again is divided into three based on position:1.Sahih. 2.Hasan. 3.Zaif.

HАZRАTI IMОM MАJMUАSI, Hаstimоm – Tоshkеntdаgi mе’mоriy yodgоrlik. Mаjmuа qurilishigа imоm Аbu Bаkr Muhаmmаd ibn Аli ibn Ismоil аl-Qаffоl аsh-SHоshiy (904-976) ning qаbri аsоs bo’lgаn. Qаbr vа uning аtrоfidа vujudgа kеlgаn qаbristоn hаmdа mе’mоriy yodgоrliklаr mаjmuаsi (Kаykоvus bоg’i bilаn birgа) Hаzrаti imоm nоmi bilаn аtаlаdi. XVI аsrning 30 –yillаridа 2 tа mаqbаrа qurilgаn; kаttаsi Tоshkеntning shаybоniylаr sulоlаsidаn bo’lgаn хоni Suyunchхo’jахоn mаqbаrаsi dеb tахmin etilаdi. XVI аsrning 50- yillаridа bu binоlаr Bаrоqхоn mаdrаsаsi mе’mоriy yodgоrligt tаrkibigа qo’shilgаn. O’shа dаvrdа Qаffоl SHоshiy mаqbаrаsi bunyod etilgаn.

COMPLEX OF HAZRATI IMAM – Hastimom – architectural monument in Tashkent.It built basing on grave of imom Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Ismoil al-Qaffol ash-Shoshiy(904-976).It is called Hazrati imom (garden of Kaykovus ) collection of architectural monuments which is located around it.In XVI century 30-years were built 2mosques;first the mosque of Suyunchxojakhan who denisty of Shayboniys. In XVI century 50-years these buildings were ….In those years , Qaffol Shoshiy’s maqbarah was built.

HIJRIY YIL HISОBI – хаlifа Umаr ibn Хаttоb tоmоnidаn jоriy qilingаn musulmоnlаr yil hisоbi. Muhаmmаd s.а.v. vа sаfdоshlаrining Mаkkаdаn Mаdinаgа ko’chishi bilаn bоg’liq. Qаmаriy (hijriy-qаmаriy yil) vа shаmsiy (hijriy-shаmsiy yil)gа bo’linаdi. Qаmаriya bo’yichа Hijriy yil hisоbi 622-yilning 16-iyulidаn bоshlаnib, sinоdik оy (29,530588 kun)gа аsоslаngаn. O’n ikki оydаn ibоrаt bir qаmаriy yil 354, 3671 kundаn ibоrаt bo’lаdi. Qаmаriy yildа 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 vа 11 оylаr 30 kundаn, qоlgаnlаri 29 kundаn butun qilib оlingаn. Оylаr tаrtibi bilаn muhаrrаm, sаfаr, rаbbiul аvvаl, rаbbiul охir, jumоdil охir, rаjаb, shаbоn, rаmаzоn, shаvvоl, zulqаdа, zulhijjа dеb аtаlаdi. Qаmаriy yil trоpik yildаn (hоzirgi grigоriy tаqvimidаn) 10-12 kun qisqа.hhhhh hhhjjkk

....H.YEARS – musulman’s years which created by Umar ibn Xattob.It is based on Muhammad s.a.v.and his comrades’ moving from Makka to Madina.It divided into qamary(hijriy-qamary year ),and shamsiy( hijriy-shamsy year).H. years begin on 16-June of 622-years based on synodic month(29,530588 days).One qamariy year consists of twelwe months and 354, 3671 days.In qamariy years 1,3,5,7,9 and 11 months,30 days, rest of 29 days.Month’s orders are called muharram,safar , rabbiul avval,rabbiul oxir,jumodil,oxir,rajab, shabon,ramazon,shavvol,zulqada,zulhijja. Qamariy years is shoer than tropical years( today’s of grigorical calendar) to 10-12 days.

ГЛОССАРИЙ

Духовность-сущность человека как социально-культурного существа; совокупное органическое единство таких подлинно человеческих черт, качеств, как правдивость, душевная чистота, совесть, честь, патриотизм, любовь к прекрасному, ненависть ко злу, воля, стойкость

Маънавият - эквивалент духовности но понятие, имеющее более емкое и многогранное значение, которое характеризует внутреннюю сущность человека, народа; все уровни его духовного бытия, опирающаяся, как правило, на национальную основу

Просветительство — политическая идеология, философия и культура эпохи крушения феодализма и утверждения новых общественных отношений.

