Sample 3.11
A ‘domestic’ they call it; they [the police] don’t give a stuff.
Two layers of meaning may be distinguished in what the woman had to say.
First, there is the genuine discourse of the text producer: an ordinary housewife
resenting what she perceived as a dismissive, indifferent attitude on the part of
the police. The second layer of what we may here call the absent discourse is not
that of the woman, but of someone else. That is, the term ‘domestic’ is not part
of the ‘cultural code’ with which the woman may identify, but of some other
culprit institution, in this case the police. The way this latter level of meaning is
hijacked has contributed to the overall meaning and rhetorical effect of the
utterance as a whole.
THE WAY FORWARD
In this chapter, the process of interpreting has been viewed from the vantage
point of a discourse processing model within which we distinguish three basic
domains of textuality: context, structure and texture. These are seen to correlate
in subtle and meaningful ways with the three basic types of interpreting: liaison,
consecutive and simultaneous. The basis of the relationship is the need on the
part of the interpreter to focus on the particular strand of textuality that is made
prominent by the requirements of one skill and not of another. In liaison
interpreting, it has been suggested that, given a necessarily least readily
accessible structure and texture, the interpreter needs to acquire facility in
INTERPRETING: A TEXT LINGUISTIC APPROACH 49
reacting to and interacting with the various vectors of context. The simultaneous
interpreter, on the other hand, would seem to handle less readily available context
and structure by heavily relying on texture, maintaining text connectivity through
interacting with the various aspects of cohesion, theme-rheme progression, etc.
Finally, less readily available context and texture in the kind of short-term
storage of input that is characteristic of consecutive interpreting entails the
category of structure being utilized to best effect.
In conclusion, it may be appropriate to enter one or two notes of caution to
restrain the scope of what our proposals could be taken to suggest. First, the
atomism that might strike one in the neatness of the various trichotomies (less
readily available X and Y, with Z predominating) should be viewed as a
methodological convenience and not an accurate reflection of the real situation.
As far as interpreter performance and the training required are concerned, the
reality is far more involved than could be accounted for by the kind of idealized
theory outlined. As far as text processing is concerned, on the other hand, the
reality is even fuzzier. The variables of context, structure and texture intermesh
in subtle and intricate ways, and the interdependence of the various interpreting
skills is normally too complex to be discussed in definitive terms.
But theorizing has a role to play in the maze of the various processes involved.
Certainly, most of the statements we have made in the course of the above
discussion are hypothetical at this stage and are in need of further corroborative
evidence. Nevertheless, research into the nature of the interpreting process,
which in certain quarters is already underway,
4
must start somewhere, and it is in
this spirit that we have advanced what in our judgement are plausible hypotheses
in need of further investigation.
50 THE TRANSLATOR AS COMMUNICATOR
Chapter 4
Texture in simultaneous interpreting
In focusing our attention now on one of the prominent modes of conference
interpreting, namely simultaneous interpreting, our aim is to show how the
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