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Card 4
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Physical fitness and health
Aseries of research findings illustrates the positive relationships between physical activity and bone mineral density (BMD) in a variety of sub­populations. In longitudinal studies using various sample sizes, Kemper et al and Puntilla et al illustrate that regular (weight-bearing) physical activity is significantly related to BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. In relation to total body and lumbar spine BMD, van Langendonck et al illustrate that the type of sports participation is a significant factor, with high impact sports (ground forces higher than four times body weight) most effective and remaining beneficial for the skeletal health of males age d^o. Ryan teal report on the effects of six months’ whole body resistive training in both young and older men and women. They report that the programme increased risk in later years. Supportingthis conclusion Neville et al demonstrate the importance of sports involving high peak strain for determining peak bone status, especially in young men and possibly for young women (who are less likely to take part in such sports). Greendale et al, in a study of 42- to 52-year-old women, explore four domains of physical activity (sport, home, work, active living). They illustrate that both sport and weight­bearing work in the home were the best, and equal, predictors of greater BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck sites.

Jismoniy tarbiya va sog'liq

Tadqiqot natijalari seriyalari turli xil subpopulyatsiyalarda jismoniy faollik va suyak mineral zichligi (BMD) o'rtasidagi ijobiy munosabatlarni aks ettiradi. Har xil namunaviy o'lchamlardan foydalangan holda uzunlamasına tadqiqotlarda Kemper va boshq va Puntilla va boshqalarning ta'kidlashicha, muntazam (og'irlik beruvchi) jismoniy faollik bel va femur bo'ynidagi BMD bilan sezilarli darajada bog'liqdir. Umumiy tana va bel umurtqasi BMD bilan bog'liq holda, Van Langendonk va boshqalarning ta'kidlashicha, sport bilan shug'ullanish turi muhim omil bo'lib, yuqori ta'sirli sport turlari (quruqlik kuchlari tana vaznidan to'rt martadan yuqori) eng samarali va skeletning sog'lig'i uchun foydali bo'lib qoladi. d ^ o yoshdagi erkaklar. Rayan teal olti oy davomida butun yoshdagi va kattaroq erkaklar va ayollarda butun tanaga qarshilik ko'rsatuvchi mashqlar ta'siri haqida xabar beradi. Ular keyingi yillarda dastur xavfni oshirganligi haqida xabar berishadi. Ushbu xulosani qo'llab-quvvatlash Nevil va boshqalar yuqori darajadagi zo'riqishlarni o'z ichiga olgan sport turlari, ayniqsa, yosh erkaklarda va ehtimol yosh ayollarda (bunday sport turlari bilan shug'ullanish ehtimoli kam) suyaklarning eng yuqori holatini aniqlashda muhimligini namoyish etadi. Greendale va boshq, 42-52 yoshli ayollarni o'rganish davomida jismoniy faoliyatning to'rtta sohasini (sport, uy, ish, faol hayot) o'rganib chiqdilar. Ularning ta'kidlashicha, uy sharoitida sport va og'irlikni ko'tarish eng yaxshi va teng, bel umurtqasi va femur bo'ynidagi joylarda katta BMD prognozi bo'lgan.