Ценности - это идеи и представления, вещи, предметы, явления, идеалы, воспринимаемые как значимые (ценные) теми, кто их проповедует и которые являются объектами, направленных на них интересов.

Независимость -это самоопределение народа, когда он свободно выбирает и развивает свой образ жизни и общественные отношение.

Мораль можно определить как совокупность правил и норм поведения по отношению друг к другу, коллективу, обществу в целом.

Деятельность – это специфически человеческая форма активного составляет его целесообразное изменение и преобразование в интересах людей.

Этнос – это социальная группа, обладающая общностью культуры и самосознания (сознает свое единство и отличие от других). То есть этнос можно понимать как общество, являющееся носителем определенной культуры.

Нация – это историческая общность людей, складывающаяся в процессе формирования общности их территории, экономических связей, литературного языка, особенностей культуры и характера.

Менталитет – это коллективные представления, социально-психологические формы (эмоции, темперамент, восприимчивость, чувствительность и т.д.), истоки которых восходят к психогенетической природе исторически определенных общностей, какими они были выкованы природно-географической средой (климат, ландшафт, природные предпосылки хозяйствования и др.), экономической и политической историей, неожиданными поворотами исторической судьбы – всем тем, что в конечном итоге стереотипизиру

Термин «джадид» происходит от арабского «усул-и-джадид» (новый метод).

Джадидизм — идейное и просветительское движение в Туркестане в конце XIX — начале XX вв.

Гармонично развитая личность – это духовно богатая личность, усвоившая духовную культуру своего народа, бережно к нему относящаяся, а также стремящаяся приобщиться к ценностям мировой цивилизации.

Гармонично развитая личность - это физически развитая личность, здоровая не только духом, но и телом. знающий себе цену, волевой и имеющий конкретные цели в жизни. Патриотизм – это понятие, характеризующее отношений людей к своей стране, которое проявляется в определенных поступках и сложном комплексе чувств, называемом люб гуманизм - система воззрений, признающая ценность человека как личности, его право на свободу, счастье, развитие и проявление своих способностей, считающая благо человека критерием оценки социальных институтов, а принципы равенства, справедливости, человечности желаемой нормой отношений между людьми.

Ценность - это то, чем человек больше всего дорожит, во что верит, к чему стремиться.

Ценности - это идеи и представления, вещи, предметы, явления, идеалы, воспринимаемые как значимые (ценные) теми, кто их проповедует и которые являются объектами, направленных на них интересов.

Система ценностей - представления и взгляды, которые в совокупности формируют главенствующий набор ценностей в данном конкретном обществе.

Совесть – способность человека формулировать моральные обязательства, требовать от себя их исполнения, контролировать и оценивать свое поведение.

Милосердие (милость сердца) означает готовность и способность человека на деле творить добро. Оно означает также сострадание, сочувствие, желание помочь.

Национальное самосознание – один из при знаков любой нации, заключающийся в самоидентификации нации на основе территориального единства, языка, хозяйственного склада, национального характера. снова самоуважения чувства собственного достойнства.

Национальное самосознание отдельной личности – это осознание своей принадлежности к той или иной нации, к ее истории, культуре, традициям и обычаям.

Махалля – также важнейший очаг воспитания. Являясь специфической формой национального самоуправления, махалля, опираясь на вековые традиции, обычаи и обряды, выполняет важные воспитательные функции. Она использует жизненный опыт аксакалов, личный пример старших, нормы коллективного поведения.

Традиции — это исторически сложившиеся и передаваемые из поколения в поколения обычаи, нормы поведения, обряды, общественные установки, идеи и ценности, элементы социально-культурного наследия, сохраняющиеся в обществе или в отдельных группах в

Обычаи - это общепризнанный порядок, установившиеся правила общественного поведения людей; соблюдавшиеся в силу установившихся привычек.

Политика – это сфера деятельности, направленная на регуляцию отношений между классами, нациями, государствами. Ядром политики является проблема власти – ее завоевание, удержание и использование.

Ранние или родоплеменные религии - это религиозные веры и культы доклассового общества

Магия (от греческого magia - колдовство) - это действия и обряды, совершаемые с целью повлиять сверхъестественным путем на природу или человека.

