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The term gender budget used in the sphere of Corporate Management denotes a budget with the following features: (it) “outlines not just expected revenue and expenditures, but also responds to the budget impact on women and men, resulting in budgetary commitments that show a solid, accountable connection to a government's gender equality commitments” (Network of East-West Women).
In UN documents the term is translated descriptively with the prepositional construction “с учётом” (s uchjotom, L.t.: taking into account): бюджет с учётом гендерных факторов (UN-
1) (budget s uchjotom gendernyh faktorov; L.t.: a budget which takes into consideration gender factors). The term is based on the elements which were previously borrowed into Russian from the English with the help of Direct Loan. “Гендерный” (gendernyj) is an assimilated term component with the adjective ending: “гендер” (English gender), stemming from “Latin genus (genitive generis) "race, stock, family; kind, rank, order; species"” (Online Etymology Dictionary). The term gender in English comes “from Old French gendre, genre "kind, species; character; gender"”, which in its turn proceeds from the stem of the Latin “genus (genitive generis) "race, stock, family; kind, rank, order; species," also "(male or female) sex <…>"” (Online Etymology Dictionary). The fact that the Russian term was borrowed using Direct Loan before the term gender budget was translated into Russian proves the fact that the descriptive form of the Russian terms (see table 14) is based on Calque.
The term content is made accurate and explicit with the help of the term component “factor”. Sometimes dictionaries or glossaries do not include the concise equivalent of the English term, which is to be widespread in Corporate Management contexts: гендерный бюджет (MCGI; JUNIFEM) (gendernyj bjudzhet). It means that the concise construction in this case is also possible in Russian, although the adjective “гендерный” is used instead of the noun gender. The term form in the target language meets the requirements of conciseness at the expense of
disposing of important semantic components. The fact that the construction gender budget is natural in English can be proved by its derivatives, which comprise additional elements inserted between the term components: gender-aware budget, gender-responsive budget, gender-neutral budget. In English the term becomes semantically denser than the Russian term when an adjective is used.
In Russian the following definitions are used for the term:
“применение комплексного гендерного подхода к формированию и исполнению бюджета” (MCGI) (priminenie kompleksnogo gendernogo podhoda k formirovaniju i ispolneniju bjudzheta; L.t.: the usage of complex gender approach to the budget creation and fulfillment);
“инструмент для оценки воздействия государственного бюджета на различные группы мужчин и женщин посредством выявления путей, которыми гендерные отношения воздействуют на общество и экономику” (JUNIFEM) (instrument dlya ocenki vozdejstvija gosudarstvennogo bjudzheta na razlichnie grupy muzhchin y zhenshhin posredstvom vyjavlenija putej, kotorimy gendernye otnoshenija vozdejstvujut na obshhestvo i economicu; L.t.: the instrument for the appreciation of the governmental budget influence on different groups of men and women by finding the ways in which gender relationship influences society and economy).
In these definitions the importance of the semantic components gender factors is highlighted: “complex gender approach”, “gender relationship”, “groups of men and women” etc. The term component “c учётом” (taking into consideration) turns out to be relevant and is used in the term definition, such as:
“анализ гендерно-ориентированных ассигнований” (ibidem) (analiz genderno- orientirovannyh assignovanij; L.t.: the analysis of gender-oriented assignments);
“учёт гендерной перспективы на всех этапах бюджетного процесса” (MCGI) (uchjot gendernoj perspektivy na vseh etapah bjudzhetnogo processa; L.t.: taking into consideration the gender perspective at all the stages of the budget process).
The derivative term gender budgeting also contains the prepositional construction “с учётом” (s uchjotom) or the word учёт (uchjot) in Russian: составление бюджета с учётом гендерных факторов (UN-1) (sostavlenie bjudzheta s uchjotom gendernyh faktorov; L.t.: budget formation according to gender factors), учет гендерной проблематики при составлении бюджета (Webster’s Online Dictionary) (uchjot gendernoj problematiki pri sostavlenii bidjeta; L.t.: taking into consideration gender problems while forming a budget). Accordingly, the DT of the term gender budget not only makes the form accurate but also its content clearer, although the concise term form гендерный бюджет (gendernij bjudjet) is currently preferred. This is proved by its use on the Internet (see table 14), while the term бюджет с учётом гендерных факторов rarely appears on the Internet. In addition to this, neither term is represented in Ruscopora (see table 14). Therefore, the term гендерный бюджет can be recommended as the translation for the term gender budget, due to its concise, recognizable form and practical value.
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