Мuzaffar Choriyev Мuхаmmаdi G‘opporov

Yordamchi fe’llar

To be

	Be + Ving	Hozirgi davom zamonni yasaydi	I am waiting for Peter. She was writing a letter at five o’clock. It has been raining since morning. I shall be working at three o’clock.
	Be + P.P.	Majhul nisbatni yasaydi	He is often invited there. He was asked a difficult question. The translation will be finished tomorrow.
	Be + ot, sifat, infinitive	Ot kesimda bog‘lovchi bo‘lib keladi	He is an engineer. The stoty was interesting. She will be a teacher next year. The task of our representative was to ship the goods immediately.
	Be = asosiy fe’l	Bo‘lmoq, edi ma’-nosida biror joyda joylashganlikni bildiradi	He is at the Instittute now. She was in London during the war. I shall be at home tonight.
	Be + to + V	Oldindan keli-shilgan yoki reja-lashtirilgan zaruratni bildiradi	They are to begin this work at once. He is to come here tomorrow.
	Was (were) + to+V	O‘tgan zamonda sodir bo‘lishi kerak bo‘lgan , lekin sodir bo‘l-gan-bo‘lmaganli-gi gapning oxiri-da ma’lum bo‘la-digan ish-hrakat.	I was to send him a telegram, but I forgot. Men unga telegramma jo‘natishim kerak edi, lekin unutibman. The goods were to be delivered at the end of the month. Mollar oyning oxirida yetkazib berilishi kerak edi.
	Was (were) + to+ have + P.P.	O‘tgan zamonda sodir bo‘lishi kerak bo‘lgan, le-kin sodir bo‘lma-gan ish-harakat	I was to have finished my work yesterday. Men ishimni kecha tugatishim kerak edi
	Be + to+be + P.P.	Zaruratdan tashqari ehtimollikni ham bildiradi	Such books are to be found in all libraries. Bunday kitoblar barcha kutubxonalardan topilishi mumkin.

To have

	Have + P.P.	Perfect zamonlarni yasaydi	I have seen the new film. I had finished my work by five o’clock. I shall have translated the article by ten o’clock.
	Have = asosiy fe’l	Bor, ega bo‘lmoq ma’nosida ishlatiladi	I have a good watch. He had a large library. We shall soon have a new radio set.
		So‘roq shakli	Have you a good watch? Had he a large library? Did he have a large library?
		Bo‘lishsiz shakli not a /any	I haven’t a watch. He hasn’t any books on this subject. I hadn’t any time to go there. I shall not (shan’t) have any time to go there tomorrow. I have not (haven’t) had any time to go there today.
		Bolishsiz shakli have no	I have no watch. He has no books on this subject. I had no time to go there. I’ll have no time to go there tomorrow. I’ve had no time to go there today.
	Have = have got	Hozirgi zamonda ishlatiladi	I’ve got a large library = I have a large library. Has he got a large library?= has he a large library. I haven’t got an english dictionary. = I have no English dictionary.
	To have dinner ovqatlanmoq To have breakfast nonushta qilmoq To have a rest dam olmoq To have a talk suh-batlashmoq To have a quarrel janjallashmoq To have a walk sayr qilmoq To have smoke chekmoq To have a good time vaqtni yaxshi o‘tkazmoq	Simple present va Simple Pastda bo‘lishsiz va so‘roq shakllari do yordamchi fe’li yordamida yasaladi	When do you have dinner? Did you have a good rest last summer? We didn’t have supper at home yesterday.
	Have + to + V	Tashqi biror kuch ta’siridagi majburiy zarurat. Simple Present va Simple Pastda bo‘lishsiz va so‘roq shakllari do yordamchi fe’li yordamida ysaladi	I have to get up early on Mondays. Dushanba kunlari mening ertachi turishimga to‘g‘ri keladi. They had to go there. Ularning u yerga borishlariga to‘g‘ri keldi. He will have to do it. U buni qilishga majbur bo’ladi. Do you have to write this exercise? You don’t have to write this exercise. They didn’t have to go there.
	Have/has got + to +V = have/has + to + V		I’ve got (I have got) to do it. = I have to do it. He’s got (he has got) to write it.= He has to write it.
	Have + ot (olmosh) + P.P.	Ish-harakat ega uchun boshqa shaxs tomonidan bajariladi. Simple Present va Simple Pastda bo‘lishsiz va so‘roq shakllari do yordamchi fe’li yordamida yasaladi.	I have my hair cut at this hairdresser/s. men shu sartaroshxonada sochimni oldiraman. I had my watch repaired yesterday. Men kecha soatimti tuzattirdim. I shall have the letters posted immediately. Men zudlik bilan xatlarni jo’nattirdim. Do you have your hair cut at this hairdresser’s? I don’t have my hair cut at this hairdresser’s. Did you have the letters posted yesterday? I didn’t have the letters posted yesterday.
	Have + ot (olmosh) + to + V	Biror narsani qilish istagi, maqsadi, niyati borligini bildiradi. Bo‘lishsiz va so‘roq shakllari dosiz yasaladi.	I have something to tell you. Men sizga bir nima aytmoqchiman. I have a new book to show you. Have you anything to tell me? I haven’t anything to tell you.

