Nazariy ma ’lumotlar:
Ikkilik sanoq sistemasida arifmetik amallar bajarish
Ma'lumki ikkilik sanoq sistemasi faqat ikkita: 0 va 1 raqamlaridan tashkil topgan. Shu sistemada qo'shish, ayirish va ko'paytirish amallari quyidagicha bajariladi:
Ko’paytirish
|
Qo’shish
|
Ayirish
|
0*0=0
|
0+0=0
|
0-0=0
|
0*1=0
|
0+1=1
|
1-0=0
|
1*0=0
|
1+0=1
|
10-0=1
|
1*1=1
|
1+1=10
|
|
Endi ikkilik sanoq sistemasidagi sonlar ustida turli arifmetik amallar bajarishga doir misollar ko'ramiz.
Topshiriqlar:
1111112+1111012;
1111112*1111012
110,112+1101,012;
110,112*1101,012
Uslubiy ko’rsatma:
1111112
+1111012
11111 002
Sakkizlik sanoq sistemasida arifmetik amallar bajarish
Yuqorida ayitib o’tganimizdek, sakkizlik sanoq sistemasida sonlarni yozish uchun hammasi bo’lib sakkizta raqam (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ) dan foydalaniladi, demak maskur sanoq sis-temaning asosi 8 ga tengdir. Shuning uchun har qanday amallar mana shu sakkiz raqam orqali 112amalga112 oshiriladi.
QO’ShlSh JADVALI:
+
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
10
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
10
|
11
|
3
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
4
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
5
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
14
|
6
|
6
|
7
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
14
|
15
|
7
|
7
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
14
|
15
|
16
|
Sakkizlik sanoq sistemasida KO’PAYTIRISh JADVALI:
x
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
6
|
10
|
12
|
14
|
16
|
20
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
6
|
11
|
14
|
17
|
22
|
25
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
10
|
14
|
20
|
24
|
30
|
34
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
12
|
17
|
24
|
31
|
36
|
43
|
6
|
0
|
6
|
14
|
22
|
30
|
36
|
44
|
52
|
7
|
0
|
7
|
16
|
25
|
34
|
43
|
52
|
61
|
Sakkizlik sanoq tizimida kushish va ayirish amallarini kuyidagi misollarda kurib chikamiz:
37,05(8) 2) 1277,3(8)
+ 77,77(8) + 127,71(8)
137,04(8) 1427,21(8)
3) 456(8) 4) 1(8)
- 374,351(8) - 0,70745(8)
61,427(8) 0,07033(8)
Sakkizlik sanoq tizimida ko’paytirish va bO’lish amallarini kuyidagi misollarda kurib chikamiz:
Fon - Neyman prinsiplari 78
EHM tuzilishi (Fon Neyman arxitekturasi) 78
Informatsiya turlari va miqdori, uni o’lchash birliklari 94
Intellektual sistemalar yaratishda ishlatiladigan asosiy amaliy programma paketlari va ularning ishlatilishi. 121
Nazorat uchun savollar: 125
Masala qo’yilish jarayonini amalga oshirishda quyidagilarga e’tibor berish maqsadga muvofiq: 127
Bu bosqichda xam quyidagilarga axamiyat berish maqsadga muvofiq: 128
Bu bosqichda asosan quyidagilarga axamiyat berish maqsadga muvofiq: 128
Algoritmlashtirish jarayonida quyidagilarni xisobga olish maqsadga muvofiq: 129
Dasturlash jarayonida quyidagilarni xisobga olish ancha engilliklar yaratadi: 129
Bu bosqichda quyidagilarni xisobga olish maqsadga muvofiq: 130
Bu bosqichni amalga oshirishda quyidagilarga axamiyat berish kerak: 131
Bunday turdagi ko’rsatma yozish quyidagilarni o’z ichiga qamrab olishi kerak bo’ladi: 132
331 + 135 1701(8)
2) 0,2516(8) : 0,7(8) = 0,302(8)
0,2516(8) j 0,7(8) 3) 254(8)
- 25 ! 0,302(8) * 124(8)
16 1260 - 16 + 530
0 254
34160(8)
1 - TOPShlRIK
Ikkilik sanoq tizimida kushish amalini bajaring va kayta utish yuli bilan natijani tekshiring.
10110+111111 9) 111+10000 17)10001+11001
10011 +11010 10)11100 +101001 18)11101 +10110
11111 +10011 11)10101 +11011 19)10011+ 11010
11001 +100101 12)11011+ 1001 20)11100+ 10111
10001+110011 13) 1010+110111 21)11001+11011
111 +100111 14)10011+ 101010 22)10101+ 01001
10100 + 111 15)10110 +10110 23)11110+ 01111
10000 - 1001
11100 - 1101
11011 - 1110
10011 - 1010
11000 - 1111
10101 - 1011
11100 - 1110
10101 - 1010
11000 - 10011
10110 - 10011
10010 - 10111
11001 - 1110
10101 - 1010
10100 - 10001
10000 - 1110
11101 - 1100
101100 - 11111
10000 - 1111
100111 - 11100
100001 - 10110
100110 - 1011
111100 - 1101
110011 - 11001
101101 - 11001
2 - TOPShlRIK
Ikkilik sanoq tizimida ayirish amalini bajaring
11001 +11011 16)10101 +111001 24)10111 +10111
10010 * 1001
11101 * 1101
11111 * 1110
11011 * 1010
11010 * 1111
10111 * 1011
11110 * 1110
10111 * 1010
1000 * 11001
1111 * 1010
1101 * 10011
1100 * 11010
1010 * 11101
1010 * 10111
1110 * 1001
1111 * 1110
10110 * 111111
11001 * 100111
11100 * 110110
10000 * 1111
10011 * 1111
10111 * 1001
10110 * 11001
10101 * 10110
Ikkilik sanoq tizimida ko’paytirish amalini bajaring:
3 - TOPShlRIK
Topshiriqlar:
Sakkizlik sanoq sistemasida qo’shish va ko’paytirish jadvallarini tuzilishini
taxlil qiling.
25478+65438;
25478*65438;
546,78+7663,78;
546,78*7663,78
Sakkizlik sanoq tizimida kushish amalini bajaring
127 + 13 9) 524 + 126 17)234 + 326
376 + 15 10)777 + 111 18)236 + 451
256 + 25 11)427 + 333 19)742 + 343
1024 + 172
167 + 54
207 + 207
716 +23
442 +121
161+213
456 + 232
234 +54
123 + 543
564 + 465
565 + 356
661 + 35
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