Issn 2181-9580 toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti ilmiy axborotlari ilmiy-nazariy jurnali



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Ключевые слова:
мобильное обучение, электронное обучение, адаптивное 
обучение, ИКТ в образовании, инновационные методы обучения. 
In the age of rapidly advancing technologies, every sphere of our life is experiencing 
tremendous changes, without any hesitation it can be stated that educational sphere is one 
of them. Being the branch of a greatest importance in both developed and developing 
countries, education is continuing to gain the weight of essence, as it highly contributes to 
countries further and gradual development. As the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan 
argued, nowadays we must pay a substantial attention to human capital and make every 
effort to do so. The decree of the president dated in April of 20th, 2017y. №PP-2909 “On 
measures for further development of the higher education system” has contributed to 
drastic changes in country’s educational section. According to the decree, a number of 
objectives leading to the prosperity of tertiary education were inputted. These objectives 
are: 
Using new pedagogical technologies and methods in educational institution’s 
programs and curricula 
Qualitatively renewing of scientific and practical process of the magistracy 
Producing new generation textbooks, then supplying the wide use of up-to-date 
textbooks in teaching-learning procedure 
Providing entire university educations with contemporary educational, methodical and 
scientific literature (ex. Obtaining and translating foreign literature) 
Renewing information resource centers on a regular basis
In today’s information technology age, many problems are efficiently being resolved 
by the virtue of information resources. With consistent introduction of useful and useable 
IT increasing the productivity in each brand it applied. In particular, there are a number of 
challenges in the effective implementation of the education system, as it is known that there 
are three main stages of development of information technology. Phase 1 involves the 
computerization and automation of processes (including ARM, ERP, CAD, ASU, etc.) and the 
establishment of wired and wireless, optical communications, while Phase 2 includes online 
platforms (search engines, distance learning, social networks) cloud and virtual 
technologies. In the third stage, predictive analytics of big data, Internet of Things, additive 
technologies, robotics and artificial intelligence technologies will be introduced. Our 
education system is now moving from Phase 1 to Phase II. At this stage, the distance learning 
system is effectively organized
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TOSHKENT DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA UNIVERSITETI
 
ILMIY AXBOROTLARI 2020/5 
• Make education accessible and accessible to all
• Systematize student learning from a distance
• There are a number of problems in controlling the level of mastery of the acquired 
knowledge 
With the help of new information and communication technologies, new forms of 
teaching are emerging, in addition to traditional full-time education, distance and mixed 
education systems. The implementation of this type of education system requires 
information and communication technologies and software from the educational 
institution. There are many programming languages available for creating software. 
Programming languages form the basis of not only the operating system of our computers 
and mobile devices and the programs in it, but also the web pages. The programmer selects 
the programming language based on the requirements of the future program. Native apps - 
such apps are designed for only one mobile operating system and are apps specifically 
designed for a specific platform, such as iOS, Android, Windows Phone, Symbian, Blackberry. 
These programs cannot be used on any other platform. In other words, you can’t use the 
Android app on your iPhone. There are many operating systems for various mobile devices 
today, the most common of which are Symbian OS, Windows mobile, Linux (Android), Palm 
OS, iPhone OS, Blackberry OS. The Android operating system is now used in many mobile 
devices and smart watches, e-books, laptops. This operating system is based on the Linux 
operating system. Previously, Android Inc. Developed by the company and later acquired by 
Google, Google is known as the Open Handset Alliance (OHA). It (OHA) is still developing and 
supporting the platform. 
Android allows you to create java-applications that manage devices in libraries 
developed by Google. Android Native Development Kit S allows you to port ports of libraries 
and applications written in other languages. 
Hybrid applications for all platforms - they are built using multi-platform web 
technologies (such as HTML5, CSS and Javascript), these types of applications are fast and 
relatively easy to develop, and have a single code base for all platforms. Provides cost-
effective and continuous renewal. 
Web applications are a customized version of a web page for use on any mobile device, 
which redirects the user to a URL and does not take up much space in the device memory. 
According to the function of the above applications can be divided into 7 main 
categories: 
1 Game applications 
2 business applications 
3 educational applicationa 
4service applications 
5traveling relateted applications 
6 entertaining applications 
7 life related applications 
Many apps are currently being developed for the Android operating system due to the 
flexibility of the system and the openness of the current code. There are many different 
programming languages that create these types of applications, and they are categorized in 
turn. The most common classification is the division into lower and upper levels. If the 
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TOSHKENT DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA UNIVERSITETI
 
