М. М. Кутепова The World of Chemistry Мир

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1kutepova m m the world of chemistry angliyskiy yazyk dlya st[1]

They said he should

	data.	data?	record the data.
ought	You oughtn’t/ought not to go	Ought you to go	They said you ought
	there.	there?	to go there.
will	It won't/will not take two hours to	Will it take two hours	They said it would
	do the work.	to do the work?	• take two hours to do the work.
used to	I didn't use to work there.	Did you use to work there?	They said they used to work there.
would	I wouldn't/would not go there.	Would you go there?	They said they would often go there.

Note: Questions with might are rare. Could is more often used. E. g.: Where could he be?

212

Affirmative Sentences (П овествовател ьн ые п редложен ия)
Не says Не tells me (I am told)	that he	will make experiments tomorrow. makes experiments every day. is making an experiment now. has already made the experiment. 3) made an experiment yesterday.
He said He told me (I was told)	that he	would made experiments... made experiments... was making an experiment... had already made the experiment. 3) had made an experiment...
Indirect Questions (Косвенные вопросы)
a) General Questions
We ask him He is asked	if he whether	will make an experiment. makes experiments... is making an experiment... has already made the experiment... 3) made an experiment...
We asked him He was asked	if he whether	would make an experiment... made an experiment... was making an experiment... had already made the experiment... 3) had made an experiment...
b) Special Questions
We ask him (He is asked)	what how he where when*	will make experiments... makes experiments... is making an experiment... has already made the experiment... 3) made the experiment...
* After when you can't use Present Perfect and Present Continuous (Progressive).

213

	Active	Passive
Infinitive Simple	to ask	. to be asked
Infinitive Continuous (Progressive)	to be asking	-
Infinitive Perfect	to have asked	to have been asked
Infinitive Perfect Continuous (Progressive)	to have been asking	-
Gerund Simple	asking	being asked
Gerund Perfect	having asked	having been asked
Participle Present	asking	being asked
Participle Past	-	asked
Participle Perfect	having asked	having been asked

Note: Negation not is placed before the infinitive and participle: to do — not to do, having done — not having done. Gerund is used with the preposition without: saying — without saying.

Examples

Translation

To make experiments is useful.
a) The problem was — to understand the

procedure.

He was to make the solution.
He began to experiment in his early childhood.

She wanted to speak with the lecturer.
The method to be used is being discussed now.
There was only one method to be discussed.

Проводить эксперименты — полезно.
Задача состояла в том, чтобы понять процедуру.
Он должен был приготовить раствор.
Он начал экспериментировать в раннем детстве.
Она хотела поговорить с лектором.
Метод, который должен быть использован, сейчас обсуждается.
Существовал только один метод, который можно было обсуждать.

He was the first to write the test.
We must work hard (in order, so as) to master chemistry.
Materials thrown out by volcanoes are spread over the surface to form fertile soils.

Он был первым, кто написал тест.
Мы должны упорно работать, чтобы овладеть химией.
Материалы, выбрасываемые вулканами, распространяются по поверхности, образуя плодородные почвы.

Gerund and Its Translation into Russian

Table 10

Examples

Translation

Attending lectures is not obligatory.
Her greatest pleasure was working in the laboratory.
He began making the experiment yesterday.
We remember having discussed this problem two days ago.
The professor was pleased with Tom's studying organic chemistry.
They insisted on the conference being put off.
I don't like his manner of lecturing.
The barometer is an instrument for measuring pressure.
After having read the article, she wrote a letter to Dr. Brown.
They worked without stopping for rest.
In copying the formula, he made a few mistakes.
We enrich our knowledge of chemistry by making experiments.

Посещение лекций не обязательно.
Самое большое удовольствие для нее — работа (работать) в лаборатории.
Он начал проводить эксперимент вчера.
Мы помним, что обсуждали этот вопрос два дня назад.

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