Won’t the population explosion negate any net positive design solutions?
To the contrary. In fact, better design is essential for dealing with population issues. Design cannot
increase the size of the planet or make people smaller. However, it can improve the quality of life,
access to public facilities, security and amenity without additional space or money. Environmentalists
have long argued that if everyone were safe and secure as individuals, and/or as members of minority
races and religions, there would be less pressure to have children as ‘old age insurance’ and less
pressure on resources. Yet, at the same time, some countries with high living standards are worried
about declining human reproduction rates. Incredibly, population growth is still being encouraged
in some places, to meet the market system’s insatiable demand for ever-expanding consumption
– by reproducing consumers. In 2006, the Australia federal treasurer argued that it was the patriotic
duty of Australians to have more children to help the economy: ‘one for mom, one for dad and one
for the country’. Of course, urging people to abstain from having children, to reduce consumption
or to redistribute wealth are very difficult messages to sell. Instead of creating ever more disposable
products for ever more people to consume, however, we could create more jobs and monetary flows
by designing better, healthier environments with positive outcomes for all parties. Development
could become a sustainability solution rather than a problem.
How can we possibly create more jobs with less space and resource flows?
We can, for example, provide more shared public spaces and high-quality recreational, educational
and social facilities in ways that increase usable space for people, nature, and ecosystem goods and
services. Human and environmental services can be increased without additional resources or ‘extra’
space, because recreational and productive human functions can occupy the same area as natural
systems [Chapter 3]. Moreover, jobs in construction and service provision are a good thing. They
are more ‘productive’ than jobs created by proliferating disposable trinkets, consumer items destined
for landfill, or the world’s biggest businesses (weapons manufacture and trade in illegal drugs, rare
animals and timbers). Too little attention has been paid to the
quality
of jobs in relation to resources
consumed. Design and construction that utilize natural systems are less capital- and more talent-
intensive than many industrial systems. Design also demands and develops more creative capacity and
know-how. Eco-logical design and retrofitting is site-specific and thus challenging, unlike repetitive,
mind numbing jobs created by assembly lines or call centres. If we re-designed human habitats to
expand the ecological base and public estate and to provide eco-services and environmental amenity,
the wealthy might not require material opulence. The loss of material goods would be outweighed
by the increase in their personal security and substantive life quality.
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