E. A. Abdalina, R. J. Hoshimova

O’qing va tarjima qiling.

Take a map. Don't take that pen. Make a plan, Ben. Let me introduce my friend to you. Let him translate the text. Don't let him open the box.

In, to, by predloglari
Ingliz tilida kelishik qo’shimchalari bo’lmagani uchun predloglar alohida o’rin tutadi:
a) in predlogi gapda qaerda, nimada? savollariga javob bo’ladi va biror narsaning ichida ekanligini bildiradi.


He lives in London U Londonda yashaydi.
The students are in the room.

b) to predlogi yo’nalishni bildiradi, qaerga, qaysi tarafga so’roqlariga javob bo’ladi.

Go to the doctor Doktorga boring.


b) by predlogi vaqtni, sabab va maqsadni anglatadi, tushum kelishikka to’g’ri keladi. by bus — avtobusda, by 3 o'clock — soat 3 ga, by air — tayyorada, by sea — dengiz orqali, kemada.


Son
Sanoq sonlar
Sanoq sonlar how many — qancha? degan savolga javob bo’ladi.
O’n ikkigacha bo’lgan sanoq sonlarni esda tuting.


one two three four five six
[,wan] [,tu;] [,Өri;] [,fo] [,faiv] [,siks]
1 2 3 4 5 6
seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
[,sevn] [,eit] [,nain] [,ten] [ilevn] [,twelv]
7 8 9 10 11 12
O’n uchdan boshlab sanoq sonlar – teen suffiksi yordamida tuziladi, ayrim sonlarning o’zagi o’zgaradi.
13 thirteen ['Өә;ti:n) 16 sixteen ['siks,ti:n]
14 fourteen ['fә:tf:n] 17 seventeen ['seven ti:n]
15 fifteen [‘fif,ti:n] 18 eighteen ['ei,ti;n]
16 sixteen [‘siks,ti;n] 19 nineteen ('nain,ti;n]

O’nliklarning belgisi — ty suffiksidir

20 twenty [,twenti] 60 sixty [,siksti]

30 thirty [,0ә:ti] 70 seventy [,sevnti]
40 forty [,fә:ti] 80 eighty [,eiti]
50 fifty [,fifti] 90 ninety [,nainti]
100 hundred [,hndrid]
1000 thousand [,Өauzend]
1000000 million [,miljәn]

O’nlik va birliklar xuddi o’zbek sanoq sonlaridek o’qiladi.

64 — sixty-four 39 — thirty nine

45 — forty-five 77 — seventy seven

Yuzgacha tez sanashni o’rganing. Yillar ikkita – ikkita son qilib o’qiladi: 1954 — ninteen fifty four

1839 — eighteen thirty nine 1990 — nineteen ninety

Yil so’zi (year) shunday paytda aytilmaydi. Yuzgacha sanashni bilasiz. Endi davom ettiramiz.

100 — one (a) hundred .
101 — one hundred and one
112 — one hundred and twelve
785 — seven hundred and eighty five
1.000 — one (a) thousand
1.001 — one thousand and one
7,945 — seven thousand nine hundred and forty five
2,000 — two thousand
100,000 — one hundred thousand
1,000,000 - one million
5,500,565 — five million five hundred thousand five hundred and sixty-five.
3,500,600,761 — three billion (milliard) five hundred million six hundred thousand seven hundred and sixty one.

Quyidagilarga alohida e’tibor bering.

a) hundred, thousand, million sonlarida ko’plikda – s qo’shimchasi qo’shilmaydi. Lekin hundred va thousand so’zlari qo’shma ot bo’lib kelganda – s qo’shiladi. Two hundred persons — ikki yuzga:; hundreds of people — (ot bo’lganda) — yuzlab odamlar.

b) hundred, thousand so’zlaridan keyin kelgan o’nlik va birlik sonlar orasiga and ishlatiladi.

135 — one hundred and thirty five

1,022 — one thousand and twenty two
Ko’p sonli sonlar orasiga nuqta emas, vergul quyiladi.