The Interplay of Synonymy and Polysemy



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4.3.2 Types of Directionals
 
in the 400-sentence Corpus 
In this study, I have annotated the category of 
INITIATORS 
into types (animate and 
inanimate), and done the same with 
MOVANTS 
(physical inanimate, physical animate and 
nonphysical). A similar type of distinction could prove useful in the study of 
DIRECTIONALS
.
D
IRECTIONALS
can be expressed using prepositional phrases made up of a preposition 
and a nominal complement, or by an adverbial. The prepositions and adverbials can be 
classified according to the type of information they encode. The data set shows a wide range 
of prepositions and adverbs used as 
DIRECTIONALS
. The most commonly used preposition is 

‘at/to’. Almost half of the 
DIRECTIONALS
in the data use this preposition. Lamiroy (1991) 
describes 

as the directional preposition par excellence. This preposition marks the end point 
of the motion of the 
MOVANT
.
(155) Le 
TIRÉ
una piedra 
a una rata

(CdE:19-F, Adam Birner) 
‘I 
THREW
a stone 
at the rat
.’ 
(CdE:19-F, Encuentro en la Ciudad del...) 
(156) …le 
LANZA
al extraño
una sonrisa despectiva… 
‘I 
GAVE
the stranger
a contemptuous smile.’ 
(CdE:19-F, Función patronal: novela) 
(157) Los del Sport Fariña se 
ECHARON
al suelo
… 
‘The people from Sport Fariña 
THREW
themselves 
to the ground.’
The 
throw-
verbs also occur with prepositions that have traditionally been considered 
locative. Locative prepositions semantically mark the location in space of an element, and do 
not imply any motion (NGRAE §29.6b, Meilán García 1998). In the data we find the 
prepositions 
en 
‘in/on’, 
entre
‘between’, 
bajo
‘under’, 
sobre
‘over’ and 
tras
‘behind/after’ to 
name a few. The following exemplify.
(158) Nos 
ECHAMOS

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