Dr. Carlos F. Márquez Linares Dr. Enrique F. Quero Gervilla Doctoral Programme in Languages, Texts and Contexts Faculty of Translation and Interpreting university of granada

Pure DT (general use) Мирным путём (Lingvo Law)

Mirnym putjom
L.t.: in a peaceful way
Ruscorpora (general use): N.c.: 385 doc., M.c.: 5 doc. Оппозиционные политические организации хотели бы решать проблемы мирным путем (Svicherevskij, 2011. Ruscorpora).
4.	Pure DT (general use) Дружеским образом (Lingvo Law)
	Druzheskim obrazom
	L.t.: in a friendly way
	Ruscorpora: 0 doc.
5.	Direct Equivalent (general use) Дружески; дружественно; дружелюбно (Lingvo Universal)
	Druzheski, druzhestvenno, druzheljubno
	L.t: in a friendly way, in a friendly manner
RECOMMENDED TRANSLATION: Pure DT путём переговоров Putyom peregovorov (L.t.: usingnegotiations) Or

Pure DT (general use) Мирным путём (Lingvo Law) Mirnym putjom L.t.: in a peaceful way

The IFC glossary equivalents are separated by a comma, which makes it unclear whether we have two separate translations or just one. Nevertheless, term use (see table 2) justifies that the terms can be used independently in Russian. Both terms, по взаимному согласию and путем переговоров (IFC) can be considered to be full-fledged equivalents of the source term. The first one uses a preposition “по” and the dative case of an adjective and a noun, which makes it close to the English equivalent “according to”. The second descriptive form uses instrumental case in Russian denoting manner “by means of”, which corresponds in its meaning to an adverb in English.

The general meaning of the source term “in a friendly way”, which is literally represented in Russian: дружеским образом (Lingvo) (druzheskim obrazom, L.t.: in a friendly way), мирным путём (Lingvo Law) (mirnym putjom, L.t.: in a peaceful way), can compete with the previously mentioned terms in their practical use. These terms are widely used in the restricted context of LSP (see table 2).

The term путем переговоров (IFC) appears in as many as 156 Ruscorpora documents, while the term мирным путём (Lingvo) can be found in a total of 390 files. The latter can be used in more general contexts, while the meaning of the former is restricted. Both of them can be recommended as equivalents for the term amicably for use in different contexts within the field of Corporate Governance.

2.1.1.3 Pure DT. Etymologically-Motivated terms

Pure DT is an explanation of a source term, usually based on its definition. Pure DT often focuses on compensating for the etymological and semantically-dense meaning of a term using descriptive elements. It usually leads to the generalization of a term, making it less specific.

The Management term by-laws (bye-laws) consists of different components, not easily retrieved from its form. The etymology of the first component of this term (“by”) is equivalent to “town” (Scandinavian) (Dictionary.com). Accordingly the term refers to “town law”.

Nevertheless, the English term is used for the generalized notion in English: “by-laws are internal documents, a set of rules that enables each organization to conduct its affairs” (Srinivas, 2014); “the bylaws of a corporation contain the rules and procedures that govern the rights and powers of shareholders, directors, and officers” (All Business); “bylaws are the rules of a corporation, established by the board of directors during the process of starting a corporation” (About.com).