Impact of Illegal Immigration on the Wages & Employment of Black Workers
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As I understand it, the argument that competition from low-skilled, illegal immigrants has
been a bad thing is more nuanced than the typical competition-is-hurting-us argument.
Almost half a century after President Lyndon Johnson‘s war on poverty, we now have a
significant number of citizens whose families have been unemployed for three and four
generations. It‘s not just that they have never had a job themselves; frequently no one in
their families has had a steady job. The skills necessary for employability that parents
ordinarily pass on to their children–like punctuality, reliability, and the ability to get along
with people outside one‘s family and circle of friends–often haven‘t been passed on.
Integrating third- and fourth-generation welfare recipients into the American mainstream is a
tough job, although in recent years important steps have been taken to start the process. A
higher demand for low-skilled labor would make the process easier. After decades of federal
and state programs that only foster dependency, this is a step that could foster self-reliance
and independence.
At the same time, welcoming immigrants is a strong tradition in this country. We are
indeed a nation of immigrants and there can be no doubt that much of the nation‘s strength
and vitality has come to us as a result of immigration.
107
Perhaps the best I can add to this very complex debate is the observation that there should be
a debate–a debate that considers all aspects of the issue, including the one featured in this
briefing. With some luck, that debate will arrive at an immigration policy that a majority of
us can support and that all of us can live with. A country that prides itself on the rule of law
cannot afford to have one set of laws on paper and another in actual practice for long. Such a
practice will ultimately corrode the rule of law.
Rebuttal of Commissioner Peter N. Kirsanow
In response to its alarming illegal immigration problem, Arizona recently enacted a statute
that would allow state law enforcement officials to enforce federal immigration law. Ensuing
controversy surrounding the law, and the reaction of various political actors to it, have once
again thrust the issue of immigration reform to the forefront of the national debate. Beyond
the rhetoric one fact seems clear—aside from encouraging disrespect for the rule of law, the
lack of effective federal enforcement of the nation‘s borders
108
has produced significant
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Joel Millman has observed that immigrants are ―our oldest and most dependable pool of ‗riser,‘ a kind of
demographic yeast that guarantees shared prosperity.‖ Joel Millman, The Other Americans: How Immigrants
Renew Our Country, Our Economy, and Our Values 314 (1997). Despite knowing little or no English upon
their arrival, children from many immigrant groups often outperform native-born students on standardized tests.
See Julian Lincoln Simon, The Economic Consequences of Immigration 99-100 (1999). Disproportionately
high numbers of winners of the prestigious Westinghouse high school science competition have been born
outside the United States. Id. See also Amanda Fairbanks, ―New York Leads the Field in a High School
Science Competition,‖ The New York Times (January 31, 2008), available at
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/31/nyregion/31contest.html
. Similarly, a disproportionately high percentage
of American Nobel Prize winners have been immigrants.
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Dr. Vernon Briggs testified that lack of border management is not the only source of illegal immigration;
some 40 percent of the nation‘s illegal immigrants are in the U.S. illegally as a result of overstaying their visas.
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Briefing on the Impact of Illegal Immigration on the Wages and Employment
Opportunities of Black Workers, Br. Tr. 52 (Apr. 4, 2008) (hereinafter ―Impact of Illegal Immigration‖).
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