Фетишизм (от португальского feitico - заколдованная вещь) - это поклонение неодушевленным предметам, которым приписывались сверхъестественные свойства. Такие предметы назывались фетишами.

Фетишем мог стать любой предмет: камень, дерево, клык зверя. Позднее человек сам изготавливал фетиши в виде деревянных фигурок или каменных изваяний (идолов).

Амулет (от лат. amuletum) (апотропей, оберег) - предмет, который, по суеверным представлениям, способен охранять его владельца от бедствий.щенные действия. леменн Талисман (от позднегреч. telesma — посвящение, чары) - предмет, который, по суеверным представлениям, приносит счастье, удачу. Служит также оберегом.

Анимизм (от латинского anima - душа) - это вера в существование духов и душ как сверхъестественных двойников природных объектов и процессов.

Тотемизм - (в языке индейцев-оджибве «ототем» означает «его род») - есть вера в сверхъестественное родство человеческих коллективов (родов) с определенными видами животных. или растений.

Шаманизм - (на эвенкийском языке «шаман» означает «исступленный») - широкой круг анимистических верований и представлений в сочетании с верой в особо могущественные сверхъестественные возможности древнейших профессиональных служителей культа (шаманов).

Манихейство – еретическое движение возникло в 3 в. Н.э. в Иране, спустя 1000 лет зарождения зороастризма. Основатель этого течения конкретная историческая личность. Своеобразие проповедуемой Мани универсальной религии, состоит именно в интеграции различных моментов из зороастризма, христианства, буддизма. Моральные доктрины манихейства изложены в основном в произведении Мани «Сиру-асрар» («Книга тайн»), «Китаб ул-дудавс тадбири» («Книга руководства и управления»).

Национальной религией является та религия, которая охватывает одну этническую группу. Основные национальные религии сегодня -это индуизм, сикхизм, конфуцианство.

Конфуцианство. Первоначально конфуцианство являлось философско-этическим учением, разработанным в VI-V вв. до н.э. древнекитайским мыслителем Кун Фу-цзы (Конфуций). В начале нашей эры оно превратилось в религию. В конфуцианстве небо – высшая сила. Небо следит за справедливостью на земле, стоит на страже социального неравенства. Преобладающее место в конфуцианстве занимает мораль. Она создала образы двух человек – антиподов. Один из них следует конфуцианским моральным заповедям – это «благородный муж», другой – их не соблюдает, «низкий человек».

Даосизм. Возникло в Китае в V-IV вв до н.э. Основателем считается Лао-цзы. В названии лежит понятие «дао». Это всеобъемлющее понятие. Это первоначало, первооснова и завершение всего существующего и происходящего. Дао также всеобъемлющий принцип мироздания, закон, сообразно которому все происходит. Дао первичен по отношению к душе и Богу. Даосизм требует веры во множество богов и святых, возглавляемых троицей: Пань гу (Творец мира), Шан ди (Яшмовый владыка) и Лао цзы. Большую роль в этой религии играют жрецы, совершающие богослужения и контролирующие поведение верующих.

Иудаизм. Это одна из древнейших национальных религий. Зачатки иудейской религии появились во втором тысячелетии до н.э. среди евреев, живших на территории Палестины.

Зороастризм. Сложился на территории Центральной Азии в середине I тыс. до н.э. в результате реформы древнеарийских верований пророком Заратустрой. "Авеста" происходит от среднеперсидского слова "apastak", позже - "aBastay" - "основа" (или по иным толкованиям, "установление", "предписание", "восхваление").

"Ясна" ("жертва", "моление")- свод текстов, сопровождающих основные обрядовые церемонии;

«Яшты» - "почитание", "восхваление" -гимны божествам зороастрийского пантеона

3) "Видевдат"- "закон против девов (демонов)", предписания о поддержании ритуальной чистоты (содержаит также ряд религиозно-юридических положений, фрагменты древних мифов, эпоса и пр);

4) "Виспарад - "все владыки", собрание молитв и литургических текстов;

Священная книга

Буддизм от санскритского «будда» - буквально «просветленный». Возникновение этой религии связывается с деятельностью индийского принца Сиддхартхи Гаутамы ( VI-V вв до н.э.).