To do

	Ega + do + not + V Do ega V?	Simple Present va Simple Pastda barcha fe’llarning bo‘lishsiz va so‘roq shakllarini yasash uchun ishlatiladi.	Do you speak English? He doesn’t work here. Did you see him yesterday? They didn’t speak to me about it. Don’t go there. Don’t open the window. Don’t be angry. Don’t have anything to do with him.
	Do, does, did + V	Asosiy fe’lnng ma’nosini kuchaytiradi	I am sorry you don’t know my brother. But I do know him. Why doesn’t he go to the reading –room? But he does go there very often. Why didn’t you speak to him? But I did speak to him.
	Do + V	Buyruq gaplarda iltimosning ma’nosini kuchaytiradi	Do come tonight. Do have another cup of tea. Do write me a few lines Do be reasonable.
	Do = asosiy fe’l	Qilmoq ma’nosida, Simple Present va Simple Pastda bo‘lishsiz va so‘roq shakllari do yordamchi fe’li yordamida yasaladi.	He has done his exercises. They will do their work tonight. Does he do it? Did you do it? I do not do it. I did not do it.

Shall

1	Shall + V	I shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda kelasi zamonni yasash uchun ishlatiladi	I shall be free tonight. Shall I see you tomorrow? We shall not have an English lesson tomorrow.
2	Shall + I (we) + V?	I shaxs birlik va ko‘plikda so‘roq gaplarda suhbatdoshdan farmoyish, ko‘rsatma, topshiriq olish maqsadida ishlatiladi.	Shall I close the window? Derazani ochaymi? Where shall we wait for you? Sizni qayerda kutaylik?
3	Shall + V	2- va 3-shaxs birlik va ko‘p-likda bo‘lishli va bo‘lishsiz gaplarda modallashib ishla-tiladi . Kelasi zamondagi va’dani, buyruqni, po‘pisani, ogohlantirishni, tanbehni bildiradi	Tell her that she shall have the books tomorrow. You shan’t have any cause for complaint. You shall write your exercises at once. They shall regretit if they do it.
4	Shall + you + V ?	Shall javobini olish mumkin bo‘lgan egasi 2-shaxs bo‘lgan so‘roq gapda ishlatiladi. Hozir shallni will siqib chiqarmoqda.	Shall (will) you be eighteen or nineteen tomorrow? Shall (will) you have an English or French lesson on Friday?
5	Shall + he (she, it, they) + V?	3-shaxs birlik va ko‘plikdagi so‘roq gaplarni yasaydi, modallashadi va 3-shaxs uchun farmoyishni bildiradi	When shall they come? Qachon kelsinlar? Shall he wait for you at the hotel? U Sizni mehmonxonada kutsinmi?

Should

1	Should + V	O’tgan zamondagi kelasi zamonlarni yasaydi	I said that I should be glad to see him. I said that we should have a meeting on Monday.
2	Should + V	2- va 3-shaxslar birlik va ko’plikda modallashadi, va’dani, po’pisani, buyruqni bildiradi	He said that she should have the books in a few days.
3