Qarshi davlat universiteti ingliz filologiyasi fakultetlararo ingliz tili

NOTE: Needn’t/don’t need to/don’t have to va must hamda mustn’t fe’llarining qo’llanishiga e’tibor bering!
I want to buy a house. It needn’t be/doesn’t need to be/doesn’t have to be big, but it must have a garden. It mustn’t be far from the city center. – Bir uy sotib olmoqchiman. U katta bo’lishi shart emas, lekin bog’I bo’lishi shart. Shahar markazidan uzoq bo’lmasligi kerak.

ACTIVITY






LESSON 32. READING: SAVING THE PLANET. GRAMMAR: COULD, COULD HAVE DONE




COULD DO AND COULD HAVE DONE
§. Could modal fe’lining qo’llanishi. (Past ability)
Could modal fe’li can modal fe’lining o’tgan zamon shakli sifatida o’tgan zamonda qo’llanadi va o’tgan zamonda kishilarning ish-harakatni aqliy va jismoniy jihatdan bajara olish qobiliyati bor bo’lganligini ko’rsatadi. Could modal fe’li ifodalagan ish-harakatlar o’tgan zamonda doimiy ravishda bajarilgan bo’lgan.
Positive: Subject + could + do + D
I could swim when I was three years old. – Uch yoshimda suza olardim.
Negative: Subject + could + not + do + D
I couldn’t swim when I was three years old. – Uch yoshimda suza olmasdim.
Question: Could + subject + do + D …?
Could you swim when you were three years old? – Uch yoshingda suza olarmiding?
§. Could have done
1. Could + have done – qila olardi, qo’lidan kelardi, qilsa bo’lardi deb tarjima qilinadi va o’tgan zamonda biror bir ish-harakatni bajarishga to’la imkoniyati bo’lgan yoki bajara olgan holda uni bajarmaganlikni, bajarishni xohlamaganlikni ko’rsatadi:
He could have given me his book yesterday, but he didn’t want to. – Kecha u menga kitobini berib tursa bo’lardi, ammo berishni xohlamadi.
- Why did you walk from the hospital?
- I could have taken a taxi, but I wanted to walk.
Yesterday he was broke and had to walk home from school. In fact, he could have borrowed some money from his friends, but he didn’t want them to know that he didn’t have any money.
Yesterday, it was my day off. I could have gone somewhere, but I felt lazy and spent the whole day at home.