Христианство. Это наиболее распространенная религия мира. Она имеет своих последователей на всех континентах, а на некоторых абсолютно господствует (Европа, Америка, Австралия). Христианство появилось в I веке среди.

Библия - Само слово «Библия» означает «книги» (от греч. Biblia-книги). Она представляет собой собрание древних текстов, канонизированных в иудаизме и христианстве.

Православие – одно из основных направлений христианства. Считается, что православие возникло в 33 г. н.э. среди греков, живших в Иерусалиме. Его основателем был Иисус Христос.

Католицизм – это одно из основных направлений в христианстве. Разделение христианской церкви на католическую и православную произошло в 1054-1204 гг.слово «католицизм» означает – всеобщий вселенский. И это действительно одно из крупнейших направлений в христианстве.

Протестантизм – это еще одно из трех направлений христианства после раскола. В 16 веке в Европе началась Реформация (лат. Reformation – преобразование, исправление) – антикатолическое движение, в котором приняли участие различные слои населения.

Лютеранство – первое по времени возникновения направление возникло в Германии в 16 веке в результате активной деятельности Мартина Лютера, против католической церкви.

Кальвинизм - наиболее радикальная разновидность протестантизма, в основе которой лежит учение реформатора католической церкви Джона Кальвина о предопределении Богом судьбы человека и невозможности ее изменить.

Ислам является одной из трех мировых религий ( ). Возник в VII веке на Аравийском полуострове. ыло сектой в иудаизме. зороастрийцев - Авеста. осизм невидимого двойника. Священная книга мусульман –

Коран (чтение), она почитается приверженцами всех направлений в исламе. Он состоит из 114 сур (глав), которые, в свою очередь, делятся на аяты. Коран написан рифмованной прозой, имеющей сходство с доисламской Принцип исповедания -центральбный в исламе. Он заключается в произнесении фразы о том, что нет бога, кроме Аллаха и Мухаммед пророк его.

Молитва. Мусульманину полагается молиться (совершать намаз) пять раз в день. Ежедневная пятикратная молитва – одна из основных обязанностей мусульманина.

Милостыня. Обряд подачи милостыни также обязателен, как указывает Коран: «Вам не достичь благочестия, покуда не будете делать пожертвований из того, что любите» (3; 86).

Пост. У мусульман лишь один обязательный пост, длится он целый месяц. На протяжении месяца все, кроме малых детей и больных. С рассвета до заката не имеют права ни есть, ни пить, ни развлекаться.. После заката это разрешается, но весьма умеренно.

Хадж. Это паломничество в Мекку и Медину, т.е. места, где протекала деятельность Мухаммеда. Это предписание наименее обязательное из всех.

Похороны – обряд, также исполняемый с участием духовных лиц, читающих заупокойные молитвы из Корана.

Курбан-байрам – великий праздник жертвоприношения, приходящийся на 70-й день после окончания поста. Режут скот в честь божественного вмешательства в жертвоприношение Авраама. Совершающие хадж обычно в этот день приносят свои жертвы Аллаху в священном городе мусульман Мекке.

Религиозный культ – это действия человека, совершаемые с целью оказать воздействие на сверхъестественное. Основные культовые действия: молитва, жертвоприношение, пост, паломничество, религиозные праздники.

Молитва – это устное обращение к Богу с той или иной целью. . Пост – временное ограничение в чувственных удовольствиях : пище, развлечениях и т.п., с целью испытания. Паломничество – посещение святых мест с определенной целью. Религиозные праздники – память о действительных событиях или лицах. Акика - по истечении семи дней новорожденному обривают голову и, призывая на ребенка благодать, раздают нищим денежные суммы, серебром или золотом, эквивалентные весу состриженных волос. Отсутствие на голове младенца волос не упраздняет раздачу милостыни.

Жертвоприношение - принесение в жертву животного – ритуал благодарения. Двух животных приносят в жертву за мальчика, одного – за девочку. Мясо жертвенных животных раздают бедным и нуждающимся.

Имянаречение - выбор имени весьма важен для мусульманина. Пророку, например, доводилось даже менять имена некоторым из своих друзей, казавшиеся ему несчастливыми, оскорбительными или уродливыми, на более приемлемые и звучные.

Брак - благополучие домашнего очага в исламе ценится превыше всего, а поэтому мусульманами придается весьма и весьма большое значение созданию крепкого и прочного брака.

