Card 1 Read and translate the text

Card 8
1.Read and translate the text:
The role fathers play in supporting their pregnant partners
A social revolution unimaginable 50 years ago is taking place every day in the UK’s maternity units - a huge majority of fathers now attend the birth of their children.
One analysis of national statistics (Kiernan and Smith, 2003) puts the overall percentage at 86%. This figure rose to 93% for fathers living with their child’s mother (more than four out of five couples are living together at the time of the birth). Among the couples not living together at that time, but still having a positive relationship with each other (one in ten couples), 64% of fathers were at the birth. Even where fathers were described as ‘not in a relationship’ with the mothers (one couple in twenty), 10% of the fathers were present at the birth (Kiernan and Smith, 2003).
There is a public debate about the importance of fathers, with politicians on both sides of the Atlantic - notably Barack Obama and David Cameron - focusing on the threats posed by absent or disengaged dads, especially those in minority ethnic communities. And yet the very services that are best positioned to kick-start a more positive, engaged relationship between fathers and the State - maternity services - only ask two formal questions about fathers: if there are any genetic abnormalities on their side of the family and whether they are violent.

Homilador sheriklarini qo'llab-quvvatlashda otalar o'ynaydi

Buyuk Britaniyaning tug'ruq bo'limlarida har kuni 50 yil oldin tasavvur qilib bo'lmaydigan ijtimoiy inqilob ro'y bermoqda - hozirda otalarning katta qismi o'z farzandlarining tug'ilishida qatnashmoqda.

Milliy statistika tahlillaridan biri (Kiernan va Smit, 2003) umumiy foizni 86% tashkil etadi. Bu ko'rsatkich o'z farzandining onasi bilan yashaydigan otalar uchun 93% gacha ko'tarildi (tug'ilish paytida beshta juftlikdan to'rttasi birgalikda yashaydi). O'sha paytda birga yashamagan, ammo hali ham bir-biri bilan ijobiy munosabatda bo'lgan juftliklar orasida (har o'n juftlikdan biri) otalarning 64% tug'ilish paytida bo'lgan. Hatto otalar onalar bilan "aloqada bo'lmagan" deb ta'riflangan joylarda ham (yigirma bitta juftlik), tug'ilish paytida otalarning 10% ishtirok etgan (Kiernan va Smit, 2003).

Atlantika okeanining har ikki tomonidagi siyosatchilar, xususan, Barak Obama va Devid Kemeron - otalarning ahamiyati to'g'risida jamoatchilik muhokamasi mavjud, ular yo'q yoki ajralib qolgan otalar, ayniqsa ozchilik etnik jamoalardagi tahdidlarga e'tibor berishadi. Va shunga qaramay, otalar va davlat o'rtasidagi yanada ijobiy, o'zaro munosabatlarni boshlash uchun eng yaxshi xizmat - onalar va onalik xizmatlari - otalar to'g'risida faqat ikkita rasmiy savol berishadi: agar ularning oilasida genetik anomaliyalar mavjud bo'lsa va yo'qmi? ular zo'ravondirlar.