Handbuch der orientalistik section eight central asia

In a rather large number of cases Turkic may also have a front reflex *e in the same row of correspondences:

PA	PTM	PT	PM	Kor.	Jpn.
*cioke	*3uku-n	*dEgirj		*cui
*cioke	*cuKa	*cekin		*soksai	*tukusi
*iode	*(x)odinsa	*ed-	*(h)ideye-
*iore	*ur	*er-kek	*(h)iireye	*6rapi	*ata
*kiorteme	*kutumi-	*gErtme	*kedemen		*ku(n)tamana
*kiome	*xuma-n	*kEmiik	*kemi
*miole	*mula-	*belek	*mel3e-	*mur-	*marap-
*hioge	*riog-	*jEgin	*.ieye		*mu-kua
*riione	*riun-de-	*JEr|	*3in-de-
*piole	*pul-sa	*Eldiri	*helde-		*para
*siobe	*subgu	*seb-	*seb
*sioge	*sogi-	*s[e]gol	*sdyel	*hok
*siorjre	*soro-ptun	*sErjir	*seyer
*tfiolge	*tolga	*TElgen	*telegen
*t'iopfe	*tubu-	*tep-	*teye-	*tjap-	*tumpu-
*t'ior(g)e	*turga-	*Terki	*terki-	*tori	*turi-
*t'iore	*tori-	*ter	*turije-		*tutua-ma-

128

INTRODUCTION

We see that in reflexes of PA diphthongs that we have been dealing with so far two basic principles are observed:

The correlation "Turkic *ia : TM *ia/*i" points to PA *ja before non-labialized vowels

The correlation 'Turkic *ia or *a : TM *o/*u" points to PA *ia before

labialized vowels or *io before non-labialized vowels.

But there are also two other rows of correspondences where Turkic has labialized *u or *o, whereas Tungus-Manchu has *i or *ia. Japanese here has *e (less frequently *a) or *u, thus indicating that the second vowel was *o or *u. It seems therefore natural to reconstruct here the two missing sequences: *CioCo and *CioCu, assuming that in TM there occurred a labial dissimilation in the first syllable, whereas in Turkic, conversely, labialization was retained because of assimilation to the vowel of the second syllable. The evidence is following:

*CioCo

TM has here *i; Turkic - *o/u; Mongolian - any labialized vowel; Japa­nese - usually *e (but sometimes also *a); Korean - a variation of *i and

*(j)a.

PA	PTM	PT	PM	Kor.	Jpn.
*biolo	*bila-		""bol^u-		*bari
rbioro	*bir[u]-kan		*borgija	*pire/*pjar
rc'iok'o	*cixa	*cok-	*coku-		*tenka-
*gioko	*gik-	*Kog-	*Ruji-		*kaka-
rgiolo	*gn-	*Kol-	*golu-		*karapa-
*kiorio		*Konak	*kdyene	*kimm	*kamai
j*k'iomo(lV)	*ximne-kte	*Kumlak	*komeli		*kamira
*kfiojno	*xinii-	*Kujan	*koji-	*kjarii	*kaju-
*kfiok'o	*xikeri		*kokima-		*kakurai
*kfioro	*xirga-	*Kiirt	*koro-kai	"■
*liomo(na)	*nim-na-	*jom(nak)	*dom(ak)	*ni'jaki	*na(N), *nam-
*miolkro	*milkii-		*molki-	*miK-	*make-jep-
*miolo	*mila-	*bol-	*mol-(/*mel-)	*mir-	*mer-
*miojo	*mija-	*boj-		*mi-	*majua-
*pioltorV	*pilti-	*buldir-	*bol^ir-	*pitiiri	*patua
*pioro	*piregde	*bor-	*burga-
*priolo	*pile-	*jol		*pjer-
*p'iolo		*jul-duf	*ho-du	*Piar-	*pesi
*siolo	*silu-kta	*solak	*sol-
*siogo	*sig-	*sogi-k		*sik-	*saje- 1

CHAPTER TWO 129

PA	PTM	PT	PM	Kor.	Jpn.
*t'ioso	*tisu-	*Tusu(g)	*tiisi-	*thas	*tasuka-