Религиозные организации – это оформленное объединении сторонников одной религии с профессиональным служителем во главе.

1¹ Каримов И.А. Ўзбекистон: миллий истиқлол, иқтисод, сиёсат, мафкура. (Нутқлар, мақолалар суҳбатлар). Т: Ўзбекистон, 1993, 78-бет.

2² Каримов И.А. Ўзбекистон: миллий истиқлол, иқтисод, сиёсат, мафкура. (Нутқлар, мақолалар суҳбатлар). Т: Ўзбекистон, 1993, 79-бет.

1¹ Каримов И.А. Миллий истиқлол мафкураси – халқ эътиқоди ва буюк келажакка ишонч. – Т.: «Ўзбекистон», Т.8. 2000, 502-бет.

2² Каримов И.А. Оила фаровонлиги – миллат фаровонлиги. – Т.: «Ўзбекистон». Т.6. 1998, 400-бет.

1. Demak, o`z milliy g`oyasiga tayanmagan jamiyat inqirozga duchor bo`lishi, o`z yo`lini yo`qotib qo`yishi muqarrar.¹ Каримов И.А. Озод ва обод Ватан, эркин ва фаровон ҳаёт - пировард мақсадимиз. Т.8. –Т.: «Ўзбекистон», 2000. 464-465-б.

1¹ Каримов И.А. Озод ва обод Ватан, эркин ва фаровон ҳаёт - пировард мақсадимиз. Т.8. –Т.: «Ўзбекистон», 2000. 465-б.

1¹«Халқ сўзи» 2004 йил 30 апрель.

1¹ Қаранг. Ўзбекистон ХХI асрга интилмоқда. Тошкент, «Ўзбекистон», 2000 й. 232-233 бетлар.

1¹ Аббосхўжаев, Умарова Н., Қўчқоров Р. Мафкура полигонларидаги олишув. – Тошкент, «Академия», 2007. 14-15-бетлар.

2² Миллий истиқлол ғояси: асосий тушунча ва тамойиллар. – Тошкент, «Ўзбекистон», 2000, 3-бет.

3³ Аббосхўжаев, Умарова Н., Қўчқоров Р. Мафкура полигонларидаги олишув. – Тошкент, «Академия», 2007. 16-бет.

1¹ Удовик С.Л. Глобализация: семиотические подходы. – М., «Ваклер», 2002, с. 389.

2² Каримов И.А. Инсон, унинг ҳуқуқ ва эркинликлари ҳамда манфаатлари – энг олий қадрият//Халқ сўзи, 2005 йил 8 декабрь.

1¹ Каримов И.А. Ўзбекистон ХХI аср бўсағасида: Хавфсизликка таҳдид, барқарорлик шартлари ва тараққиёт кафолатлари. –Т.: Ўзбекистон, 1997. 326 б. 37-б.

1¹ Хайрли ният самарасиз бўлмайди. Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президенти Ислом Каримовнинг Шанхай ҳамкорлик ташкилоти САММИТидаги нутқи.ғғХалқ сўзи, 2003 йил 3-июнь.

1¹ Каримов И.А. Ўзбекистон: миллий истиқлол, иқтисод, сиёсат, мафкура. – Т., «Ўзбекистон», 1993, 78-бет.

1¹ Каримов И.А. Ўзбекистон ўз истиқлол ва тараққиёт йўли. – Т., «Ўзбекистон», 1992, 28-бет.

1¹ Абдулла Авлоний. Туркий гулистон ёхуд аҳлоқ. – Т., «Ўқитувчи», 1992, 14-бет.

1¹ Фитрат А. Оила ёки оила бошқариш тартиблари. – Т. «Маънавият», 1998, 23-бет.

1¹ Алишер Навоий. 13-том. – Тошкент, 1966, 201-бет.

1¹ Каримов И.А. “Тарихий хотирасиз келажак йўқ”. Тошкент. “Ўзбекистон”, 1998.

2² И.Каримов. Истиқлол ва маънавият. Т.-«Ўзбекистон»-1994, 65-б.

3³ Ўша асар, 65-б.

1¹ Каримов И.А. Асарлар. 1-жилд, 76-85-бетлар.

2² Каримов И.А. Асарлар. 3-жилд, 354-б.