ILMIY AXBOROTLARI 2020/5 
language is close to human language, it is a high-level programming language, and if it is 
close to machine language, it is a low-level programming language. The following are the 
programming languages used to create various applications for the Android operating 
system: 
Coltin is a programming language belonging to the Java family, which is similar to Java 
but relatively easy to understand; 
C / C ++ - Android Studio supports C ++ using Java NDK. 
C # - C # is an alternative for programmers who are learning to program in C or C ++, 
which sends more code. It is supported by a number of convenient tools, such as Unity and 
Xamarin. This programming language is great for developing games and platforms. 
Java - Java is an official language for Android and is supported by Android Studio. Java 
is a high-level programming language that automatically performs complex and low-level 
tasks that most programmers face, such as memory management and garbage collection, 
thus allowing programmers to focus on the programming process. Unlike other 
programming languages, Java has a standalone platform. In other programming languages, 
when code is converted to a specific machine code, in Java, unlike them, compiler programs 
are translated into Bytecode, which is interpreted by the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) or 
Java virtual machine (JVM). translates. Here are some of the advantages of Java over other 
programming languages: Let's compare this language with other languages. 
Java and C-Java object-oriented language meanwhile C is processual. 
Java and NET programs support the platform, but the program developed on one 
platform does not work on another platform. 
Java and Python- Java is a programmed language, and Python is an interpreted 
programming language and therefore Java programs run relatively faster. It also has flagship 
libraries to support Java applications. 
Java and PHP are general purpose programming languages, so it is widely used in 
various domains, while PHP is mainly used for web application development. In addition, 
PHP is considered a translated or script, while Java is a compiled programming language. 
Static and Dynamic Check Types - Java is used in the Static check type. In the static check 
type, variables are checked during compilation. The programmer must specify the type of 
each variable. The main advantage of using a static check type is that these errors are 
determined at the time of compilation. 
As a result, Java is an object-oriented, flexible, programmable programming language 
that is relatively fast because of its programming, has a rich library of updates. Java plays a 
huge role in the world of programming, as it can be applied to many fields. For example, 
Java has been used to create various web applications (Google docs), mobile games, and a 
wide range of applications. It is important to analyze the use of language features for each 
programming language. These analyzes can
Mobile app — A mobile app, often referred to as an app, is a type of software designed 
to run on a mobile device, for example: a smartphone or tablet. Most mobile apps serve to 
provide users with services similar to those available on a personal computer. Applications 
are usually small, separate programming blocks with separate limited functions. The use of 
this software was originally made by Apple Inc. popularized by. The App Store offers 
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TOSHKENT DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA UNIVERSITETI
 
ILMIY AXBOROTLARI 2020/5 
thousands of apps for iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch.There are two dominant platforms in 
today’s smartphone market. One of them is Apple Inc. iOS platform. The iOS platform is an 
operating system that supports Apple’s popular iPhone smartphone network. The second is 
Google’s Android OT. The Android operating system is used not only by Google devices, but 
also by many other OEMs to create their own smartphones and other smart devices. In 2009, 
technology commentator David Pogue argued that smartphones could be called “practical 
phones” to differentiate mobile devices from the simpler forms previously developed. Since 
then, the term “software application” has been abbreviated as “software” and has become 
very popular. In 2010, the American Dialects Society named it “Word of the Year”. 
The simplest mobile apps take computer apps and transfer them to a mobile device. 
As mobile applications became more reliable, this technology then involved the 
development of a customized mobile environment, taking into account the limitations and 
advantages of a sophisticated approach. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages of 
native programs: 
make the popularity of the language easier to work with, as well as ensure the 
reliability of the programming language. Using the Java programming language, it is possible 
to create interactive learning applications that improve the quality of teaching and learning. 
Let’s take a look at the concept of mobile apps and mobile web apps as well as web apps. 
These concepts are almost no different for most users. But they are very different not only 
in appearance but also in scope. 
Advantages: - A geo-location sign allows companies to adjust loyalty or advertising 
programs. - information about user behavior (or inaction) can be easily collected and 
analyzed, which helps to evaluate the effectiveness of the entire application or its individual 
functions. - native applications usually work better and “feel” better. Sometimes web apps 
are designed to mimic locals, but they are limited by Internet speed and design capabilities. 
Disadvantages: - Developing native apps is expensive, especially for companies that need 
OTs with a platform for platforms - Native apps need to be approved in every app store, and 
the process of getting users ’attention can be difficult (unless the company has an internal 
app) 
A web application is a program that is stored on a separate server and delivered to 
the browser interface via the Internet. According to Web App Storm editor Jarel Remik, any 
component of a website that performs any function for a user is defined as a web 
application. There is no need to download web applications as they can be accessed over 
the network. Users can access the web application through a web browser such as Google 
Chrome, Mozilla Firefox or Safari 
Web applications require a web server, a software server, and a database. web servers 
handle client requests, and the application server performs the required function. The 
database can be used to store any required data. Web applications provide users with a 
number of features that can be used by a large number of users at the same time, they can 
be accessed from devices with different Internet access, they can be accessed using various 
software tools, the user can bring the desired web application to the user's desktop. The 
dentist has the ability to act on information in web applications, that is, to receive, store, 
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TOSHKENT DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA UNIVERSITETI
 
