Ferghana Valley

Sayidfozil Zokirov (Uzbekistan) holds a Ph.D. in economics. He is the chair of the 
Department of Economics at the National University of Uzbekistan. In the past, he 
has served in the Ministry of Economy of Uzbekistan.

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411
A’ala, Abul, 307
Abdrakhmanov, Kisambay Ajy, 343
Abdu-Karim Bey, 31
Abdulladzhanov, Abdumalik, 180, 214
Abdullaev, H.M., 158
Abdullaev, Shamshad, 154, 169, 279, 291, 
292
Abdullaev, Sherzod, 154, 192
Abdullah, Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Ali 
abu, 23
Abdullajanov, A., 141
Abdu-Raim Bey, 30–31, 63–64
Abdurakhman, 31
Abdurakhman, Mullah, 288
Abdurakhman-Batir, 31
Abdurakhman Bek, 46, 51
Abdurashid, Qori, 200
Abdurashidkhonov, Munavvar qori, 85
Abduvahhobov, Z., 357–58
Achamenid Empire, 6
Adab
, 129
Adablodoh
, 305
Adat, 39
Adolat, 194–96, 313–14, 317–19
Aetheism, 196, 286, 301, 304–5, 307, 
315–17
Afghanistan
cultural identity (1991–present), 287
drug trade, 227
economic development (1991–present), 
240
international community relations, 373, 
380–81, 382, 383, 386
Islam, 308, 315, 323–27, 338, 347,
359
jihad, 323–27
Kokand Khanate (1709–1876), 56–57
newspapers, 88
Afghanistan (continued)
Soviet invasion (1979), 178, 196
World War II, 136
Aflatuna, 5
Agafonoff, Aleksandr, 233
Agricultural crops
economic development (1991–present), 
ix, 232, 241–42
Kokand Khanate (1709–1876), 58
pre-colonialism, 7
Russian colonization (1860–1917), 74, 
77, 79–81, 82
Soviet rule (1917–1930), 96
Stalinism (1929–1953), 122
See also
specific crop
Agriculture
agrarian program (1871–1873), 77
economic development (1991–present), 
232, 234, 235, 241–42, 245
international community relations, 374, 
388n8
Khrushchev/Brezhnev era (1950s–1980s), 
141, 149–51, 159n4, 165
perestroika (1985–1991), 178, 179, 
180–83, 193
privatization, 235, 245
Russian colonization (1860–1917), 74, 
77–82
since independence (1992–2008), 223
Soviet rule (1917–1930), 96, 104–5
Stalinism (1929–1953), 121–22, 127–28, 
137
See also
Collective farms; Irrigated 
agriculture; Land ownership
Ahli Hadith, 337
Ahli Qur’an, 337
Ahmad, Abu Mansur, 324
Ahmadi, Sherzod, 87
Index

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412 INDEX
Ahmadiya, 349
Ahmad Shah, 32, 41
Ahmed, Sultan, 12
Ahsikati, Abu-l-Fazl Muhammad ibn Tahir 
Asir ad’din, 23
Ahsiket
coin mint, 15, 16
fifth to eighth centuries 
ce
, 9–10
irrigation systems, 19
ninth to tenth centuries 
ce
, 9–10
trade routes, 15–16, 17
Ahskiendi, Saif ad’din, 23
Ahunjon, 100
Aitmatov, Chingiz, 134, 156
Aitmatov, Torekul, 134
Akaev, Askar, xiii, 179, 194, 206–11, 233
Ak-Bura River, 14
Chust culture, 5, 18
irrigation systems, 18, 19
Ak-Buta Bey, 30
Akchurin, Rinat, 154
Akhmad, Mirza, 36
Akhunbabaev, Yuldash, 104, 127, 138n16, 
140, 157
Aklli ilmlar
, 85
Ak-Mechet (Kyzyl-Orda)
Kokand Khanate (1709–1876), 45, 57
Russian colonization (1860–1917), 69
Akromiya, 327, 332–36, 374
Aksakals
cultural identity (1991–present), 287
Khrushchev/Brezhnev era 
(1950s–1980s), 174–75
Kokand Khanate (1709–1876), 47, 57, 63
Russian colonization (1860–1917), 77
Aksu, 13
Ak-Turpak, 360
Alai Mountains
Andronovo culture, 4
cultural influences, 8
geographical boundary, ix, 3, 14
Kokand Khanate (1709–1876), 31, 34
Alai Valley, 107
Ala-Too
, 198
Albrecht, Ernst, 233
Alexander II, Tsar, 41, 45–46, 51, 71
Alga Party, 210
Ali, Nasr ibn, 21
Alibekov, Sergei, 169, 291
Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun, 307, 327
Ali Kuli, 47
Alim Bek, 43
Alim Khan, 30, 33, 44
Alimkul, Mullah, 37, 38, 43, 47
Alim Makhdum-Hajji, Mullah, 30
All-Union Census (1926), 111
All-Union Democratic Congress, 221
Almaty Agreement (1992), 260
Aloise, M., 53
Alphabet
Cyrillic alphabet, 129, 287, 303, 352
Latin alphabet, 129, 287, 303, 352
Al-Qaeda, 222, 324
Altun-Bishik, 30
Alutar, 11