Etymological peculiarities of uzbek and english toponyms dissertation

2.2 Exploration of Uzbek scholars on place names
Doctor of Geographical Sciences S.Korayev, Professor of Karshi State University are among the most active scholars of Uzbek toponymy of the XX century. T. Nafasov, professors of the National University of Uzbekistan R.Rahimbekov, P. Gulyamov. S.Korayev's books "The meaning of geographical names" published by "Uzbekistan" publishing house.In particular, the joint work of other scholars serves as an important guide. "Explanatory dictionary of geography" compiled by S.Korayev, P.Gulamov, R.Rakhimbekov, "Explanatory dictionary of geographical terms and concepts" by P.Gulamov and other place names and methods of their use in geographical education. His works play an important role in the development of toponymy and geography in Uzbekistan.Professor R. Rahimbekov, Doctor of Geographical Sciences, who created at the National University, has published a number of works, as well as supervised several PhD theses. In the field of toponymy trained 45 candidates of science. Well-known geographer and philologist S.Korayev summarizes the work on toponymy in his book "Toponymy in Uzbekistan" and thinks about future work in the field of toponymy and geographical terminology. He is currently republishing the previously published books "Tashkent Toponyms", "Meaning of Geographical Names" in accordance with the requirements of the ideology of independence.
Geographical names are an integral part of geographic maps and plans. However, many toponyms are administrative in legal documents and government decisionsin the activities of government agencies, in the field of transport and communications, in various reference booksin educational, informational, and other publications. Correct spelling of geographical names is an integral part of general scientific literacy.
A geographical name is also a toponym, but a well-known name that represents an object. Current rules of Uzbek spelling of all geographical names in the territory of Uzbekistanis written on the basis of. Add or subtract the following geographical names, capitalize or lowercase the components of geographical names, numbers, and geographic names is the rules for spelling names allow for diversity in the spelling of geographical namesnot to put them, an official that helps to harden their writing, that is, to standardize themis a document. These rules apply to the Ministry of Geodesy and Cartography of the Republic of Uzbekistan V.M.These rules were approved in 2004 by the State Cadastre Administration Compiled by Doctor of Sciences Suyun Karayev and prepared by S. Karayev at the National Laboratory of Geoinformatics and Cadastre, Central Toponymy (Reviewers)candidate of geographical sciences dots. P. Gulomov and candidate of philological sciences T. Ernazarov).
Basic rules of spelling geographical names

Noun+Noun	Qorovulbozor Qumqo‘rg‘on Qiziltepa
Adj+Noun	Kattaqishloq Uzunsoy, Egrisuv
Number+Noun	Beshbuloq, Xushrabod, Qo‘shko‘prik, Mingchuqur, Oltariq,
Noun+Verb	Qoyqirilgan qal‘a, Usta o‘ldi, Uloq o‘ynar

Geographical terms are added when they are included in toponyms, and this is geographicalmay be repeated after the names. Karatag Mountain Kohitang Mountains, Oktepa hill, Syrdarya river, Issyk-Kul lake, next to the names of individual points on the maps words denoting their types are not written. In Uzbek toponyms, geographical terms are always written after the geographical name; Nurata hills, Big Fergana canal, Karshi main canal, Akkuduk well. Uzbekistan

are common in toponyms, and are usually of two types. Terms related to natural geography. Terms related to socio-economic geography.
Geographical terms can also appear on the front of a toponym. Jarqorgon, Bandikhan, Cholbayr, Toshahor. It is also independent in the form of geographical terms also occurs in the form of toponyms. Aqba, band, gaza, Guzar, jar, Zax, Island, fountain, garden, etc. It does not always indicate the type of geographic object. This is because the name of an object can be the name of two or more objects. The city station Syrdarya can be a region. Beshariq, Aksuv, Karatag, Tuyaylov, Uchkuduk, there may be settlements and other objects. In this case, the object name is written after each toponym: Oqtosh resort, Qurghonteppa city.
Following the exhibitions of the famous geographer H. Hasanov, the appearance of the names is conditionalcan be classified in the following order.

1. 
   Names of places are related to the surface of the earth and nature in general. Earththe names of objects on the surface that mean north, south-east, and westa lot. The Mediterranean depends on the relief of the northern islands. Skating, Mount Kesekhydronyms Huanghe Rio-Negro Jinnidarya Bodhez formed by erosiongeomorphological forms- Adamtosh Arratosh Uradaryo.
   
2. 
   Names of plants and animals: Kurgan, Karaganda Tiger, Tukay Bokantov, Schwarzwald, Koplonqir.
   
3. 
   Mineral names: Toshko‘mir, Jezqazg‘an, Tasqazg‘an,Temirtov, Neftdag, Kumushkon, Oltintopgan, Tillakon.
   
4. 
   Occupational names are common in urban microtoponymy forms: Sozangaron, Ahangaron, Dehqanabad, Charvador.
   
5. 
   Names of tribes and nobles - Bahrin, Barlos, Jaloir, Mangit,Qarluq, Kungrad, Kipchak, Qovchin, Nukus and other settlements.
   
6. 
   Names of people– Anthroponyms - Patronyms Navoiregion and city, Beruni Sharof Rashidov districts, St. Petersburg, Bolivia, Colombia, Washington Drake Strait, Victoria Falls and Island, Lingvitson Falls, Barents Sea, Tasman Island.
   
7. 
   Mythical and religious names - Oqmachit (name of the city of Kyzylorda) Scarf scarf, Mashhad cities, Shohimardon village.
   
8. 
   Wonderful and melting names - Labay Mountain in Namangandistrict, Death Valley in the United States.
   
9. 
   New Age Names - Symbolic Geographical Names - Attitudes Toward the acquisition of Mirzachol, Dostlik Zarbdor, Mirzabod, Sayhunabad, Gulistan districts.
   

Geographical terms are defined by H. Hasanov in terms of land and soil, meteorological terms and distinguishes them from others, interprets them, and expresses their own opinions. In the same waytogether explains the world map and place names attached to ''Devon''. In ''Devon'' some sources have commented on the geographical data.Mahmud Kashgari's "Devonu lug'atit turk" explores the geography of Central Asia (Turkestan) is also a very important scientific source in terms of terminology.
In short, the great historical changes in Central Asia and Turkestan, invasions - first those Arabs and then those peoples as a result of the Mongol invasion terms also came in and settled down.