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2.3 Types of toponyms. Quantative and qualitative toponyms
The proper nouns attached to topographical features and settled (and used) places and regions on the earth's surface are known as geographical names or place names (or toponyms). Toponyms can be found in both spoken and written languages, and they serve as a valuable reference system for individuals and communities all around the world.Toponymy can uncover important historical information about a place, such as the period of time the original language of the inhabitants lasted, settlement history, and population dispersal. Place-name study can also provide insight to religious changes in an area, such as the conversion to Christianity.
The place names are varied, wonderful and weird. Each name in classifying them into species analysis in the first place in terms of language rules and stages of formation. It would be appropriate to do. We conditionally follow them, depending on their origin. We divide them into types:
1) names related to the condition, characteristics, surface and climate of the place;
2) water-related names, ie hydronyms;
3) names of plants and animals;
4) names related to minerals;
5) names derived from profession and administration;
6) names related to people, tribes and clans;
7) names of persons;
8) mythological and religious names;
9) strange names;
10) names of the new age
1) Names related to the condition, characteristics, surface and climate of the place. "Northern" on earthPresence of caves, islands and rivers meaning "south", "west", "east" known. For example, Nardkap ("Shi-financial nose"), Hokkaido ("North Island"), RioTrande del Norte ("Great North River"), the East China Sea, West Berlin and others Toqqizdo-von and Orqatag (in western China), Orqaolay (Zaoloy), Shrta sea (between continents), Eighth Grade Strait (Indian Ocean), Windy Islands and islands without wind (in Central America).
2) The size of rivers, lakes and wells, the color of the water, salinity, depending on the purity, depth.The water in Fergana is called Tentaksoy. There is also Jinnidarya in Surkhandarya; she is in the spring it swells and overflows, kisses and shores the shores, and in the summer the water dries up remains. Issyk-Kul does not freeze water, Sassikkol, Achchi (q) -kol, SHorkuduk, SHorbulak -so named because of the taste of the water.
3) Konibodom is actually Kandibodom, which means Almond Zahiriddin Bobir wrote. Pattkesar on the Amu River (patta - tree, willow one species), Taldykorgan in Kazakhstan, Karaganda (Karaganda - thorny shrub), Qatortal,Kokterak and Terakzor are examples of plant names.
4) Tash-Kumyr and Moylisuv in Kyrgyzstan, Jezkazgan in Kazakhstan, Karamay in western China, and Central Asia Kumushkon, Nebitdog, Tuzkon, Oltinkon, Achchik-tash, Surmatosh, Oltintopgan,Lead names refer to local minerals.
5) Bozchi, Bordonchi, Boyokchi villages in Uzbekistan, close to Tashkent city. The famous cotton market, Choponbozor, Tabibkocha, Kalandarkhana,names such as saddle, archer, knife, Qazikocha, Mahkama, Urda, Xonaqo inherited from the craft.
6) Qalmaq, Qangli (qani), Qanjigali, Qarluq, Qatagan, Qashqar, Kazakh, Karamurt, Karakhitoy are the names of names related to people, tribes and clans.
7) Many scientists and on the map sailors - a work that explores, sails or is important the names of the creators will be kept forever. Barents Sea, Vil'itsky Strait, LaptevsSea, Chelyuskin Burnl, Cook Strait, Hudson River, Tasmania, etc.
8) Takhti Sulaymon in Ush, in the Amudarya Duldulotlagan (Hazrat Ali's flying horse jumped from this part of the river), Late on the banks of the Kofirnikhan River (near the village of Khonako in Tajikistan) —Poyi Duldul,Ali's Rock in front of Akhan-Garon, Farkhod Rock in Syrdarya, Fergana ValleyShohimardon, Kaikovus stream in Tashkent, Zulfi-qar on the border with Turkmenistancorridor ("Ali's sword struck" gorge), Adamota peak in Sri Lanka (Ceylon) (as if Adam Alay-hissalam had fallen from the sky there) - everything is legendary.
9) There are very few humorous, funny or funny names on the world map it's not. For example, in England - "Have mercy", "Blind grooms", "Frogs", "The Rat", "Great love", "Invisible", "Pianist's repentance ..." cities like Italy - Dog Cave, America - Death Valley, Iran - Dashti Noumid.
10) New Age Names. Such names were originally used in the Soviet Union and other socialist came in countries even in countries that are just beginning to be liberatednames are being changed and new names are being given.
In general, a toponym is a collection of place names in a specific area. The name of any science, what it means, where the name first appeared, is geographical on the one hand, and toponymy on the other. Toponymy, the science of geographical names, is closely related to the sciences of geology, geomorphology, and biogeography, which study the structure and properties of a specific region of the planet. This research paper revealed a few etymological pecularities of Uzbek and English toponyms through the scientists' work.
Everything in the world has a name. People move from one place to another, from one street next to another, to the hills, to the towns and villages invented names to distinguish them from each other.
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