ILMIY AXBOROTLARI 2020/5 
process and transmit information, and so on. Web applications are created differently for 
different audiences, and there are commercial, educational, entertainment, and social 
networking applications based on the interests of the audience. Such applications are 
tracked by the user based on their interests. 
Some important advantages of web applications: 
– Internet-based applications are easier to support and can work on any platform with 
the OS 
– Developers can offer apps without approval by any app stores 
– Faster conversion using CSS, HTML and JavaScript 
Several disadvantages of web applications: 
– Web applications do not have access to the user's device. 
– Users can use this type of application only over the network, which significantly 
reduces security management. 
– It can be difficult to search for an app because it doesn’t have an app store with a 
directory and a search function. 
There are two types of web applications: 
Progressive Web-applications 
PWA offers an alternative way to develop traditional mobile applications by transferring 
them to the app store and installing the apps. PWA is an Internet-based application that uses 
a variety of browser features, such as offline mode, back-up, and the ability to add weather 
to the device's screen, making it more user-friendly. 
• Hybrid mobile devices are created using standard web technologies JavaScript, CSS 
and HTML5 and integrated into software installation packages. Unlike simple applications, 
hybrid applications are called "web-containers", which provide a bridge to the APIs of the 
browser and local devices via ApacheCordova. 
• A hybrid program is a program written with the help of web technologies and 
attached to a thin web-browser. In a hybrid program, you can quickly switch to other 
platforms that use the same basic database. 
Additional advantages of hybrid applications: 
– Hybrid applications have the most functional features for the user; 
– Developers are not limited to a single platform, instead they can create a hybrid 
application that runs on multiple platforms (if running as a local application). 
– Hybrids are a good choice for programmers who create visually rich applications, such 
as games (which don’t work as well as web applications) 
The hybrid application has some drawbacks: 
– Very complex programs are best done 
– Such an application requires extra time and effort to make the local user look and 
feel (compared to web applications) 
– App Stores can reject hybrid apps that run smoothly 
With the emergence of ICT novel methods and ways of teaching have been created. 
More precisely, all-inclusive distance and mixed learning systems has developed and 
nowadays being practically examined. The first institution employed MOOC system was an 
open-university situated in Milton Keynes UK. Currently, there are plenty of leading 
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TOSHKENT DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA UNIVERSITETI
 
ILMIY AXBOROTLARI 2020/5 
universities that altered traditional system of education into innovative and conservative 
one. These institutions are Open-university in UK, Open national university named after 
Indira Gadhi in India, University of Florida, Charles Sturt university. Forms of teaching can be 
changed by the impact of two major factors. First potential to cause verifications is technical 
and scientific revolutions while the second one is perennial rise of human demand. 
The tools of e-learning and m-learning (mobile learning) are mobile phones, smart 
phones and handheld computers. These portable gadgets provide convenient atmosphere 
to the learner giving the opportunity to observe or participate in particular lecture regardless 
of time and place. The subsequent stage of electronic educational evolution is E-learning, 
comprising the function of getting access to educational materials as well as services from 
various kinds of mobile devices having internet connectivity. By significantly facilitating and 
simplifying educational procedure it eliminates the major issue of entire conservative 
system which is classroom attendance, moving the importance from lecture participation to 
material acquisition. Leading experts in this field, O.Connel and Low defined m-learning as a 
combination of e-learning and adaptive education.
While Eteokleous and Ctoridou came up with differing point of view, arguing that m-
learning is a next generation of e-learning. Moreover, they recapitulated that e-learning is a 
system where exploiting mass media is inevitable and this process can be accomplished by 
using digital methodology.
Russian scientist ДПогуляев categorized mobile teaching equipments according to 
their carrying tasks: 
Analyzing materials with the help of mobile devices, for instance, e-book, mobile 
dictionary, TV and video programs there are multimedia applications 
Means of correspondence between educator and student (mobile chatting, 
conferences, e-mail, mobile blogs) 
Instructing knowledge, checking the task accomplishment degree (mobile tests and 
applications) 
Preparing for never experienced unintended urgent situations, automation of decision 
making process by attaining new skills (mobile research, study-aimed game, mobile training) 
As a m-education support tool 
There are several ways to technically implement a project that combines all of the 
above mentioned attributes. Nonetheless, the most optimal way of achieving this goal is 
through “learning mobile web applications”, which include: 
Saving the web-page in off-line mode enables user to exploit information in the 
application in off-line regime 
With the aid of web-application 
Scrutinizing, accomplishing and perceiving new material becomes much more easier 
Chance to acquisition of video and audio materials 
Corresponding with other participants 
View hypertext context 
Facilitation of working with multimedia presentation 
Mobile web-applications can be used not only in distance learning but also in credit 
module system of education. With the aid of this application in credit module system the 
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TOSHKENT DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA UNIVERSITETI
 
ILMIY AXBOROTLARI 2020/5 
inferior quality of teaching will be changed into superior quality, because mobile web-
applications bring: 
A golden opportunity to use a certain systemized knowledge repository 
Independence from attendance obligatory lessons on particular time and place, as one 
can get conversant with new themes via video lessons 
A sympathetic environment for student-teacher correspondence 
Convenience to always be enlightened about university news 
The possibilities of wide e-library treasure’s utilization 
A marvelous opening for not skipping any informative data in lectures, through 
listening to them distantly 
It is anticipated that, in the not too distant future mobile-web applications will be 
effectively applied in creation of virtual universities. Through appropriate and aimed 
utilization, these applications can be forward- pushing factors of educational reformations. 
Since, university will have a national system of education with markedly enhanced quality 
and systemized supervision of educational